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BACKGROUND: Loneliness poses a significant threat to the quality of life of older adults. Therefore, it is essential to implement non-face-to-face services to solve the loneliness of older adults in the community. OBJECTIVES: This study used the ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation) model to develop mobile applications as a loneliness intervention for older adults living in the community. METHODS: A mobile application was developed using the ADDIE model to alleviate loneliness in older adults living in the community. The development process included a systematic review, a face-to-face preference survey, and an experts' evaluation. From 11 to 15 June 2021, the following six databases were used to search for related articles: Ovid-Medline, Ovid-EMBASE, Cochrane Library, KISS, Korea Med, RISS. A preference analysis was conducted on 100 adults aged 65 or older living in the community from 15 July to 31 August 2021. RESULTS: A mobile application for community-dwelling older adults was developed. Its contents included emotional support, cognition, physical activity, health data, nutrition, and motivation. They were organized through a systematic review and preference survey in the analysis stage. They were also designed as main menus and sub-content at the design stage. They also designed the structure, functionality, and interface layout. The application was developed by integrating the designed content and determining the operating system, language, access method, privacy, and server history. Then, experts evaluated the validity of the application. CONCLUSIONS: The prototype mobile application incorporates emotional support, cognition, physical activity, health data, nutrition, and motivation. It is expected to help older adults achieve their goals by promoting participation. By incorporating expert validity into the content development process of early prototypes, we have improved the usability and acceptability of our products. Future pilot trials are needed to evaluate the effectiveness of this mobile application among older adults.
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BACKGROUND: Lifestyle modification is the primary treatment for overweight and obese women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). Developing mobile applications that motivate and provide lifestyle modification advice and evidence-based information for women with PCOS is needed. AIMS: This study is aimed at the development of an integrated mobile application for lifestyle modifications in women with PCOS. METHODS: This study is a development study to develop a lifestyle modification mobile application for PCOS based on a systematic review and needs analysis according to the ADDIE model. The survey was conducted consecutively on patients with PCOS who visited a university hospital in Incheon, Republic of Korea from 1 November 2020 to 28 February 2021. The questionnaire was developed based on prior literature, and validity was evaluated by experts. The survey investigated respondents' general characteristics, the perceptions and needs, and the preferred components of integrated mobile application for lifestyle modification. The usability of the application was evaluated by experts. STROBE statement has been followed in this study. RESULTS: The lifestyle modification programme was confirmed to be clinical effect through a systematic review. The necessity application and high scores in preference of all components was confirmed in a survey. The mobile application included every amount of intake, exercise time, menstrual period, and daily weight compared with the target weight and BMI. It also included questionnaires on hirsutism and acne, disease information, and communication with the researcher for counselling purposes. The application will motivate users to participate by giving scores according to a goal achievement each day. In usability test, experts evaluate this mobile application as suitable for use. CONCLUSION: In this study, an integrated mobile application was developed in consideration of the systematic review and needs analysis of women with PCOS. The effectiveness of the application will need to be verified through further research. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: This study developed an integrated mobile application including diet and exercise therapy, as well as weight and menstrual period management, questionnaires and disease information. In addition, the mobile application motivates women with PCOS to provide personalised counselling and achieve goals. We expect to use it in future studies for women with PCOS in clinical practice.
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Aplicaciones Móviles , Síndrome del Ovario Poliquístico , Humanos , Femenino , Síndrome del Ovario Poliquístico/terapia , Estilo de Vida , Sobrepeso , Obesidad/terapiaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Considering older adults' interests and physical abilities, non-face-to-face services precipitated positive acceptance and reduced loneliness. Developing non-face-to-face services designed after investigating older adults' needs is necessary. RESEARCH QUESTION: What is the need for non-face-to-face services to reduce loneliness among older adults in the community? METHODS: A questionnaire was developed through a content validity evaluation of a group of experts based on a prior systematic review. The survey was administered to 100 community-dwelling older adults between 15 July and 31 August 2021. The need for non-face-to-face services for older adults was analyzed. RESULTS: This study found that non-face-to-face services precipitate positive perceptions and satisfy the needs of older adults in the community. Additionally, the older adults preferred integrated content from non-face-to-face services. Through the analysis of preference differences according to the general characteristics, this study shows the possibility of inducing participation by developing content that attracts older adults' attention. CONCLUSION: This study is expected to provide basic data for content development of non-face-to-face services to reduce loneliness among older adults in the community by investigating their needs.
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Elderly people are sensitive to loneliness, which may contribute to mental and physical health, serious illness, and increased mortality. This study investigates the development trend of information communication technology (ICT) interventions designed for the elderly to reduce loneliness and synthesize its effect. We searched relevant articles on 23 May 2020 using three databases: Ovid-Medline, Ovid-EMBASE, and the Cochrane library. Data extraction and quality assessment were independently performed by two authors. The development is changing from animal robots to online social platforms and from simple emotional support to a multifaceted system that promotes social participation, cognition, physical activity, and nutrition. Our systematic review reported that ICT interventions are being developed to alleviate loneliness and increase social participation. Our study revealed an increase in the use of ICT interventions among the elderly and a positive change in their attitude toward ICT interventions. ICT interventions in the field of nursing should continue to be developed in the future to meet social, health, and safety needs. In the context of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), ICT interventions are needed to respond effectively to the needs of the elderly. This study is expected to provide basic knowledge for the development of ICT interventions for the elderly.
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Public health authorities recommend that isolation precautions for influenza should be continued for 7 days after illness onset or until 24 h after the resolution of symptoms, whichever event lasts longer. However, little data are available regarding the duration of isolation for patients with 2009 pandemic H1N1 (pH1N1). We recruited patients with confirmed pH1N1 virus infection at a 2,000-bed tertiary care center. Influenza viral loads from oropharyngeal swab specimens were serially determined by reverse transcriptase quantitative polymerase chain reaction every other day, and the risk factors for prolonged viral shedding were investigated. To evaluate the current recommendations for isolation precautions, we measured the intervals between symptom onset and the last viral RNA detection, and that between the last viral RNA detection and the point at which the patient was symptom-free for 24 h. From November 2009 to January 2010, 26 patients were enrolled, and viral RNA was detected in more than half of the eligible patients (10 of 19, 52.6%) for ≥7 days after symptom onset. While evaluating the policy for lifting quarantine, we found that viral RNA was detected in 4 of 15 patients (26.7%) beyond the recommended duration of isolation. In conclusion, viral RNA was detected in a substantial proportion of hospitalized patients even when they fulfilled the recommended conditions for lifting quarantine, and we believe that more prudence is required in this aspect.
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Subtipo H1N1 del Virus de la Influenza A/aislamiento & purificación , Gripe Humana/virología , Cuarentena/métodos , Esparcimiento de Virus , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Femenino , Humanos , Gripe Humana/patología , Estudios Longitudinales , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Orofaringe/virología , Reacción en Cadena en Tiempo Real de la Polimerasa , Factores de Tiempo , Carga ViralRESUMEN
Metallo-ß-lactamase (MBL) production usually results in high-level resistance to most ß-lactams, and a rapid spread of MBL producing major gram-negative pathogens is a matter of particular concern worldwide. However, clinical data are scarce and most studies compared MBL producer (MP) with MBL non-producer (MNP) strains which included carbapenem susceptible isolates. Therefore, we collected clinical data of patients in whom imipenem-nonsusceptible Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) and Acinetobacter baumannii (AB) were isolated from sputum or urine, and investigated MBL production and the risk factors related with MBL acquisition. The antimicrobial susceptibility patterns were also compared between MPs and imipenem-nonsusceptible MNPs (INMNP). Among the 176 imipenem-nonsusceptible isolates, 12 MPs (6.8%) were identified. There was no identifiable risk factor that contributed to the acquisition of MPs when compared to INMNPs, and case-fatalities were not different between the two groups. The percentage of susceptible isolates was higher among MPs for piperacilin/tazobactam and fluoroquinolones while that of ceftazidime was higher in INMNPs (p < 0.05). As regards to aztreonam, which has been known to be a uniquely stable ß-lactam against MBLs, susceptibility was preserved in only two isolates (16.7%) among MPs, and was not higher than that of INMNPs (23.2%). In conclusion, the contribution of MBLs to imipenem non-susceptibility in PA/ABs isolated from sputum and urine was relatively limited, and there was no significant risk factor associated with acquisition of MPs compared with INMNPs. However, limited susceptibility to aztreonam implies that MPs may hold additional resistance mechanisms, such as extended spectrum ß-lactamases, AmpC ß-lactamases, or other non-enzymatic mechanisms.
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Bacterias Gramnegativas/enzimología , Esputo/microbiología , Orina/microbiología , beta-Lactamasas/metabolismo , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico , Niño , Preescolar , Electroforesis en Gel de Campo Pulsado , Femenino , Bacterias Gramnegativas/efectos de los fármacos , Bacterias Gramnegativas/aislamiento & purificación , Infecciones por Bacterias Gramnegativas/tratamiento farmacológico , Infecciones por Bacterias Gramnegativas/enzimología , Infecciones por Bacterias Gramnegativas/microbiología , Humanos , Masculino , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Persona de Mediana Edad , República de Corea , Resistencia betalactámicaRESUMEN
Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the most frequent cause of bacteremia/sepsis in elderly people and increasing antimicrobial resistance in uropathogens has been observed. To describe the characteristics of bacteremic UTI in elderly patients and to identify the independent risk factors of all-cause in-hospital mortality, a retrospective cohort study of bacteremic UTI patients of age over 65 was performed at a single 2000-bed tertiary hospital. Bacteremic UTI was defined as the isolation of the same organism from both urine and blood within 48 h. Eighty-six elderly bacteremic UTI patients were enrolled. Community-acquired infection was the case for most patients (79.1%), and Escherichia coli accounted for 88.6% (70/79) among Gram-negative organisms. Non-E. coli Gram-negative organisms were more frequent in hospital-acquired cases and male patients while chronic urinary catheter insertion was related with Gram-positive urosepsis. The antibiotic susceptibility among Gram-negative organisms was not different depending on the source of bacteremic UTI, while non-E. coli Gram-negative organisms were less frequently susceptible for cefotaxime, cefoperazone/sulbactam, and aztreonam. All-cause in-hospital mortality was 11.6%, and functional dependency (adjusted hazard ratio=HR=10.9, 95% confidence interval=95%CI=2.2-54.6) and low serum albumin (adjusted HR=27.0, 95%CI=2.0-361.2) were independently related with increased all-cause in-hospital mortality.
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Mortalidad Hospitalaria , Infecciones Urinarias/mortalidad , Factores de Edad , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico , Infecciones Relacionadas con Catéteres/tratamiento farmacológico , Infecciones Relacionadas con Catéteres/mortalidad , Infecciones Comunitarias Adquiridas/mortalidad , Infección Hospitalaria/tratamiento farmacológico , Infección Hospitalaria/mortalidad , Femenino , Humanos , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , República de Corea/epidemiología , Estudios Retrospectivos , Factores de Riesgo , Factores Sexuales , Cateterismo Urinario/efectos adversos , Infecciones Urinarias/tratamiento farmacológico , Infecciones Urinarias/microbiologíaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To describe the incidence of recovery of both vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) from culture of a single clinical specimen, to describe the clinical characteristics of patients from whom these specimens were recovered, and to identify the risk factors of these patients. DESIGN: A retrospective cohort and case-control study. SETTING: A tertiary care university hospital and referral center in Seoul, Korea. METHODS: We identified 61 case patients for whom a single clinical specimen yielded both VRE and MRSA on culture, and 122 control patients for whom any clinical specimen yielded only VRE on culture. The control patients were selected by matching 2:1 with the case patients for age, sex, and first date of sampling that led to isolation of VRE or both VRE and MRSA among 1,536 VRE-colonized patients from January 1, 2003, through December 31, 2006. To identify patient risk factors for the recovery of both VRE and MRSA in a single clinical specimen, we performed univariate comparisons between the 2 groups and then multivariate logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: The incidence of recovery of both VRE and MRSA from culture of a single clinical specimen was 3.97% (for 61 of 1,536 VRE-colonized patients) over 4 years. Among these 82 single clinical specimens, the most common type was wound specimens (26.8%), followed by lower respiratory tract specimens (18.3%), urine specimens (17.1%), and catheter tips (15.9%). Of the 61 case patients, 14 (23.0%) had 2 or more single clinical specimens that yielded both VRE and MRSA on culture, and the longest interval from the first sampling that yielded both organisms to the last sampling that yielded both was 174 days. Independent patient risk factors for the presence of both VRE and MRSA in a single clinical specimen were chronic renal disease (odds ratio [OR], 7.00; P=.012 ), urinary catheterization (OR, 3.36; P=.026), and longer total cumulative duration of hospital stay within the previous year (OR, 1.03; P < .001). CONCLUSION: We confirmed that the recovery of VRE and MRSA from a single clinical specimen occurs continually. Because prolonged cell-to-cell contact can facilitate transfer of vanA, close observation and surveillance for vancomycin-resistant S. aureus, especially among patients with risk factors for the recovery of both VRE and MRSA from a single clinical specimen, should be continued.
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Portador Sano , Enterococcus/aislamiento & purificación , Infecciones por Bacterias Grampositivas , Staphylococcus aureus Resistente a Meticilina/aislamiento & purificación , Infecciones Estafilocócicas , Resistencia a la Vancomicina , Adulto , Anciano , Portador Sano/epidemiología , Portador Sano/microbiología , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Estudios de Cohortes , Medios de Cultivo , Enterococcus/clasificación , Enterococcus/efectos de los fármacos , Femenino , Infecciones por Bacterias Grampositivas/complicaciones , Infecciones por Bacterias Grampositivas/epidemiología , Infecciones por Bacterias Grampositivas/microbiología , Hospitales Universitarios , Humanos , Incidencia , Corea (Geográfico)/epidemiología , Masculino , Staphylococcus aureus Resistente a Meticilina/efectos de los fármacos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Factores de Riesgo , Infecciones Estafilocócicas/complicaciones , Infecciones Estafilocócicas/epidemiología , Infecciones Estafilocócicas/microbiologíaRESUMEN
There is a concern that the widespread use of antiretroviral drugs to treat HIV infections may result in the increased transmission of a drug-resistant virus. Drug resistance testing before initiating treatment among newly diagnosed HIV patients is helpful in the design of initial regimens. Although HIV infected patients have been increasing in Korea, the transmission rate of drug-resistant HIV is unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of antiretroviral drug resistance-associated mutations in patients newly diagnosed as early stage of HIV infection in Korea. We defined patients with early HIV infections as those with confirmed diagnoses who had an indeterminate Western blot. We performed genotypic resistance testing in 66 HIV-1 subjects at an early HIV infection stage who were identified between March 2002 and June 2005. Two of the 66 subjects with early HIV infections showed major mutations associated with resistance. Major mutations by themselves reduce susceptibility to one or more drugs and occur commonly during virological failure. Minor mutations have little or no effect on susceptibility and occur only after other drug-resistance mutations. The resistant mutation of reverse-transcriptase gene was found at E44D, and the major resistant mutation of protease gene was found at M46L. Minor protease resistance mutations were seen in 52 cases. Genetic subtype analysis revealed that all subjects were infected with HIV-1 subtype B. In conclusion, the prevalence of drug-resistant HIV-1 in patients newly diagnosed with HIV in its early infection stage is not high in Korea.
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Farmacorresistencia Viral , Infecciones por VIH/diagnóstico , Infecciones por VIH/virología , VIH-1/fisiología , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Demografía , Femenino , Infecciones por VIH/epidemiología , Infecciones por VIH/genética , Humanos , Corea (Geográfico)/epidemiología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Mutación/genética , PrevalenciaRESUMEN
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a potent angiogenic and vascular permeability factor. Recent studies have shown that the VEGF levels increase in several cell types, for example, macrophages and smooth muscle cells after LPS stimulation, suggesting that it is important in the initiation and development of sepsis. In particular, LPS-regulated contractility in lung pericytes may play an important role in mediating pulmonary microvascular fluid hemodynamics during sepsis. This study investigated the production of VEGF by rat lung pericytes in response to LPS. LPS was found to enhance VEGF mRNA expression in a concentration-dependent manner peaking 2 h after stimulation in pericytes. Vascular endothelial growth factor protein levels in conditioned medium and in cell lysate also increased on increasing LPS and peaked after 24 to 48 h. LPS also significantly augmented iNOS expression in lung pericytes within 6 h. However, iNOS mRNA induction occurred later than LPS-induced VEGF mRNA increases. Interestingly, attempted inhibition with nuclear factor-kappaB or tyrosine kinase did not suppress LPS-induced augmented VEGF mRNA expression in lung pericytes, although both inhibitors markedly inhibited LPS-induced iNOS mRNA expression. SB203580, a p38 MAP kinase inhibitor, repressed LPS-induced VEGF mRNA expression. Furthermore, LPS stimulated a rapid and sustained phosphorylation of p38 MAP kinase. These results show that pericytes produce VEGF in response to LPS stimulation, and that this may be partly mediated by the p38 MAP kinase pathway. More research should be done to establish the regulation of capillary hemodynamics and identify mechanisms of their regulation.
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Lipopolisacáridos/farmacología , Pulmón/citología , Pericitos/metabolismo , Factor A de Crecimiento Endotelial Vascular/biosíntesis , Proteínas Quinasas p38 Activadas por Mitógenos/fisiología , Animales , Células Cultivadas , Imidazoles/farmacología , Pulmón/efectos de los fármacos , Masculino , Óxido Nítrico Sintasa de Tipo II/fisiología , Pericitos/efectos de los fármacos , Piridinas/farmacología , ARN Mensajero/metabolismo , Ratas , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Síndrome de Dificultad Respiratoria/fisiopatología , Proteínas Quinasas p38 Activadas por Mitógenos/antagonistas & inhibidoresRESUMEN
Recently, we isolated the Dub-2A gene, which encodes a novel murine deubiquitinating enzyme subfamily member, from a bacterial artificial chromosome library clone by PCR amplification with degenerate PCR primers for the Dub-2 cDNA (Baek, K.-H., Mondoux, M. A., Jaster, R., Fire-Levin E., and D'Andrea, A. D. (2001) Blood 98, 636-642). In this study, we analyzed two more clones from the library to isolate genes encoding other deubiquitinating enzymes. Dub-1A, which encodes the shortest member of the DUB subfamily of deubiquitinating enzymes so far, has been identified in both clones and characterized. Sequence analysis showed that Dub-1A encodes a 468-amino acid protein that has a molecular mass of approximately 51 kDa and that contains a putative catalytic domain (Cys, His, and Asp) conserved among DUB proteins. The amino acid sequence of DUB-1A is 84.5, 84.7, and 85.3% identical to those of DUB-1, DUB-2, and DUB-2A, respectively. Reverse transcription-PCR revealed that Dub-1A is expressed not only in B-lymphocytes in response to interleukin-3 stimulation, but also in T-lymphocytes, brain, heart, liver, lung, kidney, ovary, and spleen. This suggests that Dub-1A may play essential roles in each of these organs. In vivo and in vitro deubiquitinating enzyme assays showed that DUB-1A has functional deubiquitinating activity and that the 5'-flanking sequence of Dub-1A has a functional enhancer domain as shown in Dub-1 and Dub-2A. Interestingly, immunoblot analysis revealed that DUB-1A is polyubiquitinated, indicating that it is degraded through proteasome-mediated degradation. In the absence of JAK2, Dub-1A was expressed at a lower level. This suggests that DUB-1A functions downstream of JAK2 kinase in the interleukin-3 signaling pathway.
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Linfocitos B/enzimología , Endopeptidasas/genética , Endopeptidasas/metabolismo , Secuencia de Aminoácidos , Animales , Secuencia de Bases , Línea Celular , Clonación Molecular , Inducción Enzimática/efectos de los fármacos , Interleucina-3/metabolismo , Ratones , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Especificidad de Órganos , Transducción de SeñalRESUMEN
Angiogenesis takes place during embryogenesis, characterized by the formation of new blood vessels from pre-existing ones. This biological process is also found in the female reproductive system, wound healing, and cancer development. Apoptosis, programmed cell death, is a physiological process in development, tissue homeostasis, and disease. Apoptosis is a normal event in several reproductive tissues including human placenta. In these studies, we investigated whether aberrant angiogenesis and apoptosis are associated with recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL). We compared the gene expression level for angiogenesis- and apoptosis-related genes in chorionic villi from RPL patients and those from normal controls. Semi-quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis revealed that 7 angiogenesis- and 12 apoptosis-related genes were abnormally expressed in chorionic villi from RPL patients. Angiogenesis-related genes that showed aberrant expression level are matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI), integrin, transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), and leptin receptor. Expression levels for these genes, except for leptin receptor, showed less in chorionic villi from RPL patients than those from normal controls. In contrast, higher expression levels of 12 apoptosis-related genes (caspase 3, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, BAD, BAX, BID, Fas, and FasL) were shown in chorionic villi from RPL patients than those from normal controls. Taken all together, it is likely that the lower expression of angiogenesis-related genes and the excessive expression of apoptosis-related genes are associated with RPL.
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Aborto Habitual/metabolismo , Apoptosis/fisiología , Vellosidades Coriónicas/metabolismo , Neovascularización Fisiológica/fisiología , Aborto Habitual/genética , Apoptosis/genética , Muestra de la Vellosidad Coriónica , Fragmentación del ADN , Electroforesis en Gel de Agar , Femenino , Humanos , Neovascularización Fisiológica/genética , Embarazo , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa de Transcriptasa InversaRESUMEN
We have identified a full-length mouse UBH1 cDNA, encoding a putative deubiquitinating enzyme, from the testis by RT-PCR using primers prepared from sequences conserved amongst deubiquitinating enzymes. Sequence analysis predicts that the UBH1 cDNA encodes a 355 amino acid polypeptide with the molecular weight of approximately 39 kDa containing the highly conserved Cys, Asp, and His domains characteristic of the ubiquitin-specific processing proteases. Biochemical assay revealed that the mouse UBH1 has deubiquitinating enzyme activity and sequence analysis showed 98.3% amino acid identity with human UBH1.
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Endopeptidasas/genética , Testículo/metabolismo , Secuencia de Aminoácidos , Animales , Secuencia de Bases , Clonación Molecular , ADN Complementario , Endopeptidasas/metabolismo , Humanos , Immunoblotting , Masculino , Ratones , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Alineación de Secuencia , Ubiquitina TiolesterasaRESUMEN
Normal pregnancy requires a series of immunological, metabolic, vascular and endocrine regulating processes. However, the specific genes and proteins involved in these processes are not well defined. Aberration of these processes may lead to problems in pregnancy. One of these problems may be recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL). Little information is available on the level of expression of genes that may play a role in normal pregnancy. Therefore, this study determined whether different levels of gene expression at the feto-maternal interface could be associated with factors for RPL. The expression patterns of genes isolated from subtractive hybridization analysis performed with chorionic villi from normal and abnormal pregnancies were investigated. Eight genes classified into groups, including immunosuppression-related, embryo attachment-related and angiogenesis-related, were isolated.
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Aborto Habitual/genética , Expresión Génica , Gonadotropina Coriónica/genética , Vellosidades Coriónicas/química , Implantación del Embrión/genética , Femenino , Fibronectinas/genética , Globinas/genética , Glicodelina , Glicoproteínas/genética , Humanos , Tolerancia Inmunológica/genética , Metaloproteinasa 2 de la Matriz/genética , Mucina-1/genética , Neovascularización Fisiológica/genética , Hibridación de Ácido Nucleico/métodos , Fragmentos de Péptidos/genética , Embarazo , Proteínas Gestacionales/genética , ARN Mensajero/análisis , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa de Transcriptasa InversaRESUMEN
In this study, we have isolated a bovine homologue bgl-1 of lethal giant larvae (lgl) tumor suppressor oncogene from bovine brain by RT-PCR using primers designed based on the conserved sequences for lgl family members. The sequence analysis showed that the bgl-1 encodes a 1,036 amino acid polypeptide with the molecular weight of approximately 112 kDa containing a domain characteristic of WD-40 proteins. The amino acid sequence of bgl-1 showed a homology of 98.3 and 87.3% identity to that of mouse and human, respectively. Northern blot analysis showed that bgl-1 was highly expressed in brain, ovary and testis, with moderate expression in liver, uterus, lung and kidney. This suggests that the bgl-1 may play essential roles in each of these organs. The complementation analysis revealed that the bovine bgl-1 partially restored the Na+ tolerance in the absence of yeast lgl homologue, suggesting that bgl-1 is a bovine homologue of the lgl family.