RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: Obesity and metabolic syndrome are risk factors for liver diseases like non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. A healthy food pattern is vital for managing these health problems, therefore, this study investigated how two calorie-restricted diets, the Central European diet (CED) and Mediterranean diet (MED), altered microsomal liver function in obese postmenopausal women with a risk of metabolic syndrome. PATIENTS AND METHODS: One-hundred-forty-four subjects were randomly assigned to the CED (n=72) or the MED (n=72) groups. A 13C-methacetin breath test was performed, before and after the intervention to assess CPDR (Cumulative Percentage Dose Recovery at 120 minutes of the test), TTP (Time to Peak - maximal momentary recovery of 13C) and Vmax (the maximum momentary 13C recovery). RESULTS: There was a statistically significant increase in TTP and Vmax in the CED group only (p=0.0159 and p=0.0498, respectively). Changes in CPDR and TTP due to intervention were significantly higher in the CED group than in the MED group (p=0.0440 and p=0.0115, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study to document a stimulatory effect of the energy-restricted CED on liver microsomal function as compared to MED. The relatively short dietary intervention led to a significant difference in the CYP1A2 activity between groups. The trial was registered in the German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS-ID: DRKS00012958; URL: https://www.germanctr.de/).
Asunto(s)
Restricción Calórica , Dieta Mediterránea , Microsomas Hepáticos/metabolismo , Obesidad/metabolismo , Obesidad/terapia , Posmenopausia/metabolismo , Femenino , Alemania , Humanos , Persona de Mediana EdadRESUMEN
The present study aimed at analysing how dietary folic acid (FA) and Fe deficiency, followed by supplementation with these nutrients, affects the expression of folate and Fe transporters in the duodenum, as well as FA and Fe status. After a deficiency period, Wistar rats were randomised to a group fed with a diet deficient in FA and supplemented with Fe (DFE), a diet deficient in Fe and supplemented with FA, a diet supplemented with Fe and FA (FEFOL), a diet deficient in Fe and FA (D) or a control diet (C). Tissue collection was performed after 2, 10 or 21 d of these diets. Group D had higher Slc11a2 mRNA levels than the DFE group at every time point and there were differences in mRNA levels of Slc46a1 between the DFE and the FEFOL groups at the third time point, but we observed no differences in protein levels between the groups. The DFE and D groups not only had lower serum folate concentrations at every time point but also had the highest homocysteine concentrations. Total Fe binding capacity concentrations were the lowest in the DFE group at the first time point and in the DFE and the FEFOL groups at the final time point. Simultaneous supplementation with FA and Fe resulted in significantly higher Hb concentrations than did supplementation with these nutrients alone. Our findings indicate that dietary FA and Fe deficiency, and subsequent supplementation with these nutrients, affects transcription but not the protein levels of FA and Fe transporters in the duodenum.
Asunto(s)
Anemia Ferropénica/genética , Suplementos Dietéticos , Deficiencia de Ácido Fólico/genética , Ácido Fólico/administración & dosificación , Hierro/administración & dosificación , Anemia Ferropénica/sangre , Anemia Ferropénica/etiología , Animales , Proteínas de Transporte de Catión/metabolismo , Dieta/efectos adversos , Duodeno/metabolismo , Ácido Fólico/sangre , Deficiencia de Ácido Fólico/sangre , Deficiencia de Ácido Fólico/etiología , Hierro/sangre , Estado Nutricional , Transportador de Folato Acoplado a Protón/metabolismo , Ratas , Ratas Wistar , Transcripción Genética/efectos de los fármacosRESUMEN
One-carbon metabolism is critical to pregnancy outcomes, because it determines the availability of nutrients involved in cell divisions and DNA methylation. The aim of this study was to analyze how 50% prenatal calorie restriction affected one-carbon metabolism in pregnant Wistar rats of the F0 to F2 generations. Mean choline (pâ¯<â¯0.001), betaine (pâ¯<â¯0.001), and S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) (pâ¯<â¯0.05) concentrations were respectively about 40%, 45%, and 20% lower in the F0_R (R - restricted diet) than in the F0_C (C - control diet). Homocysteine, S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH), and trimethylamine oxide concentrations were unaffected. In the F1_R, the SAM-to-SAH ratio was 25% higher (pâ¯<â¯0.05) than in the F1_C. No differences between the C and R groups were observed in the F2 generation. The SAM concentrations in the F1_R were higher than in the F0_R and the F2_R (pâ¯<â¯0.01). The relative transcript levels of Mat1a, Bhmt, Cbs, Pemt, and Mthfr were only slightly affected by the diet, with changes of less than a factor of 2.0. Cbs activity in the F2_R was significantly higher than in the F2_C (pâ¯<â¯0.001). Food deprivation may affect one-carbon metabolism in pregnant rats, but it does not stimulate persistent metabolic changes that can be observed during the pregnancy of their progeny of the F1 or F2 generations.
Asunto(s)
Restricción Calórica , Carbono/metabolismo , Modelos Biológicos , Preñez/metabolismo , Animales , Betaína/sangre , Colina/sangre , Colina/metabolismo , Metilación de ADN , Femenino , Expresión Génica , Homocisteína/sangre , Homocisteína/metabolismo , Hidrolasas/sangre , Hígado/metabolismo , Masculino , Metilaminas/sangre , Embarazo , Ratas Wistar , S-Adenosilmetionina/sangreRESUMEN
Chromosomal localization of nine porcine genes encoding transcription factors involved in adipogenesis was determined. BAC clones harboring sequences of selected genes CEBPA (SSC6q12), CEBPB (SSC17q23), CEBPD (SSC4q15), CEBPG (SSC6q12), PPARG (SSC13q24), SREBF1 (SSC10q17), DDIT3 (SSC12q15), GATA2 (SSC13q24 -->q31) and GATA3 (SSC5p12) were mapped by FISH. The positions of these genes in the human and pig genomes were compared. A potential role of the genes encoding adipogenesis factors as candidate genes for fatness traits as well as obesity-related phenotypes is discussed.
Asunto(s)
Adipogénesis/genética , Porcinos/genética , Factores de Transcripción/genética , Animales , Secuencia de Bases , Proteínas Potenciadoras de Unión a CCAAT/genética , Cromosomas Artificiales Bacterianos/genética , Citogenética , Cartilla de ADN/genética , Factor de Transcripción GATA2/genética , Hibridación Fluorescente in Situ , PPAR gamma/genéticaRESUMEN
In the present study cytogenetic localization of eight fatty acid binding protein genes in the pig genome was shown. BAC clones, containing sequences of selected genes (FABP1, FABP2, FABP3, FABP4, FABP5, FABP6, FABP7 and FABP8) were derived from porcine BAC libraries and mapped by FISH to porcine chromosomes (SSC) 3q12, 8q25, 6q26, 4q12, 4q12, 16q22, 1p22 and 4q12, respectively. Detailed analyses of regions containing gene clusters (FABP4, FABP5, FABP8) in chromosome 4 were performed and their order was established. It was shown that these three genes are located beyond the FAT1 region. Assignment of the FABP genes to chromosome regions harboring quantitative trait loci (QTL) for fat deposition is discussed.
Asunto(s)
Mapeo Cromosómico , Proteínas de Unión a Ácidos Grasos/genética , Genoma , Animales , Secuencia de Bases , Cromosomas Artificiales Bacterianos , Cartilla de ADN , Hibridación Fluorescente in Situ , Masculino , PorcinosRESUMEN
Associations between FABP3 (alternatively named H-FABP) gene polymorphisms and fatness traits were tested in two pig breeds (Polish Large White and Polish Landrace) and one synthetic line - 990. Three known single nucleotide polymorphisms, detected by HinfI, MspI and HaeIII restriction enzymes, were analyzed. Moreover, three new polymorphisms in the 5' regulatory region were identified: C(-221)T, C(-160)G and T(-158)G, but only the third one was widely distributed and correlated with backfat thickness in line 990. The obtained results suggest that the FABP3 gene is linked with an unknown gene directly affecting backfat thickness, but the analyzed polymorphisms do not influence fatness traits.
Asunto(s)
Tejido Adiposo/fisiología , Proteínas de Unión a Ácidos Grasos/genética , Porcinos/genética , Animales , Secuencia de Bases , ADN/química , ADN/genética , Femenino , Genotipo , Masculino , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa/veterinaria , Polimorfismo de Nucleótido Simple , Mapeo RestrictivoRESUMEN
A 5-year-old Thoroughbred mare was subjected to cytogenetic and molecular analysis because of infertility and masculine behaviour. Chromosome studies, including painting with the whole X chromosome specific probe, revealed a male chromosome complement (64,XY). The PCR amplification of the SRY and ZFY genes showed the presence of both those genes, while the endocrinological study demonstrated a high level of testosterone (9.7 nmol/l). Sequencing of the SRY gene (1121 bp), comprising also 5'- and 3'-UTRs, did not reveal any differences when compared with the sequence of normal stallions. It was proposed that this mare represents the androgen insensitivity syndrome (testicular feminization syndrome).
Asunto(s)
Aberraciones Cromosómicas/veterinaria , Trastornos de los Cromosomas/veterinaria , Enfermedades de los Caballos/genética , Cromosoma X/genética , Animales , Trastornos de los Cromosomas/genética , Análisis Citogenético/veterinaria , Femenino , Genes sry/genética , Genitales Femeninos/anomalías , Enfermedades de los Caballos/sangre , Caballos , Análisis de Secuencia de ADN/veterinaria , Conducta Sexual Animal/fisiología , Testosterona/sangreRESUMEN
New molecular techniques focused on genome analysis open new possibilities for complex evaluation of economically important traits in farm animals. Milk production traits are typical quantitative characteristics controlled by a number of genes. Mutations in their sequences may alter animal performance as well as their breeding values. In this study, we investigated the effect of 3 restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLP): HphI, Kpn2I, and Sau3AI in the leptin gene, on bull breeding values for milk, fat, and protein yield, and fat and protein content. One hundred seventeen Polish Black and White AI bulls were genotyped. Pedigree analysis indicated a relatively close relationship between the bulls. Statistical analysis indicated that the HphI polymorphism has a significant effect on milk and protein yield. Animals with the TT genotype had approximately 2x higher estimated breeding values for milk and protein yields. No effect was found for the other 2 polymorphisms.
Asunto(s)
Bovinos/genética , Lactancia/genética , Leptina/genética , Proteínas de la Leche/biosíntesis , Leche/química , Polimorfismo Genético , Animales , Cruzamiento , Bovinos/fisiología , Femenino , Genotipo , Lactancia/fisiología , Masculino , Leche/metabolismo , Proteínas de la Leche/genéticaRESUMEN
Aim of the work was estimation of Tissue Polypeptide Antigen (TPA) concentrations in serum and qualification its diagnostic value in patients with malignant neoplasm of head and neck in dependence from presence of metastasis to regional lymph nodes. The study comprised the group of 146 persons (108 with head and neck malignant neoplasm, 38 of persons determined group supervisory). At 35 ill one ascertained metastasis to lymph nodes. In presented work at ill without metastasis to lymphatic glands sensitivity of test TPA carried out 28.8%, and at ill with metastasis 42.9%, attaining 66.7% at ill from N3. One showed, that concentrations TPA grow together from spreading of neoplasm in lymph nodes, and presence of metastasis correlates with concentrations of TPA.
Asunto(s)
Biomarcadores de Tumor/sangre , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/sangre , Neoplasias de Cabeza y Cuello/sangre , Antígeno Polipéptido de Tejido/sangre , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/secundario , Femenino , Neoplasias de Cabeza y Cuello/patología , Humanos , Metástasis Linfática , Masculino , Persona de Mediana EdadRESUMEN
A 45-year-old male, with symptoms of many years standing of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease, was subjected, under general anaesthesia, to laparoscopic fundoplication. Tracheal intubation yielded no problems but great difficulties were encountered during tube insertion into the oesophagus. After surgery, aphonia developed. Laryngological examination demonstrated paralysis of the left vocal cord. Voice strength returned to the pre-operative status after 3 months, and laryngological examination confirmed normal mobility of both cords. The possible cause of the complication was damage to the left recurrent laryngeal nerve which occurred during insertion of the tube into the oesophagus. Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease causing 'acid laryngitis' can create conditions favouring this type of complication.
Asunto(s)
Hernia Hiatal/complicaciones , Laparoscopía/efectos adversos , Parálisis de los Pliegues Vocales/etiología , Esófago , Fundoplicación/efectos adversos , Fundoplicación/métodos , Reflujo Gastroesofágico/cirugía , Humanos , Complicaciones Intraoperatorias , Intubación/efectos adversos , Intubación Intratraqueal , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Traumatismos del Nervio Laríngeo RecurrenteRESUMEN
The authors present the method of combined treatment of rhinophyma (surgery and laser CO2). The advantages of this method are good cosmetic result, small intraoperative bleeding and short time of healing the wound.
Asunto(s)
Dióxido de Carbono/uso terapéutico , Terapia por Láser , Rinofima/cirugía , Anciano , Humanos , Masculino , Monitoreo Intraoperatorio , Cicatrización de HeridasRESUMEN
The authors described the application of facial bone scintigraphy in 6 patients with acute and 47 patients with chronic sinusitis, 4 patients with cyst of maxillary sinus, 4 patients with sinus maxillary neoplasm and 4 patients with pyocele of frontal sinus. Facial bone scintigraphy was performed by gamma-camera Siemens Gammasonics ZLC-750 after intravenous administration of 15 mCi of 99mTcMDP in anteroposterior projection. The index of accumulation of the tracer (JAT) in maxillary sinus region was counted separately in men and in women in the reference group. In patients with purulent sinusitis marked JAT was predominated. Correlation between JAT and symptoms and rhinological signs has been shown in patients with chronic purulent sinusitis. In patients with sinus maxillary neoplasm high JAT was predominated.
Asunto(s)
Huesos Faciales/diagnóstico por imagen , Enfermedades Maxilares/diagnóstico por imagen , Neoplasias Maxilares/diagnóstico por imagen , Adulto , Anciano , Enfermedad Crónica , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Enfermedades Maxilares/metabolismo , Neoplasias Maxilares/metabolismo , Persona de Mediana Edad , Cintigrafía , Radiofármacos/metabolismoRESUMEN
The authors described a case of parapharyngeal space pleomorphic adenoma in a 22-year-old patient. The excision of the tumor through the mouth, without cutting up the jaw bone, turned out safe and radical.
Asunto(s)
Adenoma Pleomórfico/diagnóstico , Neoplasias de las Glándulas Salivales/diagnóstico , Adenoma Pleomórfico/cirugía , Adulto , Angiografía , Humanos , Masculino , Neoplasias de las Glándulas Salivales/cirugía , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos XRESUMEN
The study presents rare neoplasms of larynx. The authors introduce epidemiology, clinical history and medical treatment in two cases of adenocarcinoma and one case of sarcoma. The authors call attention to high malignancy of tumors, early metastases to neck lymph nodes and distant metastases.
Asunto(s)
Adenocarcinoma/terapia , Neoplasias Laríngeas/terapia , Sarcoma/terapia , Anciano , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana EdadRESUMEN
The authors present the case of 67 years old male with carcinoma of larynx and hypopharynx. The tumor was resected by total laryngectomy enlarged by partial resection of hypopharynx and esophagus. The reconstruction of hypopharynx and esophagus was made using deltopectoral flap because with a successful effect.
Asunto(s)
Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/cirugía , Esófago/cirugía , Neoplasias Hipofaríngeas/cirugía , Neoplasias Laríngeas/cirugía , Laringectomía , Músculo Esquelético/trasplante , Anciano , Humanos , MasculinoRESUMEN
The authors described 3 cases of adenoma polymorphic located in other than major salivary gland sitea.
Asunto(s)
Adenoma Pleomórfico/cirugía , Neoplasias de las Glándulas Salivales/cirugía , Adenoma Pleomórfico/diagnóstico , Adulto , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Neoplasias de las Glándulas Salivales/diagnósticoRESUMEN
In paper authors presented own material of performed in the years 1991-1996 in Clinic of Otolaryngology Central Clinical Hospital Military School of Medicine microsurgical operations of larynx (classic and laser). The authors postulate that indications for clinical diagnostic and therapeutic procedures should be considerably extended in diseases of larynx. This operating technique considerably shorten hospitalization period of patients and significantly contribute to an increase of percentage of early diagnoses of cancer of the larynx.