RESUMEN
The study covered the children living in Miasteczko Slaskie, near the largest Zn plant in Poland. This is one of the areas highly contaminated with heavy metals. The subjects were 158 children aged from 8 to 15 (98 boys and 60 girls). The average Pb and Cd levels in the hair of the entire children population was 8.21 +/- 5.59 microg/g, and 0.91 +/- 0.61 microg/g, and the average Pb and Cd levels in their blood were 14.32 +/- 3.98 and 0.52 +/- 0.24 microg/dL(-1), respectively. The children population under investigation was divided according to their sex. The hair of the girls contained, on the average, 5.06 +/- 2.81 microg/g of Pb and 0.74 +/- 0.48 microg/g of Cd and the hair of the boys 10.14 +/- 6.0 microg/g of Pb and 1.01 +/- 0.65 microg/g of Cd. The blood of the girls contained, on the average, 13.23 +/- 4.23 microg/dL of Pb and 0.48 +/- 0.21 microg/dL of Cd, and the blood of the boys 14.99 +/- 3.68 microg/dL of Pb and 0.55 +/- 0.24 microg/dL of Cd. Thus, both the hair and blood of the boys accumulated more Pb and Cd than those of the girls. A correlation between the concentrations of these metals was confirmed.
Asunto(s)
Cadmio/análisis , Contaminación Ambiental , Cabello/química , Industrias , Plomo/análisis , Suelo/análisis , Oligoelementos/análisis , Adolescente , Cadmio/sangre , Niño , Femenino , Humanos , Plomo/sangre , Masculino , Polonia , Contaminantes del Suelo/análisis , Oligoelementos/sangreRESUMEN
Hair zinc, copper, lead and cadmium concentrations were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry in children aged 10-11 years. The studied children, 30 boys and 39 girls, lived in the most polluted district of the town of Chorzów. The mean Zn content in the hair of the children was 173.86 micrograms/g. Girls had significantly higher levels of Zn in their hair than boys (182.32 and 154.11 micrograms/g respectively, p = 0.02). The mean Cu concentration in the hair of the children was 12.57 micrograms/g. For girls, the mean Cu concentration was significantly higher than for boys (13.53 and 11.77 micrograms/g). The mean Pb content in the hair of children was 4.41 micrograms/g. Boys had almost twice the level of Pb in their hair than girls (6.15 and 3.57 micrograms/g respectively, p = 0.002). The mean Cd concentration in hair of children was 0.53 micrograms/g). For boys the mean Cd concentration was not significantly higher than for girls (0.91 and 0.44 micrograms/g).
Asunto(s)
Cadmio/análisis , Cabello/química , Plomo/análisis , Zinc/análisis , Niño , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Polonia , Espectrofotometría AtómicaRESUMEN
In an attempt to test null hypothesis (Ho): that prenatal lead exposure does not increase the risk of prematurity and the delivery of SGA infants, a case-control study was performed in four hospitals of Southern Poland (Kraków, Rabka, Limanowa, Zakopane). Lead content was determined in maternal and cord blood as well as in head and pubic hair by the GF AAS (Perkin Elmer). A significant interregional variation of lead content in maternal blood was observed. Lead concentration in maternal and cord blood was significantly higher in the group of mothers of SGA newborns when compared to the controls. This was not the case with respect to the mothers of preterm infants. Also, the comparison of lead concentration in head and pubic hair revealed no statistically significant case-control differences. For a combined population of cases and controls, a significant gradient of lead concentration between maternal and cord blood was demonstrated. The correlation between lead content in different body compartments was observed. Conclusions. Different blood lead levels observed in mothers from four hospitals suggest different exposure. Higher lead concentration in maternal blood was associated with an increased risk of the delivery of SGA infant.
Asunto(s)
Contaminantes Atmosféricos/sangre , Monitoreo del Ambiente , Plomo/sangre , Exposición Materna , Resultado del Embarazo , Efectos Tardíos de la Exposición Prenatal , Adulto , Contaminantes Atmosféricos/efectos adversos , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Intervalos de Confianza , Femenino , Sangre Fetal/química , Cabello/química , Humanos , Recién Nacido , Plomo/efectos adversos , Embarazo , Estadísticas no ParamétricasRESUMEN
A study has been performed to identify the exposure to toxic metals and possible adverse effects in children from various rural and industrial areas in southern Poland. The population studied consisted of school children of age 7-12. The concentrations of Pb and Cd were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry. The mean Pb and Cd content in the hair of the sampled individuals was found to be 4.85 +/- 5.91 micrograms g-1 and 0.430 +/- 0.569 micrograms g-1, respectively. The hair of boys (particularly those living in the areas of greater industrial contamination) exhibited statistically significant higher levels of Pb and Cd than the hair of girls from the same area. No relationship was revealed between metal content and either anthropometric indices (weight : height ratio or height : age ratio) or educational achievements.
Asunto(s)
Cadmio/análisis , Cabello/química , Plomo/análisis , Espectrofotometría Atómica , Niño , Exposición a Riesgos Ambientales , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Polonia , Valores de ReferenciaRESUMEN
The zinc content in the hair of 654 children living in various rural and industrial areas in southern Poland was assayed by means of the atomic absorption spectrometry, following the dry digestion procedure. The hair of girls exhibited statistically significant higher level of Zn than the boys' hair, although in the site of extremal Zn contamination, the inverse relation was found.