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Background: Recurrent episode of allergic rhinitis (AR) is one of the leading illnesses that affects patients. However, there is little research evidence to support pharmacotherapy for AR recurrence. Therefore, this study was designed to explore the efficacy of pharmacotherapy in the control of the recurrence of AR. Methods: In this study, a multicenter, open-label, randomized, and parallel-arm trial will be conducted at three study centers. A total of 190 subjects aged 18-65 with persistent and moderate-severe AR (Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome) will be randomly assigned to receive the modified Yupingfeng nasal spray or mometasone furoate aqueous nasal spray. When subjects' rhinitis control assessment test (RCAT) score is >21 for two weeks, they will stop taking the medication and enter the follow-up. Once a relapse occurs, the time point will be recorded, and the follow-up stops. The primary outcome is the six-month recurrence rate of AR after intervention withdrawal. The secondary outcomes are the one-month recurrence rate of AR, the RCAT score, the duration of follow-up, the duration of medication, the nasal endoscopic results, and questionnaires to evaluate symptoms, signs, and quality of life. The mechanism outcomes include some indicators that may be associated with AR recurrence. In addition, electrocardiograms and other safety indicators will be applied to evaluate the drug's safety. Discussion. This is the first study to explore the efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine nasal spray on AR from the perspective of controlling recurrence. The results of this trial may provide valuable clinical evidence for controlling the recurrence of this disease by pharmacotherapy. Trial Registration. This study was registered with registration number ChiCTR2100047053 (Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=127432 on June 7, 2021).

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BACKGROUND: Sudden hearing loss (SHL) is a disease, at the same time a symptom, which needs to be treated in a timely manner and counts as an emergency health problem in the Department of Otolaryngology. There are many types of sudden hearing loss and among them, the occurrence of all-frequency descending sudden hearing loss and high frequency sudden hearing loss are high. The conventional treatment for these 2 types of sudden hearing loss sometimes is not as effective as expected. Postauricular injection of glucocorticoids could be the most effective treatment method. However, the effectiveness and safety of postauricular injection of glucocorticoid needs to be assessed systematically. METHODS: The protocol for the meta-analysis was conducted under the guidance of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P). The aim is to undertake a systematic review and meta-analysis on the effectiveness and safety of postauricular injection of glucocorticoid to treat patient diagnosed with all-frequency and high frequency descending sudden hearing loss. We searched through the following databases: English databases (PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science) and Chinese databases (CNKI, Wanfang databases, CBM, VIP). The final selected articles will be evaluated using Cochrane RCT evaluation criteria. Revman 5.0 will be used for data analysis. Subgroup analysis, sensitivity analysis, and meta regression will detect sources of heterogeneity. Ethics approval was not required for this protocol. The findings will be disseminated through journal articles or conference presentations. OSF REGISTRATION NUMBER: DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/5Q9NA. RESULTS: Objectively, evaluate the efficacy and safety of postauricular injection of glucocorticoid in treating all-frequency descending sudden hearing loss and high frequency sudden hearing loss. CONCLUSION: To provide evidence-based medicine for glucocorticoid treatment methods in patients with all-frequency descending sudden hearing loss and high frequency descending hearing loss.

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BACKGROUND: Sudden hearing loss is an emergency health problem in the Department of Otolaryngology that must be treated in a timely manner, or may cause lifelong regrets. The application of postauricular injection of glucocorticoid is a popular treatment to recover patients hearing level in recent years. However, the effectiveness and safety of postauricular injection of glucocorticoid needs to be assessed systematically. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: The purpose of the study is to undertake a systematic review and meta-analysis on the effectiveness and safety of postauricular injection of glucocorticoid to treat patient diagnosed with sudden hearing loss. We will search the following databases from the date of publication to July 1, 2020: PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wanfang databases, the Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), the Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Database (VIP) and the Chinese Cochrane Centre's Clinical Trial Registry Platform. Observational studies regarding the association between postauricular injection of glucocorticoid and sudden hearing loss were written in English and Chinese were included. RevManV.5.3 software will be used for meta-analysis. According to the heterogeneity of the research results, fixed effects model, random effects model, subgroup analysis, sensitivity analysis, and others will be used. Ethics approval was not required for this protocol. The findings will be disseminated through journal articles and conference presentations. RESULTS: Objectively, evaluate the efficacy and safety of postauricular injection of glucocorticoid for sudden hearing loss. CONCLUSION: To provide evidence-based medicine for glucocorticoid treatment methods in patients with sudden hearing loss. OSF REGISTRATION NUMBER: DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/N5RV3.

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INTRODUCTION: Recurrent tonsillitis (RT) is often treated with antibiotic therapy and surgery. Although these treatments have advantages, they are also controversial. The purpose of this study is to analyze the safety and effectiveness of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) cauterization in the treatment of RT, so as to provide an alternative for the clinicians and to cover the shortage of therapeutic methods. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: This protocol is guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) and by the Cochrane Collaboration Handbook. We will formulate strict inclusion and exclusion criteria in English databases (PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science), Chinese databases (CNKI, Wanfang databases, CBM, and VIP), and search literatures in different clinical registration platforms (Cochrane Library, Chinese Cochrane Centre's Clinical Trial Registry Platform). The included articles will be evaluated using Cochrane RCT evaluation criteria. Stata 15.0 will be used for data analysis. Subgroup analysis, sensitivity analysis, and meta-regression will detect sources of heterogeneity. Egger's Test or Begg's Test will detect publication bias quantitatively. CONCLUSION: Cauterization can effectively control the recurrence of tonsillitis through clinical trials, but evidence-based medicine needs to be adopted to provide strong evidence for its effectiveness. The purpose of our research is to provide the evidence. OSF REGISTRATION NUMBER: DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/PZ69Q.

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