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ABSTRACT Introduction: The psychological state generates great effects on the athletes' results. Adequate psychological preparation in sports before competitions is fundamental for good performance. The high jump athlete tends to strengthen his physical training during pre-competition practice. However, due to the difficulty of psychological control, emotional variations may occur that significantly limit the technical level of his presentation. Objective: Analyze the psychological training program of college high jumpers on physical fitness and competition performance. Methods: The physical fitness and competition situation of 22 college high jumpers in track and field are discussed. In this paper, 11 cases were randomly selected as the experimental group, and the remaining 11 cases were used as a control group. There was no involvement in directed mental training. The control group received regular exercise training, while the experimental group had regular physical training accompanied by directed psychological training. The fitness and competition results in both groups of athletes before and after the test were evaluated statistically. results: There was a significant difference in presentation performance between the experimental and control groups (P<0.05). Improvements in physical performance were significant in the experimental group. Conclusion: Strengthening psychological training in athletes proved to be a critical factor in improving competition effectiveness. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.
RESUMO Introdução: O estado psicológico gera grandes efeitos no resultado dos atletas. A preparação psicológica adequada no esporte antes das competições é fundamental para um bom desempenho. O esportista de salto alto tende a fortalecer seu treinamento físico durante a prática pré-competição, porém, devido à dificuldade do controle psicológico, podem ocorrer variações emocionais que limitem significativamente o nível técnico na sua apresentação. Objetivo: Analisar o programa de treinamento psicológico dos saltadores de salto alto universitário sobre a aptidão física e o desempenho na competição. Métodos: Discute-se a qualidade física e a situação da competição de 22 saltadores universitários de salto alto de atletismo. Neste trabalho, 11 casos foram selecionados aleatoriamente como grupo experimental, e os 11 casos restantes foram utilizados como grupo de controle. Não houve envolvimento em treinamento mental direcionado. O grupo de controle recebeu treinamento de exercício regular enquanto o grupo experimental fez treinamento físico regular acompanhado de treinamento psicológico direcionado. Os resultados da aptidão física e da competição nos dois grupos de atletas antes e depois do teste foram avaliados estatisticamente. Resultados: Houve uma diferença significativa no desempenho da apresentação entre os grupos experimental e de controle (P<0,05). As melhorias no desempenho físico foram significativas no grupo experimental. Conclusão: O fortalecimento do treinamento psicológico nos atletas revelou-se um fator crítico para melhorar a eficácia na competição. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação dos resultados do tratamento.
RESUMEN Introducción: El estado psicológico genera grandes efectos en los resultados de los deportistas. La adecuada preparación psicológica en el deporte antes de las competiciones es fundamental para un buen rendimiento. El atleta de salto de altura tiende a reforzar su entrenamiento físico durante la práctica previa a la competición, sin embargo, debido a la dificultad del control psicológico, pueden producirse variaciones emocionales que limiten significativamente el nivel técnico en su presentación. Objetivo: Analizar el programa de entrenamiento psicológico de los saltadores de altura universitarios sobre la aptitud física y el rendimiento en la competición. Métodos: Se analiza la aptitud física y la situación de competición de 22 saltadores de altura universitarios en atletismo. En este trabajo, se seleccionaron al azar 11 casos como grupo experimental, y los 11 casos restantes se utilizaron como grupo de control. No hubo participación en el entrenamiento mental dirigido. El grupo de control recibió un entrenamiento regular de ejercicios, mientras que el grupo experimental realizó un entrenamiento físico regular acompañado de un entrenamiento psicológico dirigido. Se evaluaron estadísticamente los resultados de aptitud física y de competición en ambos grupos de atletas antes y después de las pruebas. Resultados: Hubo una diferencia significativa en el rendimiento de la presentación entre los grupos experimental y de control (P<0,05). Las mejoras en el rendimiento físico fueron significativas en el grupo experimental. Conclusión: El refuerzo del entrenamiento psicológico en los atletas resultó ser un factor crítico para mejorar la eficacia de la competición. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.
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Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have recently been shown to exert their effects on multiple pathological processes by acting as microRNA (miRNA) sponges. However, the roles of circRNAs in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are largely unknown. This study aimed to identify the circRNAs involved in GDM and predict their potential biological functions. We first performed next-generation sequencing (NGS) to generate unbiased placental villi circRNA expression profiles of GDM and normal controls. In total, 48,270 circRNAs from the placental villi of the two groups were sequenced. Of these, 227 circRNAs were significantly up-regulated and 255 circRNAs were significantly down-regulated. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) biological pathway analyses demonstrated that glycometabolism and lipometabolism processes, which are important in GDM development, were significantly enriched. Further analysis showed that most of the circRNAs harbored miRNA binding sites, and some were associated with GDM. These results showed that circRNAs are aberrantly expressed in the placental villi of GDM patients and play potential roles in the development of GDM.
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Vellosidades Coriónicas/metabolismo , Diabetes Gestacional/genética , Perfilación de la Expresión Génica , ARN/genética , Adulto , Vellosidades Coriónicas/patología , Diabetes Gestacional/patología , Regulación hacia Abajo , Femenino , Ontología de Genes , Redes Reguladoras de Genes , Secuenciación de Nucleótidos de Alto Rendimiento , Humanos , MicroARNs/genética , Embarazo , ARN/análisis , ARN Circular , Regulación hacia ArribaRESUMEN
Zika virus (ZIKV) has evolved from an overlooked mosquito-borne flavivirus into a global health threat due to its astonishing causal link to microcephaly and other disorders. ZIKV has been shown to infect neuronal progenitor cells of the fetal mouse brain, which is comparable to the first-trimester human fetal brain, and result in microcephaly. However, whether there are different effects between the contemporary ZIKV strain and its ancestral strain in the neonatal mouse brain, which is comparable with the second-trimester human fetal brain, is unclear. Here we adopted a mouse model which enables us to study the postnatal effect of ZIKV infection. We show that even 100 pfu of ZIKV can replicate and infect neurons and oligodendrocytes in most parts of the brain. Compared with the ancestral strain from Cambodia (CAM/2010), infection of the ZIKV strain from Venezuela (VEN/2016) leads to much more severe microcephaly, accompanied by more neuronal cell death, abolishment of oligodendrocyte development, and a more dramatic immune response. The serious brain damage caused by VEN/2016 infection would be helpful to elucidate why the American strain resulted in severe neurovirulence in infants and will provide clinical guidance for the diagnosis and treatment of infection by different ZIKV strains.