RESUMEN
Leaf senescence and abscission in autumn are critical phenological events in deciduous woody perennials. After leaf fall, dormant buds remain on deciduous woody perennials, which then enter a winter dormancy phase. Thus, leaf fall is widely believed to be linked to the onset of dormancy. In Rosaceae fruit trees, DORMANCY-ASSOCIATED MADS-box (DAM) transcription factors control bud dormancy. However, apart from their regulatory effects on bud dormancy, the biological functions of DAMs have not been thoroughly characterized. In this study, we revealed a novel DAM function influencing leaf senescence and abscission in autumn. In Prunus mume, PmDAM6 expression was gradually up-regulated in leaves during autumn toward leaf fall. Our comparative transcriptome analysis using two RNA-seq datasets for the leaves of transgenic plants overexpressing PmDAM6 and peach (Prunus persica) DAM6 (PpeDAM6) indicated Prunus DAM6 may up-regulate the expression of genes involved in ethylene biosynthesis and signaling as well as leaf abscission. Significant increases in 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate accumulation and ethylene emission in DEX-treated 35S:PmDAM6-GR leaves reflect the inductive effect of PmDAM6 on ethylene biosynthesis. Additionally, ethephon treatments promoted autumn leaf senescence and abscission in apple and P. mume, mirroring the changes due to PmDAM6 overexpression. Collectively, these findings suggest that PmDAM6 may induce ethylene emission from leaves, thereby promoting leaf senescence and abscission. This study clarified the effects of Prunus DAM6 on autumn leaf fall, which is associated with bud dormancy onset. Accordingly, in Rosaceae, DAMs may play multiple important roles affecting whole plant growth during the tree dormancy induction phase.
Asunto(s)
Etilenos , Regulación de la Expresión Génica de las Plantas , Hojas de la Planta , Proteínas de Plantas , Senescencia de la Planta , Plantas Modificadas Genéticamente , Prunus , Prunus/genética , Prunus/crecimiento & desarrollo , Prunus/fisiología , Hojas de la Planta/genética , Hojas de la Planta/crecimiento & desarrollo , Proteínas de Plantas/genética , Proteínas de Plantas/metabolismo , Etilenos/metabolismo , Senescencia de la Planta/genética , Latencia en las Plantas/genética , Reguladores del Crecimiento de las Plantas/metabolismo , Proteínas de Dominio MADS/genética , Proteínas de Dominio MADS/metabolismo , Estaciones del Año , Prunus persica/genética , Prunus persica/crecimiento & desarrollo , Prunus persica/metabolismoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Brain acid soluble protein 1 (BASP1) is identified as a novel potential tumor suppressor in several cancers. However, its role in thyroid cancer has not been investigated yet. In the present study, the antitumor activities of BASP1 against the growth and migration of thyroid cancer cells were evaluated. METHODS: BASP1 expression in thyroid cancer tissues and normal tissues were examined by immunohistochemical staining and the association between its expression and prognosis was analyzed. pcDNA-BASP1 carrying full length of BASP1 cDNA was constructed to restore the expression of BASP1 in thyroid cancer cell lines (BHT-101 and KMH-2). The cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo was evaluated by WST-1 assay and xenograft tumor models, respectively. Cell cycle distribution after transfection was analyzed using flow cytometry. Cell apoptosis after transfection was examined by annexin V/propidium iodide assay. The migration was examined using transwell assay. RESULTS: BASP1 expression was abundant in normal tissues while it is significantly decreased in cancer tissues (P = 0.000). pcDNA-BASP1 restored the expression of BASP1 and significantly inhibited the growth of BHT-101 and KMH-2 cells as well as xenograft tumors in nude mice (P = 0.000). pcDNA-BASP1 induced G1 arrest and apoptosis in BHT-101 and KMH-2 cells. In addition, pcDNA-BASP1 significantly inhibited the cell migration. CONCLUSIONS: Downregulation of BASP1 expression may play a role in the tumorigenesis of thyroid cancer. Restoration of BASP1 expression exerted extensive antitumor activities against growth and migration of thyroid cancer cells, which suggested that BASP1 gene might act as a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of thyroid cancer.
Asunto(s)
Proteínas de la Membrana/metabolismo , Proteínas del Tejido Nervioso/metabolismo , Proteínas Represoras/metabolismo , Neoplasias de la Tiroides/metabolismo , Anciano , Animales , Apoptosis/genética , Apoptosis/fisiología , Proteínas de Unión a Calmodulina/genética , Proteínas de Unión a Calmodulina/metabolismo , Ciclo Celular/genética , Ciclo Celular/fisiología , Línea Celular Tumoral , Movimiento Celular/genética , Movimiento Celular/fisiología , Proliferación Celular/genética , Proliferación Celular/fisiología , Proteínas del Citoesqueleto/genética , Proteínas del Citoesqueleto/metabolismo , Femenino , Regulación Neoplásica de la Expresión Génica/genética , Regulación Neoplásica de la Expresión Génica/fisiología , Humanos , Masculino , Proteínas de la Membrana/genética , Ratones , Ratones Desnudos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Proteínas del Tejido Nervioso/genética , Proteínas Represoras/genética , Neoplasias de la Tiroides/patología , Ensayos Antitumor por Modelo de XenoinjertoRESUMEN
Expression changes of somatostatin receptor subtypes (SSTRs) including SSTR1, SSTR2, SSTR3, SSTR4 and SSTR5 in the development of gallbladder cancer were assessed with attention to relationships with clinical pathological characteristics. SSTRs in 29 gallbladder cancer and 25 normal gallbladder tissue specimens were examined by immunohistochemical staining. Differences between SSTRs expressions and clinical pathological parameters were analyzed by chi-square test. The five subtypes of SSTR were all expressed in gallbladder cancer tissues and SSTR3 presented the highest expression. SSTR5 expression was increased significantly in gallbladder cancer (P<0.05) compared with that in normal gallbladder tissue. SSTR3 expression in highly and moderately differentiated gallbladder cancer was significantly higher than that in poorly differentiated lesions (P<0.05). SSTR4 expression was lower in gallbladder cancer with lymph node metastasis than that in gallbladder cancer without lymph node metastasis (P<0.05). Therfore, these results indicated that SSRT5, SSTR3 and SSTR4 may play important roles in the formation and development of gallbladder cancer.
Asunto(s)
Biomarcadores de Tumor/metabolismo , Neoplasias de la Vesícula Biliar/metabolismo , Neoplasias Hepáticas/metabolismo , Receptores de Somatostatina/metabolismo , Adenocarcinoma/metabolismo , Adenocarcinoma/patología , Adenocarcinoma Mucinoso/metabolismo , Adenocarcinoma Mucinoso/patología , Adenocarcinoma Papilar/metabolismo , Adenocarcinoma Papilar/patología , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Vesícula Biliar/metabolismo , Vesícula Biliar/patología , Neoplasias de la Vesícula Biliar/patología , Humanos , Técnicas para Inmunoenzimas , Neoplasias Hepáticas/secundario , Metástasis Linfática , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estadificación de Neoplasias , PronósticoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND/AIMS: It remains unknown whether transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEMS) is superior to laparoscopic lower anterior resection (LAR) for the treatment of rectal cancer. This study aimed to compare the surgical and oncological effectiveness as well as safety of TEMS and LAR in T1-2 rectal cancer patients. METHODOLOGY: T1-2N0 rectal cancer patients were prospectively and randomly assigned to local excision using TEMS (n=30) or radical resection using LAR (n=30). The primary outcome measures were postoperative recovery course. RESULTS: The operative duration of TEMS was significantly shorter than that of LAR (130.3±16.7 minutes vs. 198.7±16.8 minutes, p<0.01). The TEMS group restarted bowel movement significantly earlier than the LAR group (51.4±5.4h vs. 86.2±8.7h, p<0.01). The postoperative complications were mild and self-limited in the 2 groups. Local recurrences occurred in 2 T2 patients (2/28, 7.1%) at 8 months and 16 months following TEMS, respectively; no patient (0/30, 0.0%) developed local recurrence following LAR. CONCLUSIONS: TEMS was associated with more rapid postoperative recovery and minimal surgical morbidity in T1-2 rectal cancer patients as compared to LAR.