RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: Increasing evidence demonstrates that immune signature plays an important role in the prognosis of gastric cancer (GC). We aimed to develop and validate a robust immune-related gene pair (IRGP) signature for predicting the prognosis of GC patients. METHODS: RNA-Seq data and corresponding clinical information of GC cohort were downloaded from the TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas Program) data portal. GSE84437 and GSE15459 microarray datasets were included as independent external cohorts. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis was used to build the best prognostic signature. All patients were classified into the high immune-risk and low immune-risk groups via the optimal cut-off of the signature scores determined by time-dependent receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. The prognostic role of the signature was measured by a log-rank test and a Cox proportional hazard regression model. RESULTS: 14 immune gene pairs consisting of 25 unique genes were identified to construct the immune prognostic signature. High immune-risk groups showed poor prognosis in the TCGA datasets and GSE84437 datasets as well as in the GSE15459 datasets (all P < 0.001). The 14-IRGP signature was an independent prognostic factor of GC after adjusting for other clinical factors (P < 0.05). Functional analysis revealed that DNA integrity checkpoint, DNA replication, T-cell receptor signaling pathway, and B-cell receptor signaling pathway were enriched in the low immune-risk groups. B cells naive and Monocytes were significantly higher in the high-risk group, and B-cell memory and T-cell CD4 memory activated were significantly higher in the low-risk group. The prognostic signature based on IRGP reflected infiltration by several types of immune cells. CONCLUSION: The novel proposed clinical-immune signature is a promising biomarker for prediction overall survival in patients with GC and providing new insights into the treatment strategies.

Asunto(s)

Neoplasias Gástricas/genética , Neoplasias Gástricas/inmunología , Biomarcadores de Tumor/inmunología , Biomarcadores de Tumor/metabolismo , Replicación del ADN , Bases de Datos Genéticas , Bases de Datos de Ácidos Nucleicos , Conjuntos de Datos como Asunto , Expresión Génica , Humanos , Memoria Inmunológica , Linfocitos Infiltrantes de Tumor , Pronóstico , Modelos de Riesgos Proporcionales , Curva ROC , Receptores de Antígenos de Linfocitos B/metabolismo , Receptores de Antígenos de Linfocitos T/metabolismo , Análisis de Regresión , Neoplasias Gástricas/mortalidad

RESUMEN

This study was aimed to investigate the effect of green tea extract (GTE) combined with brisk walking on lipid profiles and the liver function in overweight and obese men. Twenty-four participants were randomized to either the GTE group or the placebo group for 12 weeks with a 4-week follow-up. The walking program consisted of four 60-min-sessions/week and all participants were asked to consume two GTE (150mg) or placebo tablets daily. After 12-week intervention, GTE group resulted in a significant difference in the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and total cholesterol (TC) levels when compared to placebo group (P < 0.01). There was also a significant reduction in the aspartate aminotransferase levels (P < 0.01) in the GTE group, but no change in the placebo group (P >0.05). There was no change in the triglyceride or high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels in the placebo group, but a significant reduction was noted in the HDL-C levels in the GTE group (P < 0.05). GTE combined with brisk walking resulted in a significant change in the LDL-C and TC levels, however, a significant reduce in HDL-C in the GTE group. The study has a more positive effect on the liver function than brisk walking alone.

Asunto(s)

Catequina , Caminata , Humanos , Lípidos , Hígado , Masculino , Obesidad/tratamiento farmacológico , Sobrepeso/tratamiento farmacológico , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Té

RESUMEN

ABSTRACT A complete linkage disequilibrium between the SNP (SNP B) in BCDO2 gene and the yellow skin phenotype in European domestic chicken has been reported. Here, we genotyped the reported SNPs (SNP A, SNP B, and SNP C) of the BCDO2 gene in 183 Chinese Indigenous chickens from 11 breeds/populations, including 57 yellow, 17 white, and 109 black skin chickens. The frequency of all three SNPs were significantly different between yellow and white skin chickens (p 0.01). In black skin chickens, a high frequency of the heterozygous genotype (AG) in SNP A (0.51) and SNP B (0.48) was observed. A total of three haplotypes (AAA, AGA, and GAA) from these three SNPs were obtained. Frequencies of the proposed yellow skin-associated haplotype AGA in yellow skin, white skin, and black skin chickens were 0.81, 0.35, and 0.56, respectively. The results showed that the yellow skin phenotype of the evaluated birds has not been under selection, and that the BCDO2 gene in black skin chickens, evolutionally may undergo a transition phase from yellow to white skin chicken. We concluded that, the SNPs of BCDO2 gene not only can be used to determine whether the chicken was subjected to selection, but may also be used as a marker when selecting for the preferred skin color in chicken breeding programs.

Asunto(s)

Animales , Aves de Corral/anatomía & histología , Aves de Corral/genética , Polimorfismo de Nucleótido Simple/genética

RESUMEN

ABSTRACT A complete linkage disequilibrium between the SNP (SNP B) in BCDO2 gene and the yellow skin phenotype in European domestic chicken has been reported. Here, we genotyped the reported SNPs (SNP A, SNP B, and SNP C) of the BCDO2 gene in 183 Chinese Indigenous chickens from 11 breeds/populations, including 57 yellow, 17 white, and 109 black skin chickens. The frequency of all three SNPs were significantly different between yellow and white skin chickens (p 0.01). In black skin chickens, a high frequency of the heterozygous genotype (AG) in SNP A (0.51) and SNP B (0.48) was observed. A total of three haplotypes (AAA, AGA, and GAA) from these three SNPs were obtained. Frequencies of the proposed yellow skin-associated haplotype AGA in yellow skin, white skin, and black skin chickens were 0.81, 0.35, and 0.56, respectively. The results showed that the yellow skin phenotype of the evaluated birds has not been under selection, and that the BCDO2 gene in black skin chickens, evolutionally may undergo a transition phase from yellow to white skin chicken. We concluded that, the SNPs of BCDO2 gene not only can be used to determine whether the chicken was subjected to selection, but may also be used as a marker when selecting for the preferred skin color in chicken breeding programs.(AU)

Asunto(s)

Animales , Aves de Corral/anatomía & histología , Aves de Corral/genética , Polimorfismo de Nucleótido Simple/genética

RESUMEN

Increasing evidence suggests that the cerebrospinal fluid-contacting nucleus (CSF-contacting nucleus) mediates the transduction and regulation of pain signals. However, the precise molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Studies show that release of fractalkine (FKN) from neurons plays a critical role in nerve injury-related pain. We tested the hypothesis that release of FKN from the CSF-contacting nucleus regulates neuropathic pain, in a chronic constriction injury rat model. The results show that FKN is expressed by neurons, via expression of its only receptor CX3CR1 in the microglia. The levels of soluble FKN (sFKN) were markedly upregulated along with the increase in FKN mRNA level in rats subjected to chronic constriction injury. In addition, injection of FKN-neutralizing antibody into the lateral ventricle alleviated neuropathic pain-related behavior followed by reduction in microglial activation in the CSF-contacting nucleus. The results indicate that inhibition of FKN release by the CSF-contacting nucleus may ameliorate neuropathic pain clinically.

Asunto(s)

Núcleo Celular/metabolismo , Líquido Cefalorraquídeo/metabolismo , Quimiocina CX3CL1/metabolismo , Dolor Crónico/metabolismo , Neuralgia/metabolismo , Umbral del Dolor/fisiología , Animales , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Inyecciones Intraventriculares , Masculino , Ratas , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Regulación hacia Arriba

RESUMEN

Expressed sequence tags (ETSs) are the sources of microsatellite development. In this study, we isolated and characterized microsatellite markers for Odontobutis potamophila by using Illumina RNA-sequencing. We sequenced a large number of ESTs and screened 200 potential microsatellites. Consequently, a total of 56 novel polymorphic microsatellite repeat markers were identified in thirty-two individuals from a wild population area (Jiande, Zhejiang Province, China). The number of alleles per locus varied from two to eight, the observed heterozygosity (HO) ranged from 0.03571 to 0.9375, and the expected heterozygosity (HE) ranged from 0.14326 to 0.81549. The average number of alleles, HO, and HE were 5.0, 0.4467, and 0.5518, respectively. By the calculation, the range of polymorphism information content (PIC) was 0.1177-0.8492. Most of the loci showed moderate or high polymorphism. These newly developed EST-simple sequence repeat (EST-SSR) markers would serve as an efficient tool for analyzing population connectivity and provide sufficient information for genetic diversity research, parentage, and molecular breeding of O. potamophila and other fishes with similar genetic relationship.

Asunto(s)

Etiquetas de Secuencia Expresada , Repeticiones de Microsatélite , Perciformes/genética , Transcriptoma , Alelos , Animales , Marcadores Genéticos , Heterocigoto , Polimorfismo Genético

RESUMEN

Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp) are destructive agricultural pests that reduce the productivity of cultivated vegetables worldwide, especially when vegetables are cropped continuously in greenhouses. Cucumbers (Cucumis sativus L.), in particular, suffer extensive damage due to root-knot nematodes, and only a few wild species are known to be resistant. Grafting of cultivated plants to rootstocks of known resistant germplasms could be an effective method to resolve this problem. In this study, 21 cucumber germplasms and seven rootstocks were evaluated for resistance based on the growth of cucumber seedlings and resistance indexes to Meloidogyne incognita, which were surveyed 25 days after inoculation with M. incognita. Cluster analysis and principal component analysis (PCA) were used to investigate the resistance of 21 cucumber germplasms and seven rootstocks based on their growth and resistance indexes after inoculation with M. incognita. These analyses showed that the 21 germplasms and seven rootstocks could be divided into three groups based upon their resistance levels: moderately resistant, susceptible, and highly susceptible to M. incognita. All 21 cucumber germplasms exhibited susceptibility or high susceptibility to M. incognita and most rootstocks exhibited moderate resistance. The PCA results were consistent with those of the clustering analysis. The Jinyou No.1 cultivar had the highest resistance to M. incognita among the 21 cucumber germplasms, and Huangzhen No.1 cultivar had the highest resistance among the seven rootstock cultivars.

Asunto(s)

Cucumis/genética , Resistencia a la Enfermedad/genética , Animales , Cucumis/inmunología , Cucumis/parasitología , Variación Genética , Raíces de Plantas/genética , Raíces de Plantas/parasitología , Semillas/genética , Semillas/parasitología , Tylenchoidea/patogenicidad

RESUMEN

Cardiomyocyte apoptosis plays key roles in the pathogenesis of heart diseases such as myocardial infarction. MicroRNAs are important regulators of gene expression, which are also involved in the regulation of cardiomyocyte apoptosis. However, cardiomyocyte apoptosis regulated by microRNA (miR)-122 is largely unexplored. The aim of this study focused on the role of miR-122 in cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Cardiomyocytes were isolated from neonatal mice and primarily cultured. MiR-122 mimic and inhibitor were transfected to cardiomyocytes and verified by qRT-PCR. Cell viability and apoptosis post-transfection were assessed by MTT assay and flow cytometry, respectively. Changes in expression of caspase-8 were quantified by qRT-PCR and western blot. Results showed that miR-122 mimic and inhibitor successfully induced changes in miR-122 levels in cultured cardiomyocytes (P<0.01). MiR-122 overexpression suppressed viability and promoted apoptosis of cardiomyocytes (P<0.05), and miR-122 knockdown promoted cell viability and inhibited apoptosis (P<0.05). The mRNA and protein levels of caspase-8 were elevated by miR-122 overexpression (P<0.01) and reduced by miR-122 knockdown (P<0.001). These results suggest an inductive role of miR-122 in cardiomyocyte apoptosis, which may be related to its regulation on caspase-8.

Asunto(s)

Apoptosis/genética , Caspasa 8/genética , Expresión Génica/genética , MicroARNs/genética , MicroARNs/fisiología , Miocitos Cardíacos/patología , Animales , Animales Recién Nacidos , Expresión Génica/fisiología , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos BALB C

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: Changes in EGFR profiles of non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients correlates to clinical outcome. Extracting quality tumor tissue remains a challenge for molecular profiling. Our study aims to ascertain the clinical relevance of urinary cell free DNA as an alternative tumor material source. METHODS: 150 patients with activating EGFR mutation and received EGFR-TKIs were recruited to participate in the serial monitoring study. Matched primary tumor samples were taken together with blood and urine specimens before the initiation of TKIs. The EGFR mutation testing was performed and quantified using ddPCR. For serial time point measurements, urine and blood samples were extracted at 1-month intervals for duration of 9 months. RESULTS: Urinary ctDNA yielded a close agreement of 88 % on EGFR mutation status when compared to primary tissue at baseline. Almost all samples detected via urine specimens were uncovered in plasma samples. Analysis of urinary cell free DNA at different time points showed a strong correlation to treatment efficacy. Interestingly, a secondary EGFR mutation T790M was detected for 53 % of the patients during monitoring. The results were corroborated with the plasma ctDNA analysis. The T790M+ group had a reduced median survival when compared to the wildtype group. CONCLUSION: Urinary cell free DNA may be a potential alternative to conventional primary tissue based EGFR mutation testing. Our findings showed that the assay sensitivity was comparable to results from blood plasma. Urinary samples being noninvasive and readily available have clinical utility for monitoring of EGFR TKI treatment.

Asunto(s)

Biomarcadores de Tumor/orina , Carcinoma de Pulmón de Células no Pequeñas/orina , ADN de Neoplasias/orina , Receptores ErbB/genética , Mutación/genética , Inhibidores de Proteínas Quinasas/uso terapéutico , Adenocarcinoma/tratamiento farmacológico , Adenocarcinoma/patología , Adenocarcinoma/orina , Carcinoma de Pulmón de Células no Pequeñas/tratamiento farmacológico , Carcinoma de Pulmón de Células no Pequeñas/patología , Estudios de Casos y Controles , ADN de Neoplasias/genética , Receptores ErbB/orina , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Neoplasias Pulmonares/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias Pulmonares/patología , Neoplasias Pulmonares/orina , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estadificación de Neoplasias , Células Neoplásicas Circulantes/efectos de los fármacos , Células Neoplásicas Circulantes/metabolismo , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa , Pronóstico , Tasa de Supervivencia

RESUMEN

Reciprocal translocation is closely associated with male infertility and recurrent miscarriages. Balanced reciprocal translocations associated with reproductive failures are predominantly observed on chromosome 1. Additionally, infertile male patients present a number of breakpoints throughout chromosome 1. A translocation breakpoint might interrupt the structure of an important gene, leading to male infertility. Here, we report the breakpoints on chromosome 1 translocation and the clinical features presented in carriers, to enable informed genetic counseling of these patients. Balanced reciprocal translocations were found in 1.57% of the tested patients. Among 82 patients, 23 patients (28.05%) were carriers of the chromosome 1 translocation: 12 presented pre-gestational infertility with clinical manifestations of azoospermia or oligozoospermia, while 11 patients presented gestational infertility (able to conceive but with a tendency to miscarry or give birth to a stillborn). The breakpoint at 1p22 was predominantly observed in these patients; additionally, breakpoints at 1p31.2, 1p10, and 1q25 were associated with gestational infertility. Breakpoints at 1p13, 1q12, and 1q21 were associated with pre-gestational infertility. These results suggested that breakpoints at 1p32, 1p13, and 1q21 were predominantly associated with pre-gestational infertility, while that at 1q25 was associated with gestational infertility. Chromosome 1 translocation carriers with infertility presenting as azoospermia or oligospermia should be counseled on chromosomal breakpoints and the different molecular technologies available to facilitate reproduction.

Asunto(s)

Cromosomas Humanos Par 1/genética , Asesoramiento Genético , Translocación Genética , Rotura Cromosómica , Heterocigoto , Humanos , Infertilidad Masculina/genética , Cariotipo , Masculino

RESUMEN

The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of vascular adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1 in the maternal serum, cord blood, and placental tissue of pregnant women from Xingtai, Hebei, with gestational hypertension (GH) combined with fetal growth restriction (FGR). A total of 108 patients with GH combined with FGR (GH-FGR), 60 patients with GH alone (GH), and 50 healthy pregnant women (control) were recruited to this study. VCAM- 1 expression was detected in the maternal serum and cord blood by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and in the placental tissue by immunohistochemistry. VCAM-1 expression was significantly higher in the maternal serum of patients with GH-FGR (164.38 ± 60.35) and GH alone (103.85 ± 54.47) than in the serum of the control population (46.70 ± 21.79; P < 0.05). On the other hand, VCAM-1 expression in the cord blood of GH-FGR (163.19 ± 69.46), GH (149.82 ± 58.20), and control (128.89 ± 43.59) subjects was not significantly different (P > 0.05). Moreover, the VCAM-1 expression rates were significantly higher and lower in the vascular endothelial and trophoblastic cells of the placenta of patients with GH-FGR (74.71 and 56.1%) and GH (72.98 and 55.36%), respectively, compared to those in the control subjects (46.48 and 95.11%). Therefore, we concluded that VCAM- 1 plays an important role in the development and generation of GH. Additionally, the low VCAM-1 expression in the trophoblastic cell could be correlated to the pathogenesis and progression of GH.

Asunto(s)

Retardo del Crecimiento Fetal/genética , Hipertensión Inducida en el Embarazo/genética , Molécula 1 de Adhesión Celular Vascular/genética , Adulto , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Células Endoteliales/química , Células Endoteliales/metabolismo , Femenino , Sangre Fetal/química , Sangre Fetal/metabolismo , Retardo del Crecimiento Fetal/sangre , Retardo del Crecimiento Fetal/diagnóstico , Retardo del Crecimiento Fetal/patología , Feto , Expresión Génica , Edad Gestacional , Humanos , Hipertensión Inducida en el Embarazo/sangre , Hipertensión Inducida en el Embarazo/diagnóstico , Hipertensión Inducida en el Embarazo/patología , Embarazo , Trofoblastos/química , Trofoblastos/metabolismo , Molécula 1 de Adhesión Celular Vascular/sangre

RESUMEN

We carried out a hospital-based case-control study to investigate the role of XRCC1 gene Arg399Gln, Arg280His, and Arg194Trp polymorphisms in susceptibility to gastric cancer. A total of 214 gastric cancer patients and 247 control subjects were recruited between March 2013 and March 2015, and polymorphism genotype frequencies were determined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Using the chi-square test, we detected statistically significant differences in age (chi-square = 22.25, P < 0.001), gender (chi-square = 6.74, P = 0.01), and family history of cancer (chi-square = 4.73, P = 0.03) between the case and control groups. Logistic regression analysis revealed that the XRCC1 Arg194Trp TT genotype conferred increased susceptibility to gastric cancer compared to the CC genotype [odds ratio (OR) = 2.38, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.28-4.49]. Moreover, individuals carrying the T allele of this variant were found to be at moderately increased risk of this disease (OR = 1.56, 95%CI = 1.16-2.09). However, the XRCC1 Arg399Gln and Arg280His polymorphisms were shown to have no influence on the development of gastric cancer. In conclusion, we suggest that the XRCC1 gene Arg194Trp polymorphism is associated with gastric cancer susceptibility in the Chinese population.

Asunto(s)

Proteínas de Unión al ADN/genética , Polimorfismo de Nucleótido Simple , Neoplasias Gástricas/genética , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Femenino , Frecuencia de los Genes , Genotipo , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Proteína 1 de Reparación por Escisión del Grupo de Complementación Cruzada de las Lesiones por Rayos X

RESUMEN

Populus cathayana occupies a large area within the northern, central, and southwestern regions of China, and is considered to be an important reforestation species in western China. In order to investigate the population genetic structure of this species, 10 polymorphic microsatellite loci were identified based on expressed sequence tags from de novo sequencing on the Illumina HiSeq 2000 platform. All microsatellite primers were tested on 48 P. cathayana individuals from four locations on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.000 to 1.000, and the null-allele frequency ranged from 0.000 to 0.904. These microsatellite markers may be a useful tool in genetic studies on P. cathayana and closely related species.

Asunto(s)

Etiquetas de Secuencia Expresada , Repeticiones de Microsatélite , Polimorfismo Genético , Populus/genética , Frecuencia de los Genes , Marcadores Genéticos , Heterocigoto

RESUMEN

Clubroot significantly affects plants of the Brassicaceae family and is one of the main diseases causing serious losses in B. napus yield. Few studies have investigated the clubroot-resistance mechanism in B. napus. Identification of clubroot-resistant genes may be used in clubroot-resistant breeding, as well as to elucidate the molecular mechanism behind B. napus clubroot-resistance. We used three B. napus transcriptome samples to construct a transcriptome sequencing library by using Illumina HiSeq™ 2000 sequencing and bioinformatic analysis. In total, 171 million high-quality reads were obtained, containing 96,149 unigenes of N50-value. We aligned the obtained unigenes with the Nr, Swiss-Prot, clusters of orthologous groups, and gene ontology databases and annotated their functions. In the Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes database, 25,033 unigenes (26.04%) were assigned to 124 pathways. Many genes, including broad-spectrum disease-resistance genes, specific clubroot-resistant genes, and genes related to indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) signal transduction, cytokinin synthesis, and myrosinase synthesis in the Huashuang 3 variety of B. napus were found to be related to clubroot-resistance. The effective clubroot-resistance observed in this variety may be due to the induced increased expression of these disease-resistant genes and strong inhibition of the IAA signal transduction, cytokinin synthesis, and myrosinase synthesis. The homology observed between unigenes 0048482, 0061770 and the Crr1 gene shared 94% nucleotide similarity. Furthermore, unigene 0061770 could have originated from an inversion of the Crr1 5'-end sequence.

Asunto(s)

Brassica napus/genética , Resistencia a la Enfermedad/genética , Enfermedades de las Plantas/genética , Secuencia de Bases , Brassica napus/parasitología , Perfilación de la Expresión Génica , Regulación de la Expresión Génica de las Plantas , Ontología de Genes , Genes de Plantas , Interacciones Huésped-Parásitos , Redes y Vías Metabólicas , Anotación de Secuencia Molecular , Enfermedades de las Plantas/parasitología , Raíces de Plantas/genética , Raíces de Plantas/parasitología , Plasmodiophorida/fisiología , Análisis de Secuencia de ARN , Transcriptoma

RESUMEN

In this study, the complete mitochondrial genome sequence of the Liuyang black goat was investigated, and phylogenetic relationships between the Liuyang black goat and other species of Caprinae were analyzed. The total length of the mitochondrial genome was 16,715 bp, which consisted of 33.50% A, 27.27% T, 25.98% C, and 13.25% G. The mitochondrial genome contained a major non-coding control region (D-loop region), two ribosomal RNA genes, 13 protein-coding genes, and 22 transfer RNA genes. Neighbor-joining and maximum-parsimony trees of Caprinae constructed using 13 mitochondrial protein-coding genes showed that the Liuyang black goat is phylogenetically closest to Hemitragus jemlahicus (the Himalayan tahr) and Blue sheep to form clade A. Tibetan antelopes clustered separately in clade B and so did sheep in clade C.

Asunto(s)

Genoma Mitocondrial , Cabras/genética , Animales , Secuencia de Bases , Cartilla de ADN , ADN Mitocondrial/genética , Proteínas Mitocondriales/genética , Filogenia , Rumiantes/genética , Análisis de Secuencia de ADN

RESUMEN

Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is an infectious disease caused by peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV). While PPR mainly affects domestic goats and sheep, it also affects wild ungulates such as ibex, blue sheep, and gazelle, although there are few reports regarding PPRV infection in wild animals. Between January 2015 and February 2015, it was found for the first time that wild ibexes died from PPRV infection in Bazhou, Xinjiang, China, where a total of 38 ibexes (including young and adult ibexes) were found to have died abnormally from PPR-related issues. First, we tested for the presence of the F gene of PPRV by RT-PCR. Then, we compared the sequence of the isolated F gene from the ibex strain, termed PPRV Xinjiang/Ibex/2015, with those previously identified from small domestic ruminants from local areas near where the reported isolate was collected as well as those from other regions. The current sequence was phylogenetically classified as a lineage IV virus, and shared a high level of sequence identity (99.7%) with a previously described Xinjiang PPRV isolate.

Asunto(s)

Peste de los Pequeños Rumiantes/genética , Virus de la Peste de los Pequeños Rumiantes/genética , Filogenia , Enfermedades de las Ovejas/genética , Animales , China , Cabras/genética , Cabras/virología , Peste de los Pequeños Rumiantes/patología , Peste de los Pequeños Rumiantes/virología , Virus de la Peste de los Pequeños Rumiantes/aislamiento & purificación , Virus de la Peste de los Pequeños Rumiantes/patogenicidad , Análisis de Secuencia de ADN , Ovinos/genética , Ovinos/virología , Enfermedades de las Ovejas/virología

RESUMEN

The immunosuppressive effects of dexmedetomidine, a highly selective and widely used a2-adrenoceptor agonist for sedation, analgesia, and stress management, are investigated in vitro. In the present study, the respiratory burst of human neutrophils separated from venous blood was evaluated with dexmedetomidine treatment after Escherichia coli stimulation. The effects of five concentrations of dexmedetomidine (1, 5, 10, 50, 100 µg/mL) were evaluated by rhodamine in a flow cytometer. The nitric oxide (NO) production and nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) activity were also determined by using commercial kits. The results were compared to the positive control responses (respiratory burst without drug). We found that dexmedetomidine significantly suppressed respiratory burst, NO production, and iNOS activity after stimulation with E. coli, in a dose-dependent manner. The suppressive effects of dexmedetomidine on phagocytic activity of human neutrophils were associated with respiratory burst coupled with NO production.

Asunto(s)

Dexmedetomidina/farmacología , Inmunosupresores/farmacología , Neutrófilos/efectos de los fármacos , Óxido Nítrico Sintasa de Tipo II/biosíntesis , Estallido Respiratorio/efectos de los fármacos , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Escherichia coli/patogenicidad , Citometría de Flujo , Humanos , Neutrófilos/inmunología , Neutrófilos/microbiología , Óxido Nítrico/biosíntesis , Fagocitosis/efectos de los fármacos , Estallido Respiratorio/inmunología

RESUMEN

We conducted a case-control study to investigate the role of XPG gene polymorphisms (rs2094258, rs751402, and rs17655) in the development of breast cancer. Patients with breast cancer (320) and control subjects (294) were consecutively selected from the Zhongshan Hospital between April 2013 and January 2015. The genotyping of XPG rs2094258, rs751402, and rs17655 was performed using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Using the chi-square test, we did not find any significant differences in the genotype distributions of XPG rs2094258 (χ(2) = 1.48, P = 0.48), rs751402 (χ(2) = 0.65, P = 0.72), and rs17655 (χ(2) = 0.01, P = 0.92) genes between breast cancer patients and control subjects. The genotype distributions of XPG rs2094258, rs751402, and rs17655 did not deviate from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in control subjects, and the P values were 0.58, 0.97, and 0.26, respectively. Using unconditional logistic regression analysis, we found that XPG rs2094258, rs751402 and rs17655 gene polymorphisms are not associated with the development of breast cancer after adjusting for potential confounding factors. In conclusion, we found that XPG rs2094258, rs751402, and rs17655 do not influence the development of breast cancer in a Chinese population.

Asunto(s)

Neoplasias de la Mama/genética , Carcinogénesis/genética , Proteínas de Unión al ADN/genética , Endonucleasas/genética , Estudios de Asociación Genética , Proteínas Nucleares/genética , Factores de Transcripción/genética , Adulto , Neoplasias de la Mama/patología , China , Femenino , Genotipo , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Polimorfismo de Nucleótido Simple , Factores de Riesgo

RESUMEN

Amji's salamander (Hynobius amjiensis) is a critically endangered species (IUCN Red List), which is endemic to mainland China. In the present study, five haplotypes were genotyped for the mtDNA cyt b gene in 45 specimens from three populations. Relatively low levels of haplotype diversity (h = 0.524) and nucleotide diversity (π = 0.00532) were detected. Analyses of the phylogenic structure of H. amjiensis showed no evidence of major geographic partitions or substantial barriers to historical gene flow throughout the species' range. Two major phylogenetic haplotype groups were revealed, and were estimated to have diverged about 1.262 million years ago. Mismatch distribution analysis, neutrality tests, and Bayesian skyline plots revealed no evidence of dramatic changes in the effective population size. According to the SAMOVA and STRUCTURE analyses, H. amjiensis should be regarded as two different management units.

Asunto(s)

Variación Genética , Genética de Población , Filogenia , Urodelos/genética , Animales , China , Conservación de los Recursos Naturales , Especies en Peligro de Extinción , Flujo Génico , Filogeografía , Análisis de Secuencia de ADN

RESUMEN

We investigated the expression and clinical implications of enhancer of Zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) and p53 protein in cervical squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and precancerous lesions. EZH2 and p53 expressions in SCC (168), cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN)-I (19), CIN-II (35), and normal tissues (30) were detected by streptavidin-peroxidase-conjugation. The correlation between co-expression of EZH2 and p53 protein and the clinic pathological features and prognosis of SCC were discussed. The positive expression rates of EZH2 and p53 were 6.7, 37.0, and 75.6%, and 3.3, 21.1, and 39.3% in normal cervical tissues, CIN, and SCC, respectively, which were significantly different (P < 0.05). The positive expression rate of EZH2 and p53 protein in SCC patients with and without lymph node metastasis was 82.9 and 70.4% (EZH2) and 45.7 and 34.7% (p53), respectively, which was also a significant difference (P < 0.05). The progression-free survival (PFS) rates in followed-up patients (N = 143) who were EZH2- and p53-negative, EZH2- or p53-positive, and EZH2- and p53-positive were 71.3 ± 1.9, 66.1 ± 2.0, and 51.3 ± 3.8 months, respectively, which was a significant difference (P < 0.001); the overall survival among these groups was 72.9 ± 1.1, 68.6 ± 1.8, and 57.4 ± 3.4 months, respectively (P < 0.001). Multivariate analyses revealed that EZH2 expression, lymph node metastasis, and tumor staging were independent prognostic factors of SCC. EZH2 and p53, which affect lymph node metastasis and prognosis of SCC, may play a key role in the occurrence and development of SCC.

Asunto(s)

Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/metabolismo , Proteína Potenciadora del Homólogo Zeste 2/biosíntesis , Proteína p53 Supresora de Tumor/biosíntesis , Displasia del Cuello del Útero/metabolismo , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/metabolismo , Adulto , Biomarcadores de Tumor/biosíntesis , Biomarcadores de Tumor/genética , Biomarcadores de Tumor/metabolismo , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/genética , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/patología , Supervivencia sin Enfermedad , Proteína Potenciadora del Homólogo Zeste 2/genética , Proteína Potenciadora del Homólogo Zeste 2/metabolismo , Femenino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Pronóstico , Proteína p53 Supresora de Tumor/genética , Proteína p53 Supresora de Tumor/metabolismo , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/genética , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/patología , Displasia del Cuello del Útero/genética , Displasia del Cuello del Útero/patología