RESUMEN
The variety is one of the most important factors to generate difference of chemical compositions, which unavoidably influences the quality of natural medicine. Thus, simple and rapid authentication of different variants has great academic and practical significance. In this study, the goal was achieved with the help of near infrared spectroscopy (NIR) and chemometrics by using Gastrodia elata Blume as an example. A total of 540 samples including two classes of variants and their forms were investigated as a whole. The mean spectra of samples of each class and their 2-D synchronous correlation spectra were simultaneously applied to discover the difference of chemical characteristics. After hybrid pre-processing of the first and second derivative combined with Savitzky-Golay and Norris filtering, partial least squares discrimination analysis (PLS-DA) on the basis of latent variable projection was used to assess the feasibility for classification. The results show higher prediction accuracy in both internal test set and external prediction set. In order to further improve the robustness for modeling, three methods for wavelength selection were comprehensively compared to optimize PLS-DA models, including variable importance in the projection (VIP), random frog (RF), and Monte Carlo uninformative variable elimination (MC-UVE). The prediction accuracy of combination of the 2nd derivative, Norris, MC-UVE and PLS-DA achieved to 99.11% and 98.89% corresponding to the internal test set and external prediction set, respectively. The strategies proposed in this work perform effectiveness for rapid and accurate authentication of variants of plants with high chemical complexity.
Asunto(s)
Gastrodia , Espectroscopía Infrarroja Corta , Espectroscopía Infrarroja Corta/métodos , Gastrodia/química , Quimiometría , Análisis de los Mínimos Cuadrados , Método de MontecarloRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: The refractory post-operative diaphyseal femur fracture (DFF) non-union is extremely difficult to treat and remains severe challenges for orthopedists. Although several traditional internal fixations and novel biomedical techniques have been used in managing this complication, its treatment is still fraught with severe challenges. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Starting from 1999, 5 patients after three previous internal fixation operations showing refractory DFF non-union underwent the comprehensive fibular autograft with double metal locking plates fixation (cFALP) surgery. The autogenous fibular was first harvested and non-evenly split into two halves in a longitudinal manner. After retracting all previous internal fixation(s), the larger half strut fibula was hammered into the femur canal while the smaller half was fragmented into small pieces and filled surrounding the DFF site. Two locking compression plate were fixed on the lateral and anterior (or antero-lateral) side of the femur, respectively. RESULTS: The follow-up ranged from 60 to 96 weeks. All cases (100%) achieved bony union without severe complications. The mean time to union was 36±14.7 weeks (range 24-60 weeks). CONCLUSION: The cFALP is a promising surgical modality for DFF non-union treatment. However, because fibular harvest may cause severe complications, the cFLAP should only be considered in refractory DFF non-union cases.
Asunto(s)
Fracturas del Fémur/cirugía , Peroné/trasplante , Fijación Interna de Fracturas/métodos , Fracturas no Consolidadas/cirugía , Trasplante Autólogo , Adulto , Placas Óseas , China , Femenino , Fracturas del Fémur/diagnóstico por imagen , Fracturas del Fémur/fisiopatología , Estudios de Seguimiento , Fijación Interna de Fracturas/instrumentación , Curación de Fractura , Fracturas no Consolidadas/diagnóstico por imagen , Fracturas no Consolidadas/fisiopatología , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Periodo Posoperatorio , Estudios Retrospectivos , Trasplante Autólogo/métodos , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
AIM: To investigate the association between collagen type I alpha 1 (COL1A1) gene and high myopia. METHODS: In this Meta-analysis, we examined 5 published case-control studies that involved 1942 high myopia cases and 2929 healthy controls to assess the association between the COL1A1 rs2075555 polymorphism and high myopia risk. We calculated the pooled odds ratios (ORs) of COL1A1 rs2075555 polymorphism in high myopia cases vs healthy controls to evaluate the strength of the association. RESULTS: Overall, there was no significant difference both in the genotype and allele distributions of COL1A1 rs2075555 polymorphism between high myopia cases and healthy controls: CC vs AA OR=1.10, 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.76-1.58; AC vs AA OR=0.98, 95%CI 0.80-1.20; CC/AC vs AA/OR=1.01, 95%CI 0.84-1.22; CC vs AC/AA OR=1.06, 95%CI=0.93-1.20; C vs A OR=1.06, 95%CI 0.91-1.23). In addition, in the stratified analyses by ethnicity, no significant associations were found in any genetic model both in European and Asia cohorts. CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that the COL1A1 rs2075555 polymorphism may not affect susceptibility to high myopia.
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BACKGROUND: In cardiology, it is controversial whether different therapy strategies influence prognosis after acute coronary syndrome. We examined and compared the long-term outcomes of invasive and conservative strategies in patients with non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) and characterized the patients selected for an invasive approach. METHODS: A total of 976 patients with acute NSTEMI were collected from December 2006 to October 2012 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Hospital. They are divided into conservative strategy (586 patients) and invasive strategy (390 patients) group. Unified follow-up questionnaire was performed by telephone contact (cut-off date was November, 2013). The long-term clinical events were analyzed and related to the different treatment strategies. RESULTS: The median follow-up time was 29 months. Mortality was 28.7% (n = 168) in the conservative group and 2.1% (n = 8) in the invasive management at long-term clinical follow-up. The secondary endpoint (the composite endpoint) was 59.0% (n = 346) in the conservative group and 30.3% (n = 118) in the invasive management. Multivariate analysis showed that patients in the conservative group had higher all-cause mortality rates than those who had the invasive management (adjusted risk ratio [RR] = 7.795; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.796-16.006, P < 0.001), and the similar result was also seen in the secondary endpoint (adjusted RR = 2.102; 95% CI: 1.694-2.610, P < 0.001). In the subgroup analysis according to each Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction risk score (TRS), log-rank analysis showed lower mortality and secondary endpoint rates in the invasive group with the intermediate and high-risk patients (TRS 3-7). CONCLUSIONS: An invasive strategy could improve long-term outcomes for NSTEMI patients, especially for intermediate and high-risk ones (TRS 3-7).