RESUMEN
PURPOSE: To determine whether the greyscale value depicted in cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) differentiates different benign osseous lesions of jaws and to measure the greyscale value of various osseous lesions of jaws and to find the correlation (if any) of these greyscale values to that of histopathological diagnosis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This study was conducted in the Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology of the Dental Institute after obtaining approval from the Ethical Committee. CBCT scans of osseous lesions of jaws confirmed with histopathological reports depicting cystic or tumour-like lesions were included in the study. Greyscale values depicted in CBCT scans of osseous lesions were measured. The greyscale values were grouped as per the histopathological diagnosis, and these ranges were then tabulated and statistically evaluated. RESULTS: The mean value with standard deviation of greyscale values for cystic lesions was 1208.375 ± 93 and for that of the tumour group was 1603 ± 425.5. CONCLUSIONS: The greyscale value is a useful tool in differentiating between different groups of osseous lesions of jaws.
RESUMEN
AIMS: The aim was to assess and correlate the influence of the concentration of fluoride in ingested water on the intelligence quotient (IQ) of 12-14-year-old youngsters in Mathura district. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 219 children were selected, 75 from low F area, 75 medium F area, and 69 from high F area. The concentration of fluoride in the routinely ingested water was estimated using "Ion Selective Electrode method"; then, Raven's Test was utilized to estimate the IQ of the study participants. Independent t-test, Tukey's post hoc, Chi-square an analysis of variance tests were used to associate the mean and proportion IQ scores in high-, medium-, and low-fluoride regions along with inter-group significant differences (P ≤ 0.05). RESULTS: The comparison of IQ score showed that 35 (46.7%) participants from the high fluoride and 10 (13.3%) participants from the medium-fluoride areas had below average IQ. Further, it was noted that the lowest mean marks were obtained by the children in the high-fluoride region (13.9467) followed by those in medium (18.9467) and uppermost in least noted fluoride area (38.6087). However, gender-based intergroup comparison did not produce a significant relation with fluoride (P ≥ 0.05). CONCLUSION: Concentration of Fluoride in the ingested water was significantly associated with the IQ of children. It has also coined the proportional variability in mental output in accordance to the ingested fluoride level. As two sides of a coin, fluoride cannot be utterly blamed for a lower intelligence in a population; it puts forward a fact that intelligence is a multifactorial variable with a strategic role played by genetics and nutrition to develop cognitive and psychosomatic activities in an individual.
RESUMEN
Nanospray-FT-ICR has been employed to investigate the processes of genome dimerization, selection, and packaging in human immunodifficiency virus type 1, which are mediated by specific interactions between the nucleocapsid protein (NC) and the structural elements formed by the genome's packaging signal [Psi- ribonucleic acid (RNA)]. This analytical platform allowed for the unambiguous characterization of all the non-covalent complexes formed in vitro by simultaneous RNARNA and proteinRNA binding equilibria. Competitive binding experiments involving the isolated RNA elements were completed to evaluate their ability to sustain specific protein interactions. In similar fashion, ad hoc RNA mutants were used to locate two distinct binding sites on the apical loop and stem-bulge of the monomeric stemloop 1 (SL1) domain, which is responsible for initiating the dimerization process. The stem-bulge motifs provided viable binding sites in both the kissing-loop (KL) and the extended duplex forms of dimeric SL1, whereas the latter included additional sites corresponding to the A- bulge motifs that flank the annealed palindromes. A cross-linking approach using pre-derivatized, photo-cross- linkable NC demonstrated that the SL3 domain was the preferred site for protein binding in the context of full-length Psi-RNA. This concerted strategy is expected to provide new valuable insight into the effects induced by the global folding of Psi-RNA on its ability to interact with the NC protein during genome dimerization, selection and packaging.