RESUMEN
Many plant-based products have been suggested as potential antidiabetic agents, but few have been shown to be effective in treating the symptoms of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in human studies, and little is known of their mechanisms of action. Extracts of Gymnema sylvestre (GS) have been used for the treatment of T2DM in India for centuries. The effects of a novel high molecular weight GS extract, Om Santal Adivasi, (OSA(R)) on plasma insulin, C-peptide and glucose in a small cohort of patients with T2DM are reported here. Oral administration of OSA(R) (1 g/day, 60 days) induced significant increases in circulating insulin and C-peptide, which were associated with significant reductions in fasting and post-prandial blood glucose. In vitro measurements using isolated human islets of Langerhans demonstrated direct stimulatory effects of OSA(R) on insulin secretion from human ß-cells, consistent with an in vivo mode of action through enhancing insulin secretion. These in vivo and in vitro observations suggest that OSA(R) may provide a potential alternative therapy for the hyperglycemia associated with T2DM.
Asunto(s)
Glucemia/metabolismo , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/tratamiento farmacológico , Gymnema sylvestre , Hipoglucemiantes/uso terapéutico , Células Secretoras de Insulina/efectos de los fármacos , Insulina/metabolismo , Extractos Vegetales/uso terapéutico , Adulto , Proteína C-Reactiva/metabolismo , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/sangre , Ayuno , Femenino , Humanos , Hipoglucemiantes/farmacología , Técnicas In Vitro , Insulina/sangre , Secreción de Insulina , Células Secretoras de Insulina/metabolismo , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Peso Molecular , Fitoterapia , Extractos Vegetales/química , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Hojas de la Planta , Periodo PosprandialRESUMEN
Alta, a scarlet-red solution used by some Indian women as a cosmetic to colour their feet, was found to be associated with depigmentation at the site of application. Chromatographic and spectroscopic analysis of 3 brands of alta confirmed the presence of 2 dyes: Crocein Scarlet MOO (CSM) (brilliant crocein) and rhodamine B (tetraethyl rhodamine). Patch testing produced depigmentation at the site of application of alta, CSM and para-phenylenediamine (PPD). Although PPD has been reported to produce leukoderma, azo dyes have not previously been reported as depigmenting agents.