RESUMEN
PURPOSE: Molar incisor malformation (MIM) is a dental anomaly rendering first permanent molar pulps inflamed/necrotic at a young age. It often affects permanent incisors, primary second molars and less frequently other teeth. The purpose of this study was to investigate the anatomy and histology of MIM in seeking insight into its pathogenesis. METHODS: Five MIM first permanent molars were examined with micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) for 3D morphology, with scanning electron microscopy for microanatomy, with energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS) for chemical composition and for histology with optical microscopy. Composition differences were statistically determined using one-way ANOVA. RESULTS: Micro-CT confirmed dentin abnormalities in the middle and cervical third of the crown in the form of the radiodense 'cervical mineralized diaphragm' (CMD). This was peripherally intertwined with enamel fjords and projections severely disrupting the integrity of pulp chamber and its continuity with root canals. EDS showed increased Ca in CMD compared to dentin. The histological examination revealed anomalous osteodentin-like hard tissue with denticles in the CMD. CONCLUSION: An interconnection of anomalous cervical enamel with crown CMD dentin preceded to the severe pulp chamber and root dysplasias in MIM molar teeth.
Asunto(s)
Hipoplasia del Esmalte Dental , Anomalías Dentarias , Hipoplasia del Esmalte Dental/diagnóstico por imagen , Hipoplasia del Esmalte Dental/patología , Cavidad Pulpar/patología , Humanos , Incisivo/diagnóstico por imagen , Diente Molar/diagnóstico por imagen , Raíz del Diente , Microtomografía por Rayos XRESUMEN
The aim of the study was to assess serum total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and the impact of supplements on oxidative stress (OS) during pregnancy. Fifty volunteer pregnant women (21-40 years old), in the 12 ± 2 weeks' and 38 ± 2 weeks' gestation of pregnancy (study group), and 25 non-pregnant healthy women (control group) were enrolled. All pregnant women were divided into two age groups (A1: < 35 years and A2: ≥ 35 years) and four groups according to supplementation (B1: iron, B2: folic acid, B3: both and B4: none). Antioxidant activity was assayed using the TAC kit (Cayman Chemical Co.). Level of statistical significance was p < 0.05. Serum TAC values in all pregnant women in the first trimester were significantly lower, as compared with those of the control group. Levels of TAC increased significantly in the third trimester of pregnancy, especially with folic acid or no supplementation. In conclusion, pregnancy is associated with OS, which is promoted by the administration of iron supplementation.