RESUMEN

INTRODUCTION: Substance abuse may act as precursors and also can form outcomes of sexual behaviors. The confluence of drug use, mental stressors, poverty, sexually transmitted diseases, low self-esteem and high-risk partners forms a fertile ground for psychological morbidity. AIM: To assess the psychological morbidity among female commercial sex workers (CSWs) who use alcohol and other substance abuse. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred consecutive CSWs with alcohol and drug abuse patients attending the psychiatric OPD at Victoria hospital were assessed clinically. Relevant investigations were also carried out. General health questionnaire and substance use disorder identification tests were administered. RESULTS: A total of 100 cases between 30-40 years of age were taken up for the study. All were abusing alcohol with tobacco chewing or smoking being (64). Eighty-seven were married. Fifty of them being illiterate. Seventy-eight were suffering from physical illness. Two were HIV patient on treatment. Seventy-eight were having psychological morbidity (depression and adjustment disorder). CONCLUSION: Preventive interventions, targeting substance abuse and stimulating healthier-environments and providing economically independent.

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Patients with 1-5 skin lesions are clinically categorized as paucibacillary for treatment purposes. For betterment and adequate treatment of patients, this grouping needs further study. AIM: To study a group of leprosy patients with 1-5 skin lesions, compare clinical details with histopathological findings and bacteriological status of the skin to evaluate the relevance of this grouping. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two-year study involving 31 patients of leprosy with 1-5 skin lesions was included in this study. A number of skin lesions were recorded. Skin biopsies were taken in all patients. The biopsies were evaluated for the type of pathology and acid fast bacilli (AFB) status. RESULTS: Of 31 patients, 19 (61.2%) had single skin lesion, 7 (22.5%) had two lesions, 4 (12.9%) had three lesions, and only one (3.22%) had four lesions, there were no patients with five lesions. Of the 31 patients, 30 (96.7%) were clinically diagnosed as borderline tuberculoid and one patient (3.22%) has tuberculoid leprosy. Skin smears were negative for AFB in all patients. The histological diagnoses were: TT 1 (3.22%), BT 24 (77.41%), and IL 6 (19.2%). AFB were found in 2 (6.45%) out of 31 skin biopsies. Clinicopathological correlation was 76.6% in the BT group. CONCLUSION: Tissue biopsy findings in 1-5 skin lesions which were not considered relevant for treatment purposes until now should be given a status in the categorization and assessment of severity of the disease. The significance of finding of AFB and histopathology of multibacillary (MB) type of leprosy in tissue biopsies, in patients grouped as PB should be resolved so that patients could be given the drug therapy and duration of therapy they warrant.

RESUMEN

The authors report a 3-year 8-month-old girl presenting with episodic hyperammonemic encephalopathy probably due to a proximal urea cycle disorder. The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain performed during the third episode revealed extensive and diffuse cerebral cortical signal changes with sparing of occipital cortex. It is believed that intracerebral accumulation of glutamine mainly in astrocytes is the major cause of the encephalopathy. This results in astrocyte swelling, brain edema, intracranial hypertension, and cerebral hypoperfusion.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

We describe a 60-year-old woman with "probable" sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease (CJD) who manifested with two months history of rapidly progressive dementia and abnormal behavior, speech and gait abnormality, excessive sleepiness and myoclonic jerks. Scalp EEG showed diffuse slowing of background activity to delta range and triphasic sharp wave complexes occurring periodically twice in one-second interval. Magnetic resonance Imaging (MRI) of brain revealed high signal intensity on T2 weighted image (T2WI) and fluid attenuated inversion recovery sequences in the caudate and putamen bilaterally. Diffusion weighted images showed bilateral symmetric hyperintense signals in the caudate and putamen. The role of MRI in the diagnosis of CJD is discussed.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

We report two patients of diabetic nonketotic hyperosmolar state presenting acutely with "self-limiting hemichorea - hemiballismus" and "generalized convulsive status epilepticus". CT scan in both the patients revealed a hyperdense nonenhancing basal ganglia. Magnetic resonance imaging brain of patient 1 showed it to be hyperintense on T1W image and iso-hyper intense on T2W image, minimally enhancing with contrast injection.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

We investigate the influence of interchain interactions on the photoluminescence processes in a sexithiophene single crystal by applying hydrostatic pressure. We perform transient photoluminescence spectroscopy in the time domain of 100 fs for pressures up to 60 kbar. The combined use of steady-state and time-resolved optical spectroscopies allows us to show that the pressure-induced quenching of the photoluminescence is caused by an ultrafast (approximately 100 fs) formation of intermolecular species.

RESUMEN

A case of bronchioloalveolar carcinoma, with widespread dissemination to both lungs and miliary mottling on chest X-ray is reported in a 40 year old male.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Variants of squamous cell carcinoma are often rare but they an aggressive tumours with a potential for local recurrence and metastasis. A deeply invasive primary mucin producing squamous cell carcinoma of skin is one such rare variant.

RESUMEN

Histopathological correlation of skin biopsies in 372 leprosy patients was done with clinical diagnosis using Ridley Jopling classification. There was agreement in 62.63% of cases. The correlation was highest in LL (80%) followed by Bl. (70%), BT (66.34%), BB (50%) and TT (46.15%). The other interesting observation was that the number of IL cases diagnosed histopathologically were more when compared to that made clinically.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

A proliferating trichilemmal cyst of long standing duration, with its sudden increase in size and ulceration was clinically suspected to be a squamous cell carcinoma. Microscopic features revealed the appropriate diagnosis.

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Autofluoresence can be used to detect neoplasia in the colon. Two known fluorophores, collagen and elastin, are probably partly responsible for colonic emission spectra. Their contribution to colonic autofluorescence was investigated. METHODS: Autofluorescence spectra of normal, dysplastic, and malignant colonic tissue were studied by using excitation wavelengths from 280 nm to 350 nm. The wavelengths of peak emission and their widths at half maximum intensity were measured. Similar measurements were performed on collagen types I, III, IV, V, IX, and elastin. Colonic spectra were compared to those of collagen and elastin. Spectral differences between collagen types IV (basement membrane) I, III, V, and IX were studied. RESULTS: Four major emission peaks were noted whose wavelength of peak emission and full widths at half maximum intensity were independent of tissue histology. The emission spectra of type IV collagen differed markedly from that of nonbasement membrane collagens and elastin. CONCLUSIONS: Type IV (basement membrane) collagen is most likely responsible for the emission peak at 365 nm. The spectra of basement membrane collagen and not other types of collagen should be used in studies of epithelial tissue spectra. Elastin did not appear to be responsible for any of the four autofluorescence peaks observed in colonic tissue.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Autofluorescence emission spectra of normal, adenomatous, and malignant tissues of the colon were compared to that of known fluorophores to indicate the possible causes of tissue fluorescence. Data were collected from normal mucosa (n = 18), adenomatous polyps (n = 32), and adenocarcinoma (n = 18) of the colon. A range of cellular and extracellular fluorophores (elastin, collagen, flavin adenine dinucleotide, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, phenylalanine, pyridoxal 5' phosphate, tryptophan, and tyrosine) were similarly examined using a spectrofluorometer with emission and excitation spectrometers. Emission intensities were plotted against wavelength. Wavelengths of peak emission and the width of each peak at half its maximum intensity were measured. Colonic tissue gave four major emission peaks, the wavelengths of which were independent of tissue histology. Tryptophan and collagen type IV appeared to be responsible for two of the peaks. It is possible that NADH may be the cause of a third emission maxima.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

After repair work was performed on a magnetic resonance (MR) imager, images of the brain were obtained from a patient with an acoustic neuroma on the left side. On the images, the tumor appeared to be on the right side. The reversal occurred due to a reversal of gradient wire connections. To prevent such an event after MR imager repair, a phantom with side markers should be imaged.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

A case of Tuberculoid Leprosy who showed Evidence of Calcification of Right Ulnar Nerve at Elbow on Radiological Examination is reported.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

The effect of hydrostatic pressure on the fluorescence spectrum of rhodamine 6G dye in two different solutions is studied. The peak shifts to longer wavelengths with increasing pressure with a pressure coefficient of -29 and -19 cm(-1)/kbar for ethanol and 4:1 methanol-ethanol solvents, respectively. Possible applications of increasing the tunability of dye lasers by pressure are discussed.

RESUMEN

A case of naevus lipomatosus cutaneous superficilis on the left sacro gluteo-coxal area in a 25 year old male is reported because of its rarity. The clinical features and hisoopathological changes of this condition are described. The possible factors regarding its predilection to the pelvic girdle region, the various theories regarding, its pathogensis and its differentiation from focal dermal. hypoplasia syndrome and grouped lesions of macular atrophy are discussed.

Asunto(s)