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Objective To explore the effect and mechanism of anti-mesangial cell-proliferation-peptide 2(AMPP2)on mesangial cell proliferation induced by transforming growth factor β1(TGF-β1).Methods Mesangial cells were cultured in vitro and treated with TGF-β1(10 μg/L)and AMPP2(10 ng/L).According to different intervention factors,mesangial cells were divided into four groups:the control group,the AMPP2 group,the TGF-β1 group and the TGF-β1+AMPP2 group.The proliferation activity of mesangial cells was detected by CCK-8.The relative protein expression of cyclin dependent kinase 4(CDK-4),cyclin dependent kinase 6(CDK-6),proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA),α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA),collagen-Ⅰ(COL-Ⅰ)and fibronectin(FN)were examined by Western blot assay.The relative mRNA expression of α-SMA,COL-Ⅰ and FN were detected by qPCR.Results Compared with the control group,proliferation activity of mesangial cells was significantly increased in the TGF-β1 group(P＜0.05).The proliferation activity of mesangial cells was markedly decreased in the TGF-β1+AMPP2 group compared with that of the TGF-β1 group(P＜0.05).Compared with the control group,protein levels of CDK-4,CDK-6,PCNA,α-SMA,COL-Ⅰand FN in cells were significantly increased in the TGF-β1 group(P＜0.05),as well as the mRNA levels of α-SMA,COL-Ⅰand FN(P＜0.05).In the TGF-β1+AMPP2 group,the protein and mRNA levels of α-SMA,COL-Ⅰand FN and the protein levels of CDK-4,CDK-6 and PCNA were markedly decreased compared with those of the TGF-β1 group(P＜0.05).Compared with the control group,levels of p-SMAD3/SMAD3 was remarkably upregulated in the TGF-β1 group(P＜0.05),while levels of p-SMAD3/SMAD3 was remarkably downregulated in the TGF-β1+AMPP2 group compared with those of the TGF-β1 group(P＜0.05).Conclusion AMPP2 may inhibit mesangial cell proliferation by regulating TGF-β1/SMAD3 pathway.

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Objective To study the relationship among the sense of organizational fairness, innovative self-efficacy (ISE) and innovative behavior in nurses. Methods A total of 392 nurses from a grade A tertiary hospital were selected as the research subjects using convenience sampling method. The Organizational Fairness Scale, Innovation Self-efficacy Scale, and Innovation Behavior Scale were used to evaluate the sense of organizational fairness, ISE, and innovation behavior, respectively. The mediate equation model was constructed, and Bootstrap analysis was applied for validation. Results The scores for organizational fairness, ISE, and innovative behavior among the nurses were (67.8±15.2), (23.9±3.5), and (30.5±6.7) points, respectively. Organizational fairness score was positively correlated with both innovative behavior and ISE scores ［correlation coefficients (r) were 0.38 and 0.36, respectively, both P<0.01］. ISE score was positively correlated with innovative behavior total score (r=0.51, P<0.01). The results of the mediation analysis indicated that the total effect of organizational fairness on innovation behavior was 0.34 (P<0.01),with a direct effect of 0.17 (P<0.01). ISE plays a mediating role between organizational fairness and innovation behavior among nurses(P<0.01) with standardized mediation effect of 0.17, accounting for 50.0% of the total effect. Conclusion Organizational fairness can influence the ability of innovative behavior directly or through the mediating role of ISE.

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Objective:To analyze the thalassemia screening and genotyping in Southwest Guizhou Autonomous Prefecture (referred it as Qianxinan Prefecture), this essay provides the theoretical reference for clinical diagnosis of thalassemia and suspicious cases.Methods:The pregnant women, spouses and neonates who were screened for thalassemia gene in Qian Xi Nan People's Hospital from January 2016 to December 2020 were selected as the research subjects, and peripheral blood or umbilical cord blood samples were collected to extract DNA. The gap-polymerase chain reaction (Gap-PCR) and next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology were used to screen thalassemia, and ArcMap 10.8 software was adopted to map the local spatial distribution of thalassemia based on the screening data.Results:A total of 67 185 cases of people from various regions in Qianxinan Prefecture were screened, and 8 202 cases of thalassemia gene carriers were detected, with a total detection rate of 12.21%. Among them, 5 660 cases of α-thalassemia, with a detection rate of 8.42%; 2 132 cases of β-thalassemia, with a detection rate of 3.17%; 410 cases of αβ complex thalassemia, with a detection rate of 0.61%. In the detection of thalassemia genes, 27 genotypes of α-thalassemia were detected, mainly αα/-α 3.7, accounting for 41.13% (2 328/5 660); 33 genotypes of β-thalassemia were detected, mainly β CD17(A>T)/β A, accounting for 44.09% (940/2 132); 55 genotypes of αβ complex thalassemia were detected, and αα/-α 3.7 complexed β CD17(A>T)/β A dominated, accounting for 21.22% (87/410). There were high incidence areas in the spatial distribution of thalassemia, which were Wangmo County and Ceheng County, and the detection rate was 26.76% (1 438/5 374), 24.39% (1 314/5 387), respectively. Conclusions:The detection rate of thalassemia gene in Qianxinan Prefecture is relatively high, mainly αα/-α 3.7 genotype of α-thalassemia. Wangmo County and Ceheng County are high-incidence areas of thalassemia, and screening efforts should be continued.

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OBJECTIVES@#To understand the influence of medical insurance policy reforms in Guangxi on the hospitalization expenses of breast cancer patients by analyzing the composition and changing trend in breast cancer diagnosis and treatment expenses in the Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, and to provide the evidence for the improvement of medical insurance policy reform.@*METHODS@#A total of 3 950 breast cancer patients were collected from 2014 to 2017 and analyzed. Kruskal-Wallis test and multiple linear regression model were used to discuss the breast cancer related epidemiology and analyze the composition of hospitalization expenses and its influential factors.@*RESULTS@#The median hospitalization cost of breast cancer patients in our hospital from 2014 to 2017 was 29 266.94 Chinese Yuan. Single factor analysis showed that the impact of year, hospitalization days, age, payment method, tumor stage, and treatment method on hospitalization cost was significant (all @*CONCLUSIONS@#Reasonably controlling hospitalization days and actively promoting the integration of urban and rural medical insurance can effectively reduce the economic burden for breast cancer patients.

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Objective:To determine the training direction, training program and to promote management of endoscopy nurses by understanding the role delineations and professional practice competencies of gastrointestinal endoscopy nurses in China through a questionnaire survey.Methods:A questionnaire of " role delineations and professional practice competencies for gastrointestinal endoscopy nurses in China" was designed, based on the overseas profile or standards of role delineations and the professional practice competencies. Cross-cultural factors were taken into consideration for a higher content validity, and comments from endoscopic experts were consulted. Questionnaires were sent to participants from 52 medical institutions in 30 provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities.Results:A total of 252 respondents returned questionnaires, whom from 47 medical institutions in 28 provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities. The respondents included 144 endoscopy nurses, aged 35.87±7.43, 53.5% with a junior professional title and 68.8% with a bachelor degree; 65 endoscopy physicians, aged 39.66±5.62, 46.2% with a junior professional title and 40.0% with a doctoral degree; 43 endoscopic-nurse managers, aged 43.12±5.78, 46.5% with a senior professional title and 90.7% with a bachelor degree. The mean score of respondents of the consistency of 12 role delineations and 10 professional practice competencies was over 3.5. The role delineations with the highest score of consistency were " technical assistance" (4.58±0.57), " hygiene and infection control" (4.54±0.62) and " care of endoscopic equipment" (4.47±0.65). The three future role delineations with the highest scores were " hygiene and infection control" (4.58±0.55), " technical assistance " (4.52± 0.62), and " health safety" (4.52±0.58). There was no significant difference in the scores among endoscopy nurses, endoscopy physicians and endoscopic-nurse managers of the consistency of 12 role delineations ( P>0.05). The most consistent professional practice competencies were " cooperation" (4.32±0.61) and " communication" (4.25±0.63), which were also the required professional practice competencies for future development (4.48±0.58, 4.46±0.58, respectively). There was a significant defference between the coincidence on status and the recognition on development of " evidence-based practice and research" competency (3.80±0.77 VS 4.20±0.73, P<0.001). There was no significant difference in the scores of 10 professional practice competencies for future development among endoscopy nurses, endoscopy physicians and endoscopic-nurse managers( P>0.05). Conclusion:There is a consensus among endoscopy nurses, endoscopy physicians and endoscopic chief-nurse managers on the status of the role delineations and the professional practice competencies, as those for future development of gastrointestinal endoscopy nurses in China. " Cooperation" and " communication" are two professional practice competencies that are acknowledged by all types of participants." Evidence-based practice and research" is the professional practice competencies that all the respondents believe that endoscopy nurses need to develop in the future.

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<p><b>Background</b>The previous study showed that mycophenolic acid (MPA) synergizing with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) promoted interleukin (IL)-1β release, but the mechanism is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the mechanism of MPA synergizing with LPS to induce IL-1β release.</p><p><b>Methods</b>Undiluted human blood cells, THP-1 human myeloid leukemia mononuclear cells (THP-1) cells, or monocytes were stimulated with LPS and treated with or without MPA, and the supernatant IL-1β was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The mRNA levels of IL-1β were detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The intracellular protein levels of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) phospho-p65 (p-p65), precursor interleukin-1β (pro-IL-1β), NOD-like receptor pyrin domain containing-3 (NLRP3), and cysteine aspartic acid-specific protease-1 (caspase-1) p20 in THP-1 cell were measured by Western blot.</p><p><b>Results</b>The MPA alone failed to induce IL-1β, whereas MPA synergized with LPS to increase IL-1β in a dose-dependent manner (685.00 ± 20.00 pg/ml in LPS + 5 μmol/L MPA group, P = 0.035; 742.00 ± 31.58 pg/ml in LPS + 25 μmol/L MPA group, P = 0.017; 1000.00 ± 65.59 pg/ml in LPS + 75 μmol/L MPA group, P = 0.024; versus 408.00 ± 35.50 pg/ml in LPS group). MPA alone has no effect on the IL-1β mRNA expression, LPS induced the expression of IL-1β mRNA 2761 fold, and LPS + MPA increased the IL-1β expression 3018 fold, which had the same effect with LPS group (P = 0.834). MPA did not affect the intracellular NF-κB p-p65 and pro-IL-1β protein levels but activated NLRP3 inflammasome. Ac-YVAD-cmk blocked the activation of caspase-1 and subsequently attenuated IL-1β secretion (181.00 ± 45.24 pg/ml in LPS + MPA + YVAD group vs. 588.00 ± 41.99 pg/ml in LPS + MPA group, P = 0.014).</p><p><b>Conclusions</b>Taken together, MPA synergized with LPS to induce IL-1β release via the activation of caspase-1, rather than the enhanced production of pro-IL-1β. These findings suggested that patients immunosuppressed with mycophenolate mofetil may have overly activated caspase-1 during infection, which might contribute to a more sensitive host defense response to invading germs.</p>

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Objective:To investigate the effect of miR-34a targeting PAX6 on JAK/STAT signaling pathway on invasion and metastasis of retinoblastoma.Methods:The expression of PAX6 in retinoblastoma tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry.The expression of miR-34a in retinoblastoma cell line was detected by PCR.The effect of miR-34a on the expression of PAX6 was examined by the dual luciferase gene system.Transwell invasion assay and scratch test was used to detect the ability of invasion and migration in the retinoblastoma cell line Rb44 after overexpression miR-34a.Western blot was used to detect the protein expression of JAK/STAT signal pathway after overexpression miR-34a.Results:The expression of PAX6 was significantly higher in retinoblastoma tissues than that in normal tissues.The miR-34a was lower in retinoblastoma tissues than that in normal tissues.Western blot analysis showed the lowest level of PAX6 in Rb44 retinoblastoma.The dual luciferase reporter gene system showed that miR-34a could directly regulate the transcriptional activity of PAX6.The ability of invasion and migration was inhibited after overexpression miR-34a.The expression level of PAX6 was down-regulated and the expression of JAK1/STAT3 protein were down-regulated after overexpression the miR-34a.Conclusion:miR-34a targets the expression of PAX6 and regulates the invasion and migration of retinoblastoma cells by JAK1/STAT3 signal pathway.

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Objective To investigate the gene carrying rate,gene type and composition ratio of thalassemia among pre-pregnant population in Chongqing area.Methods A total of 1054 people were enrolled in the hospital from April 2014 to March 2016 for thalassemia screening.The content of screening included mean corpuscular volume (MCV),mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) and hemoglobin electrophoresis.Thalassemia gene was examined in people with any abnormal term of screening result.Results In 10854 cases,1117 cases showed positive in thalassemia primary screening,and the positive rate was 10.29％.458 cases were tested positive of thalassemia gene,the carrying rate of thalassemia was 4.21％.In which,253 cases of pure a-thalassemia were tested.The carrying rate of α-thalassemia was 2.33％.The most common kind in α-thalassemia was--SEA whose constituent ratio were 52.17 ％.197 cases of pure β-thalassemia were tested,the carrying rate of β-thalassemia was 1.81％.The most common kind in β-thalassemia was CD17 (A→T),whose constituent ratio were 31.47 ％.11 cases were diagnosed with αβ-thalassemia.Conclusion Chongqing is high-prevalence area of thalassemia.It is important to conduct thalassemia genetic screen before pregnancy which plays a vital role in improving population quality and achieving prepotency.

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Objective To evaluate the efficacy of adenosine triphosphate ( ATP ) bioluminescence test on quality monitoring of flexible endoscope reprocessing. Methods The patient-used gastroscopes were randomly assigned to two groups after standard reprocessing by one nurse. The group A were assessed by ATP test followed by microbiological surveillance test after cleaning and disinfection; and the gastroscopes in group B were tested in a reverse order. The biological load after endoscopic cleaning and disinfection were compared between ATP test and microbiological surveillance, and the correlation of the two tests on quality assessing of endoscopic cleanliness and disinfection were analyzed. Results A total of 51 samples were valid. The qualified rate of cleaning was 45. 1％ ( 23/51) detected by ATP test, and the qualified rate of disinfection was 92. 2％ ( 47/51) detected by microbiological surveillance. There was no statistical difference in cleaning qualification rate ( 50. 0％ VS 40. 0％,χ2=0. 515, P=0. 473) and disinfection qualification rate ( 96. 2％ VS 88. 0％,χ2=0. 316, P=0. 574) between the two groups. The logarithmic value of relative light unit ( RLU) of ATP test after cleaning was higher than the value after disinfection ( 1. 68 ± 0. 50 VS 0. 88 ±0. 49, t=2. 335,P=0. 024) . For gastroscopes disinfected appropriately, the RLU logarithmic value of ATP test after cleaning ( t=2. 505, P=0. 016) and disinfection ( t=2. 485, P=0. 016) were lower than that of disqualification. The correlation between the value of ATP test and the colony forming units of microbiological surveillance after cleaning was not statistically significant ( r=0. 199, P=0. 171 ) , but there was a low correlation between the two monitoring results after disinfection (r=0. 391, P=0. 005). There was a low correlation between the value of ATP test after cleaning and the colony forming units of microbiological surveillance after disinfection ( r=0. 301, P=0. 032) . Conclusion ATP bioluminescence test can be used to evaluate the trend of endoscopic biological load change and the quality of flexible endoscope reprocessing.

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In this work, arbitrary micro phase-step digital holography with optical interferometry and digital image processing is utilized to obtain information about an image of a three-dimensional object and encrypting keys. Then, a computer-generated hologram is used for the purpose of holographic encryption. All information about the keys is required to perform the decryption, comprising the amplitude and phase distribution of the encrypting key, the distance of image reconstruction, zero-order term elimination, and twin-image term suppression. In addition to using identifiable information on different image planes and linear superposition processing hidden within the encrypted information, not only can we convey an important message, but we can also achieve anticounterfeiting. This approach retains the strictness of traditional holographic encryption and the convenience of digital holographic processing without image distortion. Therefore, this method provides better solutions to earlier methods for the security of the transmission of holographic information.

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Objective To investigate the correlations of interleukin-1α (IL-1α) and IL-6expressions in craniopharyngiomas with the pathological subtypes,removal rate and recurrence rate,and explore their clinical significance.Methods Sixty-nine pathologic specimens ofcraniopharyngiomas,collected in our hospital during the microsurgery from January 2003 to October 2009,were chosen in our study; the craniopharyngiomas were classified into two different pathological subtypes:enamel cells and nipple squamous cells.The IL-1α and IL-6 expressions were detected in craniopharyngioma tissues by immunohistochemistry.The correlations of IL-1α and IL-6 expressions in craniopharyngiomas with the pathological subtypes,removal rate and recurrence rate were analyzed statistically.Results The total tumor removal was achieved in 50 cases (72.5％),subtotal removal in 13 cases (18.8％) and partial removal in 6 cases (8.7％).Nine cases (14.1％) were recurrent during the follow-up.IL-6-positive expression was detected in 28 cases,and IL-1α-positive expression in 3 cases; IL-1α and IL-6 expressions in craniopharyngiomas with different pathological subtypes showed no significant difference (P＞0.05);craniopharyngiomas with postoperative recurrence or without showed no obvious difference (P＞0.05).The difference of IL-1 α expression in patients with total removal,subtotal removal and partial removal showed no statistically significance (P＞0.05); while that of IL-6 expression had significant difference (P＜0.05).Conclusion IL-6 involves in the inflammatory reaction between craniopharyngioma and its surrounding brain tissues,which may be the important influencing factor of total removal of the craniopharyngioma.

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Recently, the genomes of two Mycoplasma fermentans strains, namely M64 and JER, have been completely sequenced. Gross comparison indicated that the genome of M64 is significantly bigger than the other strain and the difference is mainly contributed by the repetitive sequences including seven families of simple and complex transposable elements ranging from 973 to 23,778 bps. Analysis of these repeats resulted in the identification of a new distinct family of Integrative Conjugal Elements of M. fermentans, designated as ICEF-III. Using the concept of "reaction connectivity", the metabolic capabilities in M. fermentans manifested by the complete and partial connected biomodules were revealed. A comparison of the reported M. pulmonis, M. arthritidis, M. genitalium, B. subtilis, and E. coli essential genes and the genes predicted from the M64 genome indicated that more than 73% of the Mycoplasmas essential genes are preserved in M. fermentans. Further examination of the highly and partly connected reactions by a novel combinatorial phylogenetic tree, metabolic network, and essential gene analysis indicated that some of the pathways (e.g. purine and pyrimidine metabolisms) with partial connected reactions may be important for the conversions of intermediate metabolites. Taken together, in light of systems and network analyses, the diversity among the Mycoplasma species was manifested on the variations of their limited metabolic abilities during evolution.

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Mycoplasma fermentans is a microorganism commonly found in the genitourinary and respiratory tracts of healthy individuals and AIDS patients. The complete genome of the repetitive-sequence-rich M. fermentans strain M64 is reported here. Comparative genomics analysis revealed dramatic differences in genome size between this strain and the recently completely sequenced JER strain.

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Objective To analyze the outcomes of adjustable and set-pressure valves in the management of communicating hydrocephalus in children. Methods A retrospective study reviewing the medical records of 66 children with communicating hydrocephalus who received ventriculoperitoneal shunt at our center from January 2003 to December 2009 was performed. All the patients were divided into 2 groups: Codman Hakim adjustable valve group (n=27) and Medtronic set-pressure valve group (n=39). Rate of appearing complication and shunt survival time were analyzed between the 2 groups.Results The rate of shunt infection, proximal or distal obstruction, subdural hematoma and subdural hygroma showed no statistical significance between patients of the adjustable and set-pressure valve groups (P=1.000, P=0.727, P=0.455, P=0.691, respectively). The average shunt survival time of children in the adjustable valve group was 52.551 months (38.169-66.852, 95% CI) and that of children in the set-pressure valve group was 42.327 (31.636-53.019, 95%CI); no statistical significance on the average shunt survival time between these 2 groups was noted (x2=0.763, P=0.382).Conclusion The adjustable valve is not superior to set-pressure valve in the treatment of communicating hydrocephalus in children.

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Objective To explore whether preoperative treatment of hydrocephalus could change the occurrence of postoperative hydrocephalus after tumor resection in children with posterior fossa tumor, and analyze the risk factors of postoperative hydrocephalus. Methods Sixty-three children with posterior fossa tumors accompanied with hydrocephalus, admitted to our hospital from January 2003 to December 2009, were chosen; conservative treatment of preoperative hydrocephalus was performed in 43 patients and surgery was performed in the other 20 patients. The clinical data of these patients were retrospectively analyzed and the occurrence of postoperative hydrocephalus in patients performed conservative treatment and tumor resection was compared. Gender, age, Evans index, location of the tumor, extent of the tumor resection, pathology of the tumor were analyzed as risk factors using logistic regression. Results Occurrence of hydrocephalus after tumor resection showed no statistical differences between patients accepted conservative treatment (14/43, 32.6%) and patients received surgical treatment ([8/20, 40.0%], P=0.564). Evans index, location of the tumor and extent of resection were related to hydrocephalus relapse after tumor resection(P=0.029, P=0.036, P=0.038). Conclusion Preoperative treatment of hydrocephalus could not change the occurrence of hydrocephalus after tumor resection. Evans index, location of the tumor and extent of tumor resection are all risk factors of postoperative hydrocephalus.

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Objective To analyze the correlation between the prognosis of pediatric medulloblastoma (MB) and its relevant clinical factors. Methods Forty-seven children with MB,admitted to our hospital from November 2001 to July 2010, were chosen;a retrospective analysis, using Kaplan-Meier survival tested by log-rank and Cox proportional hazards regression model, was performed to identify the correlation between the prognosis of pediatric MB and relevant clinical factors which included age, gender, course of disease, tumor location, pathological subtype, preoperative metastasis,extent of tumor resection, interval between surgery and radiation, brainstem invasion and chemotherapy.Results The 2-year survival rate of these patients was 91.4%, and 5-year survival rate 50%.Kaplan-Meier curves indicated that patients with total or subtotal tumor resection had a significantly higher survival rate than those with partial resection (P<0.05);patients without preoperative metastasis had a significantly higher survival rate than those with preoperative metastasis (P<0.05);and patients with interval between surgery and radiation≤42 d had a significantly higher survival rate than those with interval between surgery and radiation >42 d (P<0.05). Cox proportional hazards regression analysis indicated that preoperative metastasis (RR, 6.808;95%CI, 1.844 to 25.113;P<0.05) and interval between surgery and radiation (RR, 5.642;95% CI, 2.042 to 15.587;P<0.05) were the influencing factors for prognosis of MB. Patients without preoperative metastasis and with interval between surgery and radiation ≤42 d enjoyed good prognosis results. Conclusion Both preoperative metastasis and interval between surgery and radiation are independent factors for prognosis of pediatric MB.

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A field survey was conducted to investigate the presence of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (s.l.) in six counties of Taiwan. Spirochetes were successfully isolated from one rodent ear sample out of 485 rodent ears and 53 live, fed tick (Ixodes granulatus) samples. The spirochetes were confirmed to be B. burgdorferi s.l. by real-time PCR. In addition, 23 of 113 tick samples were tested positive for Borrelia DNA according to real-time PCR. The Borrelia isolate from the rodent and the 23 Borrelia DNA samples from the ticks were identified as B. valaisiana-related genospecies by phylogenetic analysis based on flagellin gene sequences. These findings suggest that the Borrelia valaisiana-related strains are maintained in a zoonotic cycle between tick vectors and reservoir hosts in Taiwan.

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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effect of combined therapy of Neiyi pill (NP) and Neiyi enema (NE) on endometriosis and its effect on serum levels of endometrial antibody (EMAB) and carcinoembryonic antigen 125 (CA125).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Fifty-eight cases with endometriosis were divided into 3 groups randomly, group A (n = 16) treated by NP, group B (n = 24) treated by NP and NE, and group C (n = 18) treated by danazol, all for 3 menstrual cycle with single blind method. The effect was observed and the serum levels of EMAB and CA125 were detected before and after treatment.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Comparison of the efficacy between the 3 groups showed: there was no remarkable difference between group A and B (P >0.05), both of group A and group B were superior to that of group C (P<0.05). The levels of EMAB and CA125 had no significant changes in all the three groups after treatment.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Combined therapy of NP and NE could improve the curative effect on endometriosis, and without obvious effects on serum levels of EMAB and CA125.</p>

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In order to improve the traditional teaching method of the experiments,a kind of teaching mode “self-service teaching mode of biochemical experiments” with the character of original and modern thought is created. In turn the virtual instruments and experiments-monitoring system are designed by utilizing the computer technology.