RESUMEN
Antimicrobial and hemolytic activity of ethanol extract of brown seaweed Laminaria cichorioides Miyabe, its lipophilic fractions, various classes of substances of lipophilic fraction, such as chlorophylls, fucoxanthin, monogalactosyldiacylglycerols, digalactosyldiacylglycerols, sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerols, and fatty acids were investigated. The antimicrobial activity was studied by means of yeast cells Safale S-04 and Candida albicans CMM 455, fungi Aspergillus niger CMM 4634 and Fusarium oxysporum CMM 4639, bacteria Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 21027 (gram-positive) and Escherichia coli ATCC 15034 (gram-negative) which demonstrated selective sensitivity to the studied substances. Hemolytic activity was investigated at concentrations of substances in the range of 0.2-2000 microg/ml at different pH of erythrocyte suspension. All investigated substances caused hemolysis. The dependence of hemolytic activity of substances on pH of media was determined.
Asunto(s)
Antiinfecciosos/farmacología , Hemolíticos/farmacología , Laminaria/química , Animales , Antiinfecciosos/aislamiento & purificación , Aspergillus niger/efectos de los fármacos , Candida albicans/efectos de los fármacos , Eritrocitos/efectos de los fármacos , Escherichia coli/efectos de los fármacos , Fusarium/efectos de los fármacos , Hemólisis , Hemolíticos/aislamiento & purificación , Ratones , Staphylococcus aureus/efectos de los fármacosRESUMEN
In this study we investigated the hemolytic, antimicrobial, and phytoregulatory activity of various classes of lipids (triacylglycerols, free fatty acids (FFA), the glyceroglycolipids monogalactosyl diacylglycerol (MGDG), sulfoquinovosyl diacylglycerol (SQDG)), sterols, all of them were obtained from the medical herb Kalanchoe diagremontiana, and also pigments, phenolic compounds (FC), polysaccharides, and ethanol extract (EE) of the herbal. It was established that EE, FC, FFA, and sterols display pH-dependent membranothropic activity. FFA showed antimicrobial activity and stimulated growth of buckwheat stalk sprouts. K. diagremontiana glyceroglycolopids did not display expressed biological activity. Caroteniods displayed pH-independent membranothopic action and antibacterial activity. Chlorophylls displayed antimicrobial action, but did not influence erythrocytes and buckwheat sprouts. Polysaccharides acted against the microorganisms Safale S-04, Candida albicans, Fusarium oxysperum and buckwheat sprouts.
Asunto(s)
Kalanchoe/química , Extractos Vegetales/química , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Plantas Medicinales/química , Animales , Antiinfecciosos/química , Antiinfecciosos/farmacología , Eritrocitos/metabolismo , Hongos/crecimiento & desarrollo , Hemolíticos/química , Hemolíticos/farmacología , Ratones , Reguladores del Crecimiento de las Plantas/química , Reguladores del Crecimiento de las Plantas/farmacologíaRESUMEN
Changes in the diameter of brain vessels and intensity of collateral blood flow typical of chronic ischemia were detected by magnetic resonance imaging in senescence-accelerated OXYS rats demonstrating reduced (compared to Wistar rats) research and exploratory activity. Histochrome (antioxidant drug) produced positive effects on cerebral vessels in OXYS rats by stimulating collateral blood flow and acting as a vasodilator agent. Analysis of correlations showed that these effects of histochrome were closely related to its capacity to activate research and exploratory activity and reduce anxiety of OXYS rats in the open field test.
Asunto(s)
Envejecimiento Prematuro/fisiopatología , Vasos Sanguíneos/efectos de los fármacos , Encéfalo/irrigación sanguínea , Conducta Exploratoria/efectos de los fármacos , Naftoquinonas/farmacología , Animales , Vasos Sanguíneos/fisiología , Circulación Colateral/efectos de los fármacos , Conducta Exploratoria/fisiología , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética/métodos , Ratas , Ratas WistarRESUMEN
AIMS: To study the phenotypic and chemotaxonomic (i.e. phospholipid and cellular fatty acid composition) characteristics of environmental Aeromonas spp. and Vibrio spp. isolated from a drinking water reservoir near Vladivostok City, and the application of some chemotaxonomic markers for discrimination of the two genera and species. METHODS AND RESULTS: Presumptive Aeromonas species were dominant in surface water samples (up to 25% of the total number of bacteria recovered). These strains were consistent with respect to the cultural and biochemical properties used to define the species Aeromonas sobria (seven strains) and Aer. popoffii (three strains). Vibrio mimicus (two strains) and Vibrio metschnikovii (one strain) were identified according to phenotypic features and cellular fatty acid composition. CONCLUSION: Environmental Aer. sobria isolates were atypical in their ability to grow at 42 degrees C, and were haemolytic, proteolytic and cytotoxic. Although it was present in a high proportion in the water samples, atypical Aer. sobria is not an indicator of polluted water. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: The incidence of Aeromonas in the drinking water reservoirs in the Far East of Russia is reported for the first time.
Asunto(s)
Aeromonas/aislamiento & purificación , Vibrio/aislamiento & purificación , Microbiología del Agua , Abastecimiento de Agua , Aeromonas/clasificación , Técnicas de Tipificación Bacteriana , Asia Oriental , Ácidos Grasos/análisis , Agua Dulce , Fenotipo , Fosfolípidos/análisis , Federación de Rusia , Vibrio/clasificaciónRESUMEN
The results of the microbiological monitoring of potential causative agents of sapronoses in the water of the Bogatinskoye reservoir revealed that in the summer period of 1998 the mass accumulation of virulent Aeromonas sobria (up to 25% of the total number of heterotrophic bacteria) took place. The autumn period was characterized by a decrease in the number of A. sobria and the detection of bacteria of the genus Vibrio (up to 22%) with V. mimicus and V. metschnikovii identified among them in the water ecosystems of the southern regions of the Maritime Territory.