RESUMEN
Ball Milling technique has been used to prepare for the first time Vitis Vinifera extract-silica nanocomposites (VV-SiO2 NCs), which combine the pharmacological effects of the extract with the effectiveness of silica as drug delivery system and active component in the treatment of wound healing. Different contents (1.0, 9.0 and 33.0â¯wt%) of Vitis Vinifera ethanolic extract were loaded into the silica matrix by grinding the extract with fumed silica using a planetary mill apparatus. The effect of the starting mixture composition and milling time on the final products was examined. The efficiency of the milling process was studied by X-ray Powder Diffraction, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, and Infrared Spectroscopy, indicating that the natural extract was not affected by the increasing of the milling time. The successful loading of the extract was demonstrated by Nitrogen adsorption/desorption measurements, which showed a decrease in the SSA and pore volume of the silica with the increasing of the extract amount. Morphology of the nanocomposites, investigated by Scanning Electron Microscopy, showed an increased agglomeration in the nanocomposites with the increment of the VV extract amount. Studies on the total phenol quantification and antioxidant activity of the natural extract before and after incorporation in the silica matrix were also carried out. The obtained results indicate that the milling process does not alter the VV extract components, which result to be embedded in the silica matrix. An increase of the antioxidant activity with the increment of the extract amount in the nanocomposites, up to values comparable to the pure VV extract, was also observed.
Asunto(s)
Antioxidantes/química , Nanocompuestos/química , Extractos Vegetales/química , Dióxido de Silicio/química , Vitis , Sistemas de Liberación de Medicamentos , Fenoles/análisisRESUMEN
We explored the changes in viability and lipid profile occurring in cancer cells, murine melanoma cells (B16F10 cells) and human cervical carcinoma cells (HeLa cells), when exposed to 24 h-treatments with an n-3 PUFA-rich oil obtained by supercritical extraction with CO2 from Mugil cephalus processed roe (bottarga). The composition of the major lipid classes of bottarga oil was determined by the (13)C NMR technique. Reversed-phase HPLC with DAD/ELSD detection was performed to analyze cells' total fatty acid profile and the levels of phospholipids, total/free cholesterol, triacylglycerols, and cholesteryl esters. Cell-based fluorescent measurements of intracellular membranes and lipid droplets were performed on bottarga oil-treated cells using the Nile red staining technique. The treatments of cancer cells with bottarga oil reduced the viability and affected the fatty acid profile, with a significant n-3 PUFA increase in treated cells. Mullet roe oil uptake modulated the cancer cell lipid composition, inducing a remarkable incorporation of health beneficial n-3 PUFA in the polar and neutral lipid fractions. Bottarga oil treatment influenced the synthesis of intracellular membranes and accumulation of cytoplasmic lipid droplets in cancer cells.
Asunto(s)
Anticarcinógenos/metabolismo , Huevos , Aceites de Pescado/metabolismo , Metabolismo de los Lípidos , Melanoma/prevención & control , Smegmamorpha , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/prevención & control , Animales , Anticarcinógenos/análisis , Anticarcinógenos/química , Anticarcinógenos/aislamiento & purificación , Línea Celular Tumoral , Supervivencia Celular , Suplementos Dietéticos , Ácidos Grasos Omega-3/análisis , Ácidos Grasos Omega-3/aislamiento & purificación , Ácidos Grasos Omega-3/metabolismo , Femenino , Aceites de Pescado/química , Aceites de Pescado/aislamiento & purificación , Productos Pesqueros/análisis , Alimentos en Conserva/análisis , Células HeLa , Humanos , Italia , Gotas Lipídicas/metabolismo , Gotas Lipídicas/patología , Melanoma/metabolismo , Melanoma/patología , Ratones , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/metabolismo , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/patologíaRESUMEN
A complete structural study has been carried out on sodium borophosphate glass containing increasing amounts of either niobium or tantalum. A combination of high energy x-ray diffraction, neutron diffraction, extended x-ray absorption fine structure, nuclear magnetic resonance, and infrared and Raman spectroscopy has been used to discern the local atomic structure of each component and the changes with M content, where M is either niobium or tantalum. The glasses are found to consist of tetrahedral borate and phosphate with octahedral MO(6). As expected, B and P play the roles of tetrahedral network formers. At low M content there are isolated MO(6) units with [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] linkages that contribute to the glass network. As the M content increases, the number of [Formula: see text] links increases, and at the highest M content each MO(6) unit is connected to several others. The octahedra become significantly distorted as the niobium content increases, an effect that is not seen for tantalum.
RESUMEN
13C NMR spectroscopy, in conjunction with HPLC and GC techniques, has been used to study the molecular composition of lipids extracted from commercial products of bottarga. To this goal, both the saponifiable and unsaponifiable fractions of lipid extracts were also examined by 13C NMR. Among the major lipid classes wax esters (WE) showed a concentration of more than 50mol%, triacylglycerols (TAG) and phospholipids (PL) represented a minor fraction. Concentrations up to 29mol% of free fatty acids (FFA) were found. The most represented fatty alcohol was 16:0 that accounted for more than 50%, among fatty acids the most represented were 16:1 n-7, 22:6 n-3, 18:1 n-9, 16:0, and 20:5 n-3, in particular the n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) averaged 40mg/g of the edible portion. 13C NMR spectroscopy put in evidence that cholesterol was present in its free and esterified forms and its total content was measured as ca. 10mg/g of the edible portion.
Asunto(s)
Lípidos/química , Óvulo/química , Smegmamorpha , Cloruro de Sodio/química , Alquenos/química , Animales , Cromatografía de Gases , Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión , Femenino , Espectroscopía de Resonancia Magnética , Nitrógeno/química , Oxígeno/químicaRESUMEN
This Minireview covers the methodological approaches of (23)Na NMR spectroscopy to the study of the structure and dynamics of the DNA molecule, in particular the application of the (23)Na NMR quadrupolar relaxation to investigate the perturbations on the polyion surface due to exogenous agents. A brief description of the (23)Na NMR quadrupolar relaxation and of the models used to describe the distribution of counterions around DNA, and the results of the application of the (23)Na NMR relaxation to the study of the cation-DNA interaction are also shown. Following sections present results of the investigation on ligand-DNA interaction and on ordered DNA systems.