RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: This study compared the concentrations of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-17, and IL-35 in the gingival crevicular fluid of periodontally healthy participants with individuals who had stage III and IV periodontitis. METHODS: In total, 60 participants with stage III grade B-C (n = 12)-stage IV grade C (n = 18) periodontitis and 30 healthy controls were included in this cross-sectional study. Full-mouth clinical periodontal measurements were performed. Concentrations of IL-6, IL-17, and IL-35 were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Parametric/nonparametric methods, Pearson's/Spearman's correlation, and logistic regression methods were used for data analyses. RESULTS: The periodontitis group exhibited significantly higher levels of IL-6, IL-17, and IL-35 compared with the healthy group (p < 0.001). IL-17 levels had a positive correlation with pocket depth (PD) (r = 0.395; p = 0.031) in the periodontitis group. IL-6, IL-17, and IL-35 levels were associated with periodontitis (odds ratio [OR] = 1.344, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.159-1.56; OR = 1.063, 95% CI = 1.025-1.102; OR = 1.261, 95% CI = 1.110-1.434, respectively) (p < 0.001, p = 0.001, p < 0.001, respectively). Full-mouth and sampling sites PD and clinical attachment loss (CAL) values were significantly higher in the periodontitis group than in the healthy group (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: This study revealed upregulated levels of IL-6, IL-17, and IL-35 in periodontitis patients compared to healthy individuals. IL-17 shows a correlation with increased PD. These findings suggest a potential association between these cytokines and severe and advanced periodontitis. TRIAL REGISTRATION: The trial was registered in ClinicalTrials.gov with this identifier NCT05306860 on 24/01/2022.
Asunto(s)
Líquido del Surco Gingival , Interleucina-17 , Interleucina-6 , Interleucinas , Periodontitis , Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Estudios Transversales , Ensayo de Inmunoadsorción Enzimática , Líquido del Surco Gingival/química , Interleucina-17/análisis , Interleucina-17/metabolismo , Interleucina-6/análisis , Interleucina-6/metabolismo , Interleucinas/análisis , Interleucinas/metabolismo , Índice Periodontal , Periodontitis/diagnóstico , Periodontitis/metabolismo , Periodontitis/patología , Estudios Prospectivos , Adulto Joven , AncianoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: We assessed the levels of Interleukin-10 (IL-10), Interleukin-12 (IL-12), and Interleukin-18 (IL-18) in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of subjects with advanced periodontitis (SIII-SIV) compared to healthy controls and evaluated their correlations with clinical measurements. METHODS: This cross-sectional study involved subjects (n = 60) diagnosed with stage III grade B-C (n = 13) to stage IV grade C (n = 17) periodontitis, and periodontally healthy controls (n = 30). Clinical periodontal measurements involved full-mouth. The concentrations of IL-10, IL-12, and IL-18 were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS: There were no significant differences in IL-12 level and IL-18/IL-10 ratio between the healthy and periodontitis groups (p = 0.413, p = 0.636, respectively). The IL-10 and IL-18 levels were significantly higher in the periodontitis group than in controls (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, respectively). Significant associations were observed between the periodontitis and IL-10 and IL-18 levels (OR = 1.46, %95 CI 1.19-1.795; OR = 1.13, %95 CI 1.059-1.207, respectively) (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: There was a correlation between pocket depth and the presence of IL-18 and a strong association between periodontitis and a high level of IL-18. However, there were no direct correlations among the three biomarkers and IL-18/IL-10 ratio, indicating that their roles in periodontal health are complex and multidimensional. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Understanding the cytokine dynamics in GCF provides valuable insights into their potential clinical implications for periodontal disease diagnosis, risk assessment, and tailored therapeutic interventions.