RESUMEN
ABSTRACT Introduction. Due to the cross-reactivity between SARS-CoV-2 and common human coronaviruses, previous infections with these viruses could contribute to serological or cellular cross-protection against severe COVID-19. However, protective immunity may not develop, or pre-existing immunity could increase COVID-19 severity. Objective. To determine the seroprevalence of IgG antibodies against HCoV-NL63 and HCoV-HKU1 and correlate previous exposure with COVID-19 signs in patients from Villavicencio. Materials and methods. A cross-sectional retrospective study was conducted. ELISA technique was used to search for IgG antibodies against HCoV-NL3 and HCoV-HKU1 in patients with positive RT-qPCR results for SARS-CoV-2. Patients were grouped according to COVID-19 clinical characteristics in four groups: group 1: asymptomatic (n = 23); group 2: hospitalized (n = 24); group 3: intensive care units (n = 24), and group 4: dead (n = 22). Results. The overall seroprevalence of IgG antibodies against HCoV was 74.2% (n = 69; 95% CI: 65.3-83.1), with 66.7% of HCoV-NL63 (n = 62; 95% CI: 57,1-76,2), and 25.8% of HCoV-HKU1 (n = 24; 95% CI: 16,9-34,7). Based on crosstab analysis, prior exposure to HCoV-NL63 was associated with protection against severe COVID-19 (p = 0.042; adjusted OR = 0.159; 95% CI: 0.027-0.938), and previous coinfection of HCoV-NL63 and HCoV-HKU1 was considered a positive association to severe COVID-19 (p = 0.048; adjusted OR = 16.704; 95% CI: 1.020 - 273.670). Conclusion. To our knowledge, this is the first study addressing seroprevalence of HCoV IgG antibodies in Colombia and Latin America. Previous exposure to HCoV-NL63 could protect against severe COVID-19, whereas patients with underlying HCoV-NL63 and HCoV-HKU1 coinfection could be hospitalized with severe signs of COVID-19.
RESUMEN Introducción. Debido a la reactividad cruzada entre SARS-CoV-2 y los coronavirus humanos comunes, las infecciones previas con estos virus podrían contribuir a la protección cruzada serológica o celular contra la COVID-19 grave. Sin embargo, la inmunidad protectora puede no desarrollarse o la inmunidad preexistente podría generar COVID-19 grave. Objetivo. Determinar la seroprevalencia de anticuerpos IgG frente a HCoV-NL63 y HCoV-HKU1, y correlacionar su previa exposición con los signos de COVID-19 en pacientes de Villavicencio. Materiales y métodos. Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo observacional analítico y transversal. Se utilizó la técnica ELISA para buscar anticuerpos IgG contra HCoV-NL3 y HCoV-HKU1 en pacientes con resultado positivo de RT-qPCR para SARS-CoV-2. Los pacientes se agruparon según los signos de COVID-19 en cuatro grupos: grupo 1: asintomáticos (n = 23); grupo 2: hospitalizados (n = 24); grupo 3: unidad de cuidados intensivos (n = 24), y grupo 4: fallecidos (n = 22). Resultados. La seroprevalencia general de IgG anti-HCoV fue de 74.2 % (n = 69; IC95%: 65,3-83,1), con 66,7 % de HCoV-NL63 (n = 62; IC95%: 57,1-76,2) y 25,8 % de HCoV-HKU1 (n = 24; [IC95%:16,9-34,7). Según el análisis de las tablas de contingencia, la exposición previa a HCoV-NL63 se asoció con protección de una COVID-19 grave (p = 0,042; OR ajustado = 0,159; IC95%: 0,027-0,938) y la previa coinfección de HCoV-NL63 y HCoV-HKU1 se asoció con padecimiento de signos clínicos graves por COVID-19 (p = 0,048; OR ajustado = 16,704; IC95%: 1,020- 73,670). Conclusión. Según la literatura revisada hasta la fecha, este es el primer estudio sobre la seroprevalencia de anticuerpos IgG de HCoV en Colombia y Latinoamérica. La exposición previa a HCoV-NL63 podría proteger contra la COVID-19 grave, mientras que los pacientes con coinfección subyacente de HCoV-NL63 y HCoV-HKU1 podrían resultar hospitalizados con signos graves de COVID-19.
RESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: Due to the cross-reactivity between SARS-CoV-2 and common human coronaviruses, previous infections with these viruses could contribute to serological or cellular cross-protection against severe COVID-19. However, protective immunity may not develop, or pre-existing immunity could increase COVID-19 severity. OBJECTIVE: To determine the seroprevalence of IgG antibodies against HCoV-NL63 and HCoV-HKU1 and correlate previous exposure with COVID-19 signs in patients from Villavicencio. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional retrospective study was conducted. ELISA technique was used to search for IgG antibodies against HCoV-NL3 and HCoV-HKU1 in patients with positive RT-qPCR results for SARS-CoV-2. Patients were grouped according to COVID-19 clinical characteristics in four groups: group 1: asymptomatic (n = 23); group 2: hospitalized (n = 24); group 3: intensive care units (n = 24), and group 4: dead (n = 22). RESULTS: The overall seroprevalence of IgG antibodies against HCoV was 74.2% (n = 69; 95% CI: 65.3-83.1), with 66.7% of HCoV-NL63 (n = 62; 95% CI: 57,1-76,2), and 25.8% of HCoV-HKU1 (n = 24; 95% CI: 16,9-34,7). Based on crosstab analysis, prior exposure to HCoV-NL63 was associated with protection against severe COVID-19 (p = 0.042; adjusted OR = 0.159; 95% CI: 0.027-0.938), and previous coinfection of HCoV-NL63 and HCoVHKU1 was considered a positive association to severe COVID-19 (p = 0.048; adjusted OR = 16.704; 95% CI: 1.020 - 273.670). CONCLUSION: To our knowledge, this is the first study addressing seroprevalence of HCoV IgG antibodies in Colombia and Latin America. Previous exposure to HCoV-NL63 could protect against severe COVID-19, whereas patients with underlying HCoV-NL63 and HCoVHKU1 coinfection could be hospitalized with severe signs of COVID-19.
Introducción: Debido a la reactividad cruzada entre SARS-CoV-2 y los coronavirus humanos comunes, las infecciones previas con estos virus podrían contribuir a la protección cruzada serológica o celular contra la COVID-19 grave. Sin embargo, la inmunidad protectora puede no desarrollarse o la inmunidad preexistente podría generar COVID-19 grave. Objetivo: Determinar la seroprevalencia de anticuerpos IgG frente a HCoV-NL63 y HCoVHKU1, y correlacionar su previa exposición con los signos de COVID-19 en pacientes de Villavicencio. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo observacional analítico y transversal. Se utilizó la técnica ELISA para buscar anticuerpos IgG contra HCoV-NL3 y HCoV-HKU1 en pacientes con resultado positivo de RT-qPCR para SARS-CoV-2. Los pacientes se agruparon según los signos de COVID-19 en cuatro grupos: grupo 1: asintomáticos (n = 23); grupo 2: hospitalizados (n = 24); grupo 3: unidad de cuidados intensivos (n = 24), y grupo 4: fallecidos (n = 22). Resultados: La seroprevalencia general de IgG anti-HCoV fue de 74.2 % (n = 69; IC95%: 65,3-83,1), con 66,7 % de HCoV-NL63 (n = 62; IC95% :57,1-76,2) y 25,8 % de HCoV-HKU1 (n = 24; [IC95%:16,9-34,7). Según el análisis de las tablas de contingencia, la exposición previa a HCoV-NL63 se asoció con protección de una COVID-19 grave (p = 0,042; OR ajustado = 0,159; IC95%: 0,027-0,938) y la previa coinfección de HCoV-NL63 y HCoV-HKU1 se asoció con padecimiento de signos clínicos graves por COVID-19 (p = 0,048; OR ajustado = 16,704; IC95%: 1,020- 73,670). Conclusión: Según la literatura revisada hasta la fecha, este es el primer estudio sobre la seroprevalencia de anticuerpos IgG de HCoV en Colombia y Latinoamérica. La exposición previa a HCoV-NL63 podría proteger contra la COVID-19 grave, mientras que los pacientes con coinfección subyacente de HCoV-NL63 y HCoV-HKU1 podrían resultar hospitalizados con signos graves de COVID-19.
Asunto(s)
Anticuerpos Antivirales , COVID-19 , Coronavirus Humano NL63 , Inmunoglobulina G , SARS-CoV-2 , Humanos , Estudios Seroepidemiológicos , COVID-19/epidemiología , COVID-19/inmunología , Colombia/epidemiología , Estudios Transversales , Estudios Retrospectivos , Coronavirus Humano NL63/inmunología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Femenino , Adulto , Inmunoglobulina G/sangre , Anticuerpos Antivirales/sangre , SARS-CoV-2/inmunología , Anciano , Adulto Joven , AdolescenteRESUMEN
This study aims to describe the main tools for integrative geriatric assessment and their use in Ecuador. We performed a narrative review with a comprehensive and systematic literature search. 261 original articles were obtained from the primary search, and after the discrimination by the researchers, 76 articles were included in the final analysis. Integrative geriatric assessments cover different areas, including cognitive function, affective function, nutritional status and functionality, and seve-ral tools that are used worldwide for this purpose. In Ecuador, a deeper analysis of their use is required to evaluate their diagnostic efficacy and applicability to impro-ve health outcomes for the elderly population.
Este estudio tiene como objetivo describir las principales herramientas de evalua-ción integral geriátrica y su uso en el Ecuador. Realizamos una revisión narrativa con una búsqueda bibliográfica exhaustiva y sistemática. De la búsqueda primaria se obtuvieron 261 artículos originales, y luego de la discriminación por parte de los investigadores, se incluyeron 76 artículos en el análisis final. La evaluación ge-riátrica cubre diferentes áreas, incluida la función cognitiva, la función afectiva, el estado nutricional y la funcionalidad, y se utilizan varias herramientas en todo el mundo para este propósito. En Ecuador se requiere un análisis más profundo de su uso para evaluar su eficacia diagnóstica y aplicabilidad con el fin de mejorar los resultados de salud de la población adulta mayor.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Anciano , Salud del Anciano , Geriatría/métodos , Atención Primaria de Salud , Pesos y Medidas , DiagnósticoRESUMEN
In Chile, edible herbs are mainly grown by small farmers. This type of horticultural crop typically requires intensive management because it is highly susceptible to insects, some of which transmit viruses that severely affect crop yield and quality. In 2019, in coriander plants tested negative for all previously reported viruses, RNA-Seq analysis of one symptomatic plant revealed a plethora of viruses, including one virus known to infect coriander, five viruses never reported in coriander, and a new cytorhabdovirus with a 14,180 nucleotide RNA genome for which the species name Cytorhabdovirus coriandrum was proposed. Since all the detected viruses were aphid-borne, aphids and weeds commonly growing around the coriander field were screened for viruses. The results showed the occurrence of the same seven viruses and the alfalfa mosaic virus, another aphid-borne virus, in aphids and weeds. Together, our findings document the presence of multiple viruses in coriander and the potential role of weeds as virus reservoirs for aphid acquisition.
Asunto(s)
Áfidos , Coriandrum , Virus de Plantas , Virus , Animales , Chile/epidemiología , Plantas , Enfermedades de las Plantas , Virus de Plantas/genéticaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Integrated molecular testing could be an opportunity to detect and provide care for both tuberculosis and COVID-19. Many high tuberculosis burden countries, such as Peru, have existing GeneXpert systems for tuberculosis testing with GeneXpert Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra (Xpert Ultra), and a GeneXpert SARS-CoV-2 assay, GeneXpert Xpert Xpress SARS-CoV-2 (Xpert Xpress), is also available. We aimed to assess the feasibility of integrating tuberculosis and COVID-19 testing using one sputum specimen with Xpert Ultra and Xpert Xpress in Lima, Peru. METHODS: In this cross-sectional, diagnostic accuracy study, we recruited adults presenting with clinical symptoms or suggestive history of tuberculosis or COVID-19, or both. Participants were recruited from a total of 35 primary health facilities in Lima, Peru. Participants provided one nasopharyngeal swab and one sputum sample. For COVID-19, we tested nasopharyngeal swabs and sputum using Xpert Xpress; for tuberculosis, we tested sputum using culture and Xpert Ultra. We compared diagnostic accuracy of sputum testing using Xpert Xpress with nasopharyngeal swab testing using Xpert Xpress. Individuals with positive Xpert Xpress nasopharyngeal swab results were considered COVID-19 positive, and a positive culture indicated tuberculosis. To assess testing integration, the proportion of cases identified in sputum by Xpert Xpress was compared with Xpert Xpress on nasopharyngeal swabs, and sputum by Xpert Ultra was compared with culture. FINDINGS: Between Jan 11, 2021, and April 26, 2022, we recruited 600 participants (312 [52%] women and 288 [48%] men). In-study prevalence of tuberculosis was 13% (80 participants, 95% CI 11-16) and of SARS-CoV-2 was 35% (212 participants, 32-39). Among tuberculosis cases, 13 (2·2%, 1·2-3·7) participants were concurrently positive for SARS-CoV-2. Regarding the diagnostic yield of integrated testing, Xpert Ultra detected 96% (89-99) of culture-confirmed tuberculosis cases (n=77), and Xpert Xpress-sputum detected 67% (60-73) of COVID-19 cases (n=134). All five study staff reported that integrated molecular testing was easy and acceptable. INTERPRETATION: The diagnostic yield of Xpert Xpress on sputum was moderate, but integrated testing for tuberculosis and COVID-19 with GeneXpert was feasible. However, systematic testing for both diseases might not be the ideal approach for everyone presenting with presumptive tuberculosis or COVID-19, as concurrent positive cases were rare during the study period. Further research might help to identify when integrated testing is most worthwhile and its optimal implementation. FUNDING: Canadian Institutes of Health Research and International Development Research Centre. TRANSLATION: For the Spanish translation of the abstract see Supplementary Materials section.
Asunto(s)
COVID-19 , Mycobacterium tuberculosis , Tuberculosis Pulmonar , Tuberculosis , Masculino , Adulto , Humanos , Femenino , Tuberculosis Pulmonar/diagnóstico , Tuberculosis Pulmonar/epidemiología , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/genética , Prueba de COVID-19 , Estudios Transversales , Perú/epidemiología , Sensibilidad y Especificidad , COVID-19/diagnóstico , COVID-19/epidemiología , SARS-CoV-2/genética , Canadá , Tuberculosis/diagnóstico , Tuberculosis/epidemiología , Técnicas de Diagnóstico Molecular/métodosRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: In order to generate independent performance data regarding accuracy of COVID-19 antigen-based rapid diagnostic tests (Ag-RDTs), prospective diagnostic evaluation studies across multiple sites are required to evaluate their performance in different clinical settings. This report describes the clinical evaluation the GENEDIA W COVID-19 Ag Device (Green Cross Medical Science Corp., Chungbuk, Korea) and the ActiveXpress+ COVID-19 Complete Testing Kit (Edinburgh Genetics Ltd, UK), in two testing sites Peru and the United Kingdom. METHODS: Nasopharyngeal swabs collected from 456 symptomatic patients at primary points of care in Lima, Peru and 610 symptomatic participants at a COVID-19 Drive-Through testing site in Liverpool, England were analyzed by Ag-RDT and compared to RT-PCR. Analytical evaluation of both Ag-RDTs was assessed using serial dilutions of direct culture supernatant of a clinical SARS-CoV-2 isolate from the B.1.1.7 lineage. RESULTS: For GENEDIA brand, the values of overall sensitivity and specificity were 60.4% [95% CI 52.4-67.9%], and 99.2% [95% CI 97.6-99.7%] respectively; and for Active Xpress+ the overall values of sensitivity and specificity were 66.2% [95% CI 54.0-76.5%], and 99.6% [95% CI 97.9-99.9%] respectively. The analytical limit of detection was determined at 5.0 x 102 pfu/ml what equals to approximately 1.0 x 104 gcn/ml for both Ag-RDTs. The UK cohort had lower median Ct values compared to that of Peru during both evaluations. When split by Ct, both Ag-RDTs had optimum sensitivities at Ct<20 (in Peru; 95% [95% CI 76.4-99.1%] and 100.0% [95% CI 74.1-100.0%] and in the UK; 59.2% [95% CI 44.2-73.0%] and 100.0% [95% CI 15.8-100.0%], for the GENDIA and the ActiveXpress+, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Whilst the overall clinical sensitivity of the Genedia did not meet WHO minimum performance requirements for rapid immunoassays in either cohort, the ActiveXpress+ did so for the small UK cohort. This study illustrates comparative performance of Ag-RDTs across two global settings and considers the different approaches in evaluation methods.
Asunto(s)
COVID-19 , SARS-CoV-2 , Humanos , Perú , Estudios Prospectivos , Reino Unido , Prueba de COVID-19RESUMEN
Introducción. El cáncer de próstata es la neoplasia más frecuente en hombres. La prostatectomía radical es el tratamiento de elección para el cáncer de próstata localizado. Una de las complicaciones más frecuentes de este tipo de cirugía es la incontinencia urinaria, la que impacta negativamente en la calidad de vida de los pacientes. El biofeedback es una de las intervenciones terapéuticas que forman parte del tratamiento conservador de primera línea para la incontinencia urinaria post prostatectomía, sin embargo, no existe consenso sobre su protocolo de aplicación. Objetivo. Conocer la evidencia disponible sobre el uso del biofeedback en el tratamiento de la Incontinencia Urinaria en pacientes post prostatectomía. Métodos. Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en las bases de Datos: Science Direct:,Mendeley, Medline, Pubmed, Epistemonikos, Ibecs, Lilacs y Scielo. Se obtuvo un total de 172 artículos, de los cuales 12 cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión y exclusión siendo seleccionados para la síntesis cualitativa. Resultados. Los 12 artículos seleccionados tienen una amplia variabilidad en los protocolos de aplicación del biofeedback. Las principales intervenciones para el tratamiento de la incontinencia urinaria post prostatectomía radical, efectuados en estos estudios, son el entrenamiento muscular de piso pélvico con biofeedback y/o electroestimulación. La mayor efectividad terapéutica con BFB se obtuvo en los estudios que combinan EMPP, BFB y EE. Conclusión. El uso de biofeedback en el tratamiento de la incontinencia urinaria post prostatectomía presenta amplia variabilidad en los protocolos de aplicación. La mayor efectividad se obtiene en terapias combinadas.
Background. Prostate cancer is the most frequent neoplasm in men. Radical prostatectomy is the treatment of choice for localized prostate cancer. One of the most frequent complications of this type of surgery is urinary incontinence, which has a negative impact on the quality of life of patients. Biofeedback is one of the therapeutic interventions that are part of the first-line conservative treatment for post-prostatectomy urinary incontinence; however, there is no consensus on its application protocol. Objective. To know the available evidence on the use of biofeedback in the treatment of urinary incontinence in post prostatectomy patients. Methods. A bibliographic search was carried out in the following databases: Science Direct, Mendeley, Medline, Pubmed, Epistemonikos, Ibecs, Lilacs and Scielo. A total of 172 articles were obtained, of which 12 fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria and were selected for qualitative synthesis. Results. The 12 selected articles have a wide variability in the biofeedback application protocols. The main interventions for the treatment of urinary incontinence after radical prostatectomy, performed in these studies, are pelvic floor muscle training with biofeedback and/or electrostimulation. The greatest therapeutic effectiveness with BFB was obtained in the studies combining PFMT, BFB and ES. Conclusion. The use of biofeedback in the treatment of post-prostatectomy urinary incontinence presents a wide variability in the application protocols.
RESUMEN
Resumen La afectación cardíaca por tumor carcinoide (síndrome de Hedinger) sigue siendo una causa importante de morbilidad y mortalidad entre los pacientes con síndrome carcinoide y tumores neuroendocrinos metastásicos. El estudio de imagen inicial ante la sospecha clínica es el ecocardiograma transtorácico, el cual es importante para la detección temprana de la afectación cardíaca. La cirugía cardíaca, en casos apropiados, es la única terapia definitiva para el tumor carcinoide con afectación cardíaca y mejora los síntomas del paciente y la supervivencia. El tratamiento es complejo y multidisciplinario; el estado cardíaco, el síndrome hormonal y la carga tumoral son fundamentales para guiar el momento óptimo de la cirugía. Se presenta el caso de una paciente joven, con síndrome de Hedinger con afectación valvular tricúspide y pulmonar, quien recibió tratamiento quirúrgico y tuvo evolución exitosa.
Abstract Cardiac carcinoid tumor involvement (Hedinger's syndrome) remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality among patients with carcinoid syndrome and metastatic neuroendocrine tumors. The initial imaging study in case of clinical suspicion is the transthoracic echocardiogram, which is important for the early detection of cardiac involvement. Cardiac surgery, in appropriate cases, is the only definitive therapy for carcinoid tumor with cardiac involvement and improves patient symptoms and survival. Treatment is complex and multidisciplinary; cardiac status, hormonal syndrome, and tumor burden are essential to guide the optimal timing of surgery. The case of a young female patient with Hedinger's syndrome with tricuspid and pulmonary valve involvement, who received surgical treatment and had a successful evolution.
RESUMEN
The presence of moderate to severe paravalvular leak increases mortality. We present a case of giant paravalvular leak closure using the 3-dimensional printing model to assess the success of the device to be used for its closure, computed tomography was performed for planning and guiding the procedure by image fusion. (Level of Difficulty: Advanced.).
RESUMEN
Metabolic disturbances are linked to neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer disease (AD). However, the cellular mechanisms underlying this connection are unclear. We evaluated the role of oxidative stress (OS), during early metabolic syndrome (MetS), on amyloidogenic processes in a MetS rat model induced by sucrose. MetS caused OS damage as indicated by serum and hypothalamus lipid peroxidation and elevated serum catalase activity. Tissue catalase and superoxide dismutase activity were unchanged by MetS, but gene expression of nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-like 2 (NFE2L2), which up-regulates expression of antioxidant enzymes, was higher. Expression of amyloid-ß cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE-1) and amyloid precursor protein (APP), key proteins in the amyloidogenesis pathway, were slightly increased by sucrose-intake in the hippocampus and hypothalamus. Activation and expression of protein kinase B (PKB) and AMP-dependent protein kinase (AMPK), pivotal proteins in metabolism and energy signaling, were similarly affected in the hippocampus and hypothalamus of MetS rats. Brain creatine kinase activity decreased in brain tissues from rats with MetS, mainly due to irreversible oxidation. Chronic metformin administration partially reversed oxidative damage in sucrose-fed animals, together with increased AMPK activation; probably by modulating BACE-1 and NFE2L2. AMPK activation may be considered as a preventive therapy for early MetS and associated neurodegenerative diseases.
Asunto(s)
Proteínas Quinasas Activadas por AMP/metabolismo , Enfermedad de Alzheimer/etiología , Enfermedad de Alzheimer/metabolismo , Péptidos beta-Amiloides/metabolismo , Metabolismo Energético , Estrés Oxidativo , Sacarosa/metabolismo , Enfermedad de Alzheimer/patología , Alimentación Animal , Animales , Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Biomarcadores , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Susceptibilidad a Enfermedades , Metabolismo Energético/efectos de los fármacos , Regulación Enzimológica de la Expresión Génica , Síndrome Metabólico/etiología , Síndrome Metabólico/metabolismo , Síndrome Metabólico/patología , Metformina/farmacología , Estrés Oxidativo/efectos de los fármacos , Ratas , Transducción de Señal/efectos de los fármacosAsunto(s)
Pruebas Diagnósticas de Rutina/estadística & datos numéricos , Accesibilidad a los Servicios de Salud , Atención Primaria de Salud , Diagnóstico , Accesibilidad a los Servicios de Salud/estadística & datos numéricos , Humanos , Perú , Atención Primaria de Salud/normas , Atención Primaria de Salud/estadística & datos numéricosRESUMEN
Bone is a metabolically active organ subjected to continuous remodeling process that involves resorption by osteoclast and subsequent formation by osteoblasts. Osteoclast involvement in this physiological event is regulated by macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) and receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL). Fusion of mono-nuclear pre-osteoclasts is a critical event for osteoclast differentiation and for bone resorption. Here we show that PBMCs can be successfully fused with polyethylenglicol (PEG) in order to generated viable osteoclast-like cells that exhibit tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) and bone resorptive activities. PEG-fused PBMCs expressed additional markers compatible with osteoclastogenic differentiation such as carbonic anhydrase II (CAII), calcitonin receptor (CR), cathepsin K (Cat K), vacuolar ATPase (V-ATPase) subunit C1 (V-ATPase), integrin ß3, RANK and cell surface aminopeptidase N/CD13. Actin redistribution in PEG-fused cells was found to be affected by cell cycle synchronization at G0/G1 or G2/M phases. PEG-induced fusion also led to expression of tyrosine kinases c-Src and Syk in their phosphorylated state. Scanning electron microscopy images showed morphological features typical of osteoclast-like cells. The results here shown allow concluding that PEG-induced fusion of PBMCs provides a suitable model system for understanding the mechanisms involved in osteoclastogenesis and for assaying new therapeutic strategies.
Asunto(s)
Diferenciación Celular , Fusión Celular , Leucocitos Mononucleares/metabolismo , Osteoclastos/citología , Biomarcadores/análisis , Biomarcadores/sangre , Resorción Ósea , Células Cultivadas , Humanos , Leucocitos Mononucleares/citología , Modelos Biológicos , Polietilenglicoles , Fosfatasa Ácida Tartratorresistente/metabolismoRESUMEN
The bone remodeling process occurs through bone formation by osteoblasts and bone resorption by osteoclasts, a process involving the contribution of endocrine and nervous systems. The mechanisms associated to differentiation and proliferation of osteoclasts and osteoblasts are considered a potential therapeutic target for treating some erosive bone diseases. The aim of the present study is to explore the feasibility of generating active osteoclast-like cells from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) following polyethylene glycol (PEG)-induced fusion. PEG-fused PBMCs showed TRAP+-multinucleated cells and bone resorption activity, and were also positive for osteoclast markers such as carbonic anhydrase II, calcitonin receptor, vacuolar ATPase, and cathepsin K, when examined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, immunochemistry and Western blotting. TRAP expression and bone resorptive activity were higher in whole PEG-fused PBMCs than in separated T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes or monocytes. Both TRAP expression and bone resorptive activity were also higher in osteogenesis imperfecta patients compared to PEG-fused PBMCs from healthy individuals. PEG-induced fusion was more efficient in inducing TRAP and bone resorptive activities than macrophage colony-stimulating factor or dexamethasone treatment. Bone resorptive activity of PEG-fused PMBCs was inhibited by bisphosphonates. Evidence is provided that the use of PEG-based cell fusion is a straightforward and amenable method for studying human osteoclast differentiation and testing new therapeutic strategies.
Asunto(s)
Resorción Ósea/metabolismo , Leucocitos Mononucleares/citología , Osteoclastos/citología , Polietilenglicoles/farmacología , Adolescente , Linfocitos B/citología , Linfocitos B/metabolismo , Técnicas de Cultivo de Célula , Fusión Celular , Células Cultivadas , Niño , Dexametasona/farmacología , Difosfonatos/farmacología , Humanos , Leucocitos Mononucleares/metabolismo , Factor Estimulante de Colonias de Macrófagos/farmacología , Monocitos/citología , Monocitos/metabolismo , Osteoblastos/citología , Osteoblastos/metabolismo , Osteoclastos/metabolismo , Osteogénesis Imperfecta/fisiopatología , Linfocitos T/citología , Linfocitos T/metabolismo , Fosfatasa Ácida Tartratorresistente/metabolismoRESUMEN
El presente articulo muestra los resultados de la primera fase del proyecto de investigación titulado: Diferenciación en el razonamiento clínico de estudiantes, novatos y expertos en el campo de la rehabilitación humana el cual se desarrolla en la red hospitalaria Méderi, a cargo de los autores del presente documento. Para esta fase se realizó un muestreo intencionado de la categoría razonamiento Clínico cuyos criterios de inclusión para la selección de la muestra fueron: documentos publicados en diferentes épocas, revisión de publicaciones en revistas indexadas de las bases de datos Sciencie Direct, Ovid, Medline y libros publicados que contuvieran temas relacionados con el objeto de esta revisión a nivel local, nacional e internacional. El total de la muestra fue de 80 documentos, de los cuales 15 corresponden a capítulos de libro y 60 a artículos de revista. Todos los documentos fueron revisados y analizados sistemáticamente a través de la estrategia de reseñas críticas. Posteriormente se realizó el cotejo de la información, mediante el análisis narrativo de contenido, lo que permitió identificar los significados comprendidos en la muestra.
This paper shows the results of the first phase of the research project entitled "Differentiation in the clinical reasoning of students, beginners and experts in the field of human rehabilitation," which takes place in the Méderi hospital network, conducted by the authors of this paper. For this phase we sampled more intentional "Clinical reasoning" whose inclusion criteria for the selection of the sample were: documents published at different times, review of publications in journals indexed in Science Direct database, Ovid, Medline and books containing themes related to the subject of this review locally, nationally and internationally. The total sample consisted of 80 documents, of which 15 correspond to book chapters and 60 journal articles. All documents were reviewed and analyzed systematically through the strategy of critical reviews. Finally, we reviewed all the collected information through the narrative content analysis, which identified the meanings in the sample.
Asunto(s)
Adulto , Rehabilitación , Investigación , MuestreoRESUMEN
The nephrotic syndrome is a renal disease characterized by proteinuria, hypoproteinemia, edema and hyperlipidemia. It has been reported that female nephrotic rats are characterized by loss of the oestrus cycle, follicle atresia, low gonadotropin and steroid concentrations; particularly, undetectable estradiol levels. Therefore, to determine the mechanisms involved in the ovarian steroidogenesis impairment, in this present study we evaluated the ovarian expression of the essential steroidogenesis components: cytochrome P450 side cholesterol chain cleavage enzyme (P450scc) and steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR). The experiments were conducted in the rat experimental model of nephrosis induced by puromycin aminonucleoside (PAN) and in control groups. The evaluation of the expression of P450scc and StAR mRNA were performed during the acute phase of nephrosis as well as after the exogenous administration of 1 or 4 doses of human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG), or a daily dose of FSH or FSH+hCG for 10 days. In addition, serum hormone concentrations, intra-ovarian steroid content, and the reproductive capacity were determined. The results revealed a decreased expression of mRNA of P450scc enzyme and StAR during nephrosis, and eventhough they increased after gonadotropins treatment, they did not conduce to a normal cycling rat period or fertility recovery. This study demonstrates that the mechanism by which ovarian steroid biosynthesis is altered during acute nephrosis involves damage at the P450scc and StAR mRNA synthesis and processing.
Asunto(s)
Enzima de Desdoblamiento de la Cadena Lateral del Colesterol/biosíntesis , Síndrome Nefrótico/enzimología , Ovario/metabolismo , Fosfoproteínas/biosíntesis , Esteroides/biosíntesis , Animales , Northern Blotting , Enzima de Desdoblamiento de la Cadena Lateral del Colesterol/genética , Gonadotropina Coriónica/farmacología , Ciclo Estral , Femenino , Hormona Folículo Estimulante/farmacología , Indicadores y Reactivos , Síndrome Nefrótico/genética , Ovario/enzimología , Fosfoproteínas/genética , ARN Mensajero/biosíntesis , ARN Mensajero/genética , Ratas , Ratas WistarRESUMEN
Objetivo: explorar el concepto de género como una categoría de construcción sociocultural, política e histórica, y su relación con el concepto de discapacidad, con el fin de demostrar la urgencia de definir las implicaciones que dicha relación tiene en la construcción de la identidad y la subjetividad de las personas con discapacidad. Metodología: se plantea un estudio cualitativo de corte fenomenológico. Para su construcción se realizó una revisión documental con todo el rigor científico requerido para ésta. Resultados: la construcción de la categoría de género se plantea como producto sociocultural, político e histórico que influye en la construcción de la identidad y la subjetividad a partir de cuerpos sexuados. Conclusión: se presenta la relación entre las categorías género y discapacidad y su importancia en la construcción de identidad y subjetividad.
The objective was to explore the concept of gender as a category of historical, political, social- cultural construction and its relation with the concept of disability with the purpose of demonstrate the urgency to define the implications that this relation has in the construction of identity and subjectivity of disability persons. Methodology: A qualitative study of cut is presented fenomenological by middle of documentary revision with all the scientific severity required for this. Results: The category of gender is construed as social-cultural and historical product that influences the construction of the identity and the subjectivity from sexlinked bodies. Conclusion: The relation between the categories gender and disability and its importance in the construction of identity and subjectivity.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Identidad de Género , Personas con Discapacidad , Metodología como un TemaRESUMEN
El presente texto tiene por objeto proponer desde fisioterapia un análisis y abordaje integrales ante la situación problema planeada en el volumen anterior de la Revista (Revista Ciencias de la Salud, 3(1):82). El análisis se realiza a partir de tres planteamientos teóricos: a) una concepción epistemológica holística de la fisioterapia, busca explicar, analizar y vislumbrar el movimiento humano como objeto de estudio de la fisioterapia a partir de un énfasis multidisciplinar. En esa búsqueda acude a las ciencias sociales y humanas alimentando la comprensión funcionalista del movimiento integrada en el sujeto. Desde esta perspectiva se rescata un proceso de potencialización dela capacidad motora según las demandas del entorno. Así, se plantea que el movimiento no se limita a las deficiencias biológicas y funcionales. b) Una comprensión del movimiento como un sistema complejo. Esta teoría es considerada por la academia como la actual base conceptual en el tema del control motor, incorporando conceptos de otras ciencias para dar solución a problemas específicos con tareas específicas
The present text aims to propose from physiotherapy a comprehensive analysis and approach to the problem situation planned in the previous volume of the Journal (Revista Ciencias de la Salud, 3(1):82). The analysis is based on three theoretical approaches: a) a holistic epistemological conception of physiotherapy, which seeks to explain, analyze and glimpse the human movement as an object of study of physiotherapy from a multidisciplinary emphasis. In this search, it turns to the social and human sciences feeding the functionalist understanding of movement integrated in the subject. From this perspective, a process of potentiation of the motor capacity according to the demands of the environment is rescued. Thus, it is proposed that movement is not limited to biological and functional deficiencies. b) An understanding of movement as a complex system. This theory is considered by academia as the current conceptual basis on the subject of motor control, incorporating concepts from other sciences to solve specific problems with specific tasks
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Fisioterapeutas , Violencia , Factores de Riesgo , Ambiente , Actividad MotoraRESUMEN
Se presenta el caso de una mujer de 21 años de edad, quien el 28 de octubre de 2001 sufre accidente por herida de arma de fuego con orificio de entrada en la línea axilar media izquierda y sin orificio de salida. Es trasladada a un Centro de Atención Médica Inmediata (CAMI) donde le diagnostican trauma raquimedular nivel T8. Por el grado de complejidad del cuadro clínico, es remitida a una Empresa Social del Estado (ESE) de tercer nivel de atención para manejo integral. A su ingreso al Servicio de Urgencias refiere dolor intenso en el tórax con dificultad respiratoria y pérdida de la fuerza en los miembros inferiores. Le realizan perfil de ingreso y le diagnostican trauma raquimedular T8 Frankel A, Hemoneumotórax bilateral y lesión diafragmática.
The case of a 21-year-old woman is presented. On October 28, 2001, she suffered an accident due to a firearm wound with an entry wound in the left mid-axillary line and no exit wound. She was taken to a Center for Immediate Medical Attention (CAMI) where she was diagnosed with T8 level spinal cord trauma. Due to the degree of complexity of the clinical picture, she was referred to a third level of care Empresa Social del Estado (ESE) for comprehensive management. Upon admission to the Emergency Department, she reported severe chest pain with respiratory distress and loss of strength in the lower limbs. She underwent an admission profile and was diagnosed with T8 Frankel A spinal trauma, bilateral hemopneumothorax and diaphragmatic injury.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Femenino , Adulto , Modalidades de Fisioterapia , Heridas y Lesiones , Accidentes , Hemoneumotórax , LaparotomíaRESUMEN
Se presenta el caso de una niña de 2 años 3 meses de edad con: fiebre, dolor abdominal, leucocitos de 39,000 mm3 y bandas 14 por ciento. fue catalogada como fiebre de origen obscuro. Con urocultivo y hemocultivo negativos. Al realizar ultrasonido abdominal como parte de su protocolo de estudio se encontró imagen hipoecóica en riñon derecho sugestiva de abceso renal, la tomografía computada de abdomen confirmó el diagnóstico de carbúnculo renal bilateral. Fue manejada con vancomicina endovenosa con resolución completa de los abscesos