RESUMEN

The antifungal activity of Serratia plymuthica CCGG2742, a bacterial strain isolated from grapes berries skin, against a phytopathogenic fungus isolated from blueberries was evaluated in vitro and in vivo. In order to characterize the wild fungal isolate, phylogenetic analysis using concatenated DNA sequences from the RPB2 and TEF1 genes and of the ITS region was performed, allowing the identification of the fungal isolate that was called Alternaria tenuissima CC17. Hyphae morphology, mycelium ultrastructure, conidia and reproductive structures were in agreement with the phylogenetic analysis. The antifungal activity of the S. plymuthica strain was dependent on the composition of the culture medium. The greatest inhibition of mycelial growth of A. tenuissima CC17 by S. plymuthica CCGG2742 was observed on YTS medium, which lacks of an easily assimilable carbon source. Fungal growth medium supplemented with 50 % of bacterial supernatant decreased the conidia germination of A. tenuissima CC17 up to 32 %. Preventive applications of S. plymuthica CCGG2742 to blueberries and tomato leaves at conidia:bacteria ratio of 1:100, protected in 77.8 ± 4.6 % and 98.2 ± 0.6 % to blueberries and tomato leaves from infection caused by A. tenuissima CC17, respectively. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the antifungal activity of S. plymuthica against A. tenuissima, which could be used as a biological control agent of plant diseases caused by this fungal species. In addition, the results of this work could be a starting point to attribute the real importance of A. tenuissima as a pathogen of blueberries in Chile, which until now had been considered almost exclusively to A. alternata. Likewise, this research could be relevant to start developing highly effective strategies based on S. plymuthica CCGG2742 for the control of this important phytopathogenic fungus.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Myrosinases (EC 3.2.1.147) are enzymes known for the generation of hydrolysis products that have a potential beneficial effect on human health. Their reaction mechanisms are widely studied, in order to improve and optimize secondary metabolite production processes. In this work, kinetic and biochemical properties of the broccoli myrosinase enzyme produced from its cDNA cloned in Escherichia coli and Saccharomyces cerevisiae were investigated. The results revealed that the thermal stability of the enzyme produced in S. cerevisiae was slightly higher (30 to 60 °C) than that of myrosinase produced in E. coli (20 to 50 °C). The effect of pH on the enzymatic activity was similar in both enzymes, with pH 3 being the optimum value under the reaction conditions used. The kinetic behavior of both enzymes was adjusted to the Michaelis-Menten model. The catalytic efficiency was up to 4 times higher in myrosinase produced in S. cerevisiae, compared to myrosinase produced in E. coli. The glycosylations present in the enzyme would be related to the formation of a dimeric quaternary structure and would not play an essential role in enzymatic activity, since both enzymes were biologically active. These results will probably allow the development of strategies for the production of bioactive metabolites of medical interest.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

RESUMEN En el actual contexto de transición nutricional es necesario explorar los factores que afectan la elección de alimentos en la población peruana, por ello el objetivo del estudio fue validar el instrumento Food Choice Questionnaire (FCQ) en Lima Metropolitana. Se realizó un estudio de corte transversal para validar el instrumento FCQ diseñado por Steptoe. Se desarrollaron 4 etapas: revisión del FCQ y adecuación al español, validación semántica y de contenido con expertos, validación de constructo utilizando el análisis factorial de componentes principales y análisis de fiabilidad con el Alfa de Cronbach. Los resultados de la validez semántica y de contenido permitieron obtener un instrumento modificado agregándose el factor "Entorno social". En la validación de constructo se realizó un análisis factorial y luego de 4 iteraciones se depuraron 7 ítems resultando un instrumento con 10 factores y 36 ítems, que respondían al 62,6% de la varianza; posteriormente con los resultados del análisis de fiabilidad, el cuestionario FCQ se redujo a 8 factores y 32 ítems. En conclusión, se obtuvo una versión validada del cuestionario FCQ para ser utilizado en población de 18 a 29 años de la capital del Perú. El cuestionario validado consta de 8 factores incluyéndose el "Entorno social". Son necesarios otros estudios en diferentes regiones y grupos poblacionales para recoger nuevos factores que influyen en la elección de alimentos.

ABSTRACT In the current nutrition transition context, the exploration of associated factors with food choices in the Peruvian population is necessary; therefore the study's objective was to validate the Food Choice Questionnaire (FCQ) in Metropolitan Lima. A cross-sectional design was conducted to validate the FCQ instrument designed by Steptoe. It was developed in 4 stages: FCQ's review and adaptation to Spanish, semantic and content validation with experts, construct validity using factorial analysis of principal components, and reliability analysis using Cronbach's Alpha. The results of the semantic and content validity produced a modified instrument with one "social environment" factor and 6 more items. For construct validity, a factorial analysis was performed and after 4 iterations, 7 items were removed, resulting an instrument with 10 factors and 36 items, which explained 62.6% of the variance. Finally, with the results of the reliability analysis, the FCQ questionnaire was reduced to 8 factors and 32 items. In conclusion, a validated version of the FCQ questionnaire was obtained to be used in 18 to 29 years old population of the capital city of Peru. The questionnaire validated consists of 8 factors including the "social environment". Other studies in different regions and population groups are necessary to collect new factors that influence food choices.

RESUMEN

RESUMEN La peritonitis esclerosante encapsulante es una rara entidad de baja incidencia. Su fisiopatología no está clara, reconociéndose dos tipos: idiopática y secundaria, esta última generalmente como complicación de la diálisis peritoneal. Su diagnóstico suele ser tardío manifestándose con clínica de obstrucción intestinal. Es importante conocer los signos radiológicos. Asocia una alta mortalidad, por lo que es fundamental sospecharla precozmente e incluirla en el diagnóstico diferencial de los cuadros de obstrucción intestinal. Presentamos el caso de una obstrucción intestinal como forma de presentación de una peritonitis esclerosante encapsulante.

ABSTRACT Sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis is a rare condition with a low incidence rate. The pathophysiology of this disease is not clear, though two types are distinguished: idiopathic and secondary; the latter usually occurs as a peritoneal dialysis complication. The diagnosis of the condition is usually delayed and it presents with intestinal obstruction. It is important to know the X-ray findings. This disease is associated with a high mortality rate; therefore, early detection and a differential diagnosis in cases of intestinal obstruction are important. We report a case of intestinal obstruction as a clinical manifestation of sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis.

RESUMEN

Brassicaceae are an outstanding source of bioactive compounds such as ascorbic acid, polyphenols, essential minerals, isothiocyanates and their precursors, glucosinolates (GSL). Recently, GSL gained great attention because of the health promoting properties of their hydrolysis products: isothiocyanates. Among them, sulforaphane (SFN) became the most attractive one owing to its remarkable health-promoting properties. SFN may prevent different types of cancer and has the ability to improve hypertensive states, to prevent type 2 diabetes-induced cardiomyopathy, and to protect against gastric ulcer. SFN may also help in schizophrenia treatment, and recently it was proposed that SFN has potential to help those who struggle with obesity. The mechanism underlying the health-promoting effect of SFN relates to its indirect action at cellular level by inducing antioxidant and Phase II detoxifying enzymes through the activation of transcription nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like (Nrf2). The effect of SFN on immune response is generating scientific interest, because of its bioavailability, which is much higher than other phytochemicals, and its capacity to induce Nrf2 target genes. Clinical trials suggest that sulforaphane produces favorable results in cases where pharmaceutical products fail. This article provides a revision about the relationship between sulforaphane and immune response in different diseases. Special attention is given to clinical trials related with immune system disorders.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Introducción: El mundo vive una situación excepcional por el avance de la pandemia producida por el coronavirus 2 del síndrome respiratorio agudo grave y la inédita medida de aislamiento social preventivo y obligatorio utilizada por varios países. Esta situación genera un impacto psicosocial que ha sido insuficientemente abordado. Objetivo: Analizar la repercusión que sobre la salud mental pudiera provocar la COVID-19 y las medidas para su prevención y control, así como las estrategias para favorecerla. Material y Métodos: Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica en el período comprendido entre marzo y abril de 2020. Se consultaron fuentes de información disponibles en la Biblioteca Virtual de Salud de la red telemática infomed, entre ellas, las bases de datos SciELO, Pubmed/Medline, Cumed, Lilacs. Se usó además el buscador Google académico. Se utilizaron los buscadores propios de las diferentes fuentes y se diseñó una estrategia de búsqueda a través de palabras claves, en español e inglés. Se recuperaron 7 citas bibliográficas en materiales cubanos y se seleccionaron para nuestro estudio un total de 21 referencias. Desarrollo: Se describen elementos que integran la salud mental como constructo multidisciplinario y los principales efectos que sobre la misma producen las epidemias. Se presentan estrategias para potenciar conductas que tributen a la salud mental en el contexto actual. Conclusiones: A la par de las medidas sanitarias, urge potenciar la resiliencia, el crecimiento personal, las relaciones intrafamiliares y la atención especial a los grupos vulnerables para así minimizar el impacto psicosocial de la epidemia en la población(AU)

Introduction: The world is experiencing an exceptional situation due to the advance of the pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 and the unprecedented preventive and mandatory measure of social isolation used by various countries. This situation generates a psychosocial impact that has been insufficiently addressed. Objective: To analyze the repercussion that COVID-19 could cause on mental health and the measures for its prevention and control, as well as the strategies to favor it. Material and Methods: A bibliographic review was performed in the period between March and April 2020. Information sources available in the Virtual Health Library on the Cuban National Health Care Network and Portal (INFOMED) were consulted, including the SciELO, Pubmed / Medline, Cumed, and Lilacs databases. Google Scholar search engine was also used. The search engines of the different sources were used and a search strategy using keywords in Spanish and English was designed. Seven bibliographic citations were retrieved from Cuban materials and a total of 21 references were selected for our study. Development: Elements that integrate mental health as a multidisciplinary construct and the main effects that the epidemics produce on it are described. Strategies to promote behaviors that contribute to mental health in the current context are presented. Conclusions: Along with health measures, there is an urgent need to strengthen resilience, personal growth, intra-family relationships and special attention to vulnerable groups in order to minimize the psychosocial impact of the epidemic on the population(AU)

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Introducción: la obesidad afecta al 22.1% de la población ecuatoriana y su prevalencia continúa en aumento. La cirugía bariátrica constituye una opción efectiva para su tratamiento, pero alcanza apenas al 1% de la población afectada. Objetivo: describir la experiencia en la implementación del programa de cirugía bariátrica en el Hospital de Especialidades de las Fuerzas Armadas N°1. Metodología: estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo, desde febrero del 2016 hasta febrero del 2019; se reportó características demográficas, seguimiento prequirúrgico, evolución del peso antes y después del procedimiento a corto, mediano y largo plazo. Resultados: se incluyeron 39 individuos, 74.4% mujeres y 25.6% hombres. La edad media fue 45.9 años (DS ±9.9 años); el índice de masa corporal medio en la primera valoración fue 41.04 kg/m2 (DS ±5.1), al primer mes se logró un porcentaje de reducción del exceso de peso del 21.7 % (DS ±14.7), al tercer mes del 42.8 % (DS ±18.27) y al año del 66.3 % (DS ±12.6), sin embargo, 13 pacientes abandonaron el seguimiento. Conclusión: a pesar de la dificultad técnica y operativa para implementar un programa de cirugía bariátrica, queda demostrado su beneficio.

Introduction: the obesity affects about 22.1% of the Ecuadorian population and its prevalence continues to increase. Bariatric surgery is an effective option for its treatment, but it reaches only 1% of the affected population. Objective: to describe the experience in the implementation of bariatric surgery program at the Hospital de Especialidades de las Fuerzas N° 1. Methodology: It is a descriptive and retrospective study, it was conducted from February 2016 to February 2019; demographic characteristics, presurgical follow-up, weight evolution before and after the procedure was measured at short, medium and long term. Results: A total of 39 individuals were included, 74.4% women and 25.6% men. The average age was 45.9 years (SD ± 9.9 years); the mean body mass index at the first evaluation was 41.04 kg / m2 (DS ± 5.1), at the first month a percentage reduction of excess weight of 21.7% (DS ± 14.7) was achieved, at the third month 42.8% ( SD ± 18.27) and one year after 66.3% (DS ± 12.6), however, 13 patients abandoned follow-up. Conclusion: despite the technical and operational difficulties in implementing a bariatric surgery program, its benefit has been demonstrated.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

El Sistema Nacional de Salud adquiere cada día un mayor desarrollo y dispone de un equipamiento tecnológico acorde con el avance de la ciencia y la técnica, de modo que requiere de una capacitación profesional que responda a sus intereses y exigencias. A tales efectos, en el presente artículo se fundamenta epistemológicamente el proceso de superación de posgrado en estadística para los licenciados en Sistemas de Información en Salud, teniendo en cuenta su significación como un proceso formativo-investigativo, así como la superación profesional como uno de los subsistemas del posgrado, orientado a la solución de problemas relacionados con la actualización y sistematización de conocimientos, lo cual permitirá a dichos graduados alcanzar un nivel de desempeño en correspondencia con el desarrollo científico, tecnológico, social, económico y cultural, manifestado en el ejercicio de su profesión.

The Health National System acquires a higher development every day and has a technological equipment according to the science and technique progress, so it requires a professional training that responds to its interests and demands. To such effects, the process of post degree training in statistics for the graduates in Health Information Systems is epistemologically supported in this work, taking into account its significance as a training-investigative process, as well as the professional training as one of the post degree subsystems, guided to the solution of problems related to the updating and systematizing of knowledge, which will allow graduates to reach a performance level according to the scientific, technological, social, economic and cultural development, manifested in their professional practice.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Eight different double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) molecules were found in the wild-type fungal strain Botrytis cinerea CCg427. The electrophoretic profile displayed molecules with approximate sizes of 1, 1.3, 1.6, 1.8, 3.3, 4.1, 6.5, and 12 kbp. Sequences analysis of the molecules in the 6.5-kbp band revealed the presence of two different dsRNA molecules (dsRNA-1 and dsRNA-2) of 6192 and 5567 bp. Each molecule contained a unique ORF (5487 and 4836 nucleotides in dsRNA-1 and dsRNA-2, respectively). The ORF of dsRNA-1 encodes a 205-kDa polypeptide that shares 58% amino acid sequence identity with the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) encoded by dsRNA-1 of Alternaria sp. SCFS-3 botybirnavirus (ABRV1), whereas the ORF of dsRNA-2 encodes a 180-kDa polypeptide that shares 52% amino acid sequence identity with an unclassified protein encoded by dsRNA-2 of ABRV1. Genome organization and phylogenetic analysis based on the amino acid sequences of RdRps in members of different dsRNA virus families showed that the dsRNAs in the 6.5-kbp band correspond to the genome of a new botybirnavirus that we have named "Botrytis cinerea botybirnavirus 1".

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

This study addresses the relationship between two key elements in satisfaction with pediatric emergency services, namely emotional disturbance and family interaction. The main goal is to determine whether family cohesion and adaptability and anger may be associated with differential levels of satisfaction among parents whose children were attended in pediatric emergency units. It is a descriptive study for which a sample of 711 parents whose children were attended in 6 pediatric emergency services was studied. The Spanish version of the State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory-2 (Staxi-2), the Satisfaction with Healthcare Services Scale and the Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scale (Faces) were used respectively. Data analysis included a Spearman bivariate correlations analysis, Kruskal Wallis, Mann-Whitney test and path-analysis using a structural equations model. The results support the hypothesis that higher levels of family cohesion and adaptability as well as lower levels of anger are associated with higher levels of satisfaction among parents.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Resumen Este estudio aborda la relación entre dos elementos clave en la satisfacción con los servicios sanitarios de urgencias pediátricas: la afectación emocional y el funcionamiento familiar. El objetivo general es determinar si la cohesión, la adaptabilidad familiar y la ira pueden asociarse a niveles diferenciales de satisfacción en progenitores cuyos hijos eran atendidos en urgencias pediátricas. Se trata de un estudio descriptivo transversal para el que se trabajó con una muestra de 711 progenitores que habían sido atendidos en 6 servicios de urgencias pediátricas. Se utilizaron respectivamente las versiones españolas del Inventado de Expresión de Ira Estado-Rasgo-2 (STAXI-2), la Escala de Satisfacción con los Servicios Sanitarios y la Escala de Evaluación de la Cohesión y Adaptabilidad Familiar (Faces). El análisis de datos incluyó un análisis de correlaciones bivariadas de Spearman, pruebas de Kruskal Wallis, pruebas de Mann-Whitney y un path-analysis mediante un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales. Los resultados soportan la idea de que mayores niveles de cohesión y adaptabilidad familiar así como menores niveles de ira, se asocian a mayores niveles de satisfacción en los padres. Nuestros datos no reflejan diferencias significativas en ira entre padres y madres.

Abstract This study addresses the relationship between two key elements in satisfaction with pediatric emergency services, namely emotional disturbance and family interaction. The main goal is to determine whether family cohesion and adaptability and anger may be associated with differential levels of satisfaction among parents whose children were attended in pediatric emergency units. It is a descriptive study for which a sample of 711 parents whose children were attended in 6 pediatric emergency services was studied. The Spanish version of the State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory-2 (Staxi-2), the Satisfaction with Healthcare Services Scale and the Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scale (Faces) were used respectively. Data analysis included a Spearman bivariate correlations analysis, Kruskal Wallis, Mann-Whitney test and path-analysis using a structural equations model. The results support the hypothesis that higher levels of family cohesion and adaptability as well as lower levels of anger are associated with higher levels of satisfaction among parents.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de corte trasversal con el objetivo de determinar cómo evalúan su calidad de vida de las personas mayores de 60 años con diagnóstico de demencia por Enfermedad de Alzheimer. Participaron 35 personas. Se estudiaron características sociodemográficas, relacionadas con la propia enfermedad y grado de dependencia. Para evaluar calidad de vida se utilizó el instrumento Calidad de vida en la Enfermedad de Alzheimer (ADRQL) y para el grado de dependencia el Índice de Barthel. Predominó el sexo femenino (60%), las edades entre los 70 y 79 años (37.1%), para una edad media de 78,1 años con desviación estándar de ± 11,2, las personas viudas (42,9%) y divorciadas (31,4%), con nivel de escolarización primario (40%), la enfermedad demencial leve (60%) y la dependencia grave (37,1%) y leve (31,4%). La mayoría de las personas estudiadas evaluó su calidad de vida global como satisfactoria (65,7%). Los mejores resultados se obtuvieron en el área identidad personal y de personas importantes (74,3%). El área comportamiento en el lugar de residencia recibió más valoraciones negativas (57,1%).

A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in order to determine how they assess their quality of life for people over 60 years of age with a diagnosis of dementia due to Alzheimer's disease. 35 people participated. Sociodemographic characteristics related to the disease itself and degree of dependence were studied. To assess the quality of life, the instrument Quality of life in Alzheimer's disease (ADRQL) was used, and for the degree of dependence, the Barthel Index. Female sex predominated (60%), ages between 70 and 79 years (37.1%), for an average age of 78.1 years with standard deviation of ± 11.2, widowed (42.9%) and divorced (31.4%), with primary schooling level (40%), mild dementia (60%) and severe (37.1%) and mild (31.4%). The majority of the people studied evaluated their overall quality of life as satisfactory (65.7%). The best results were obtained in the area of personal identity and of important people (74.3%). The behavior area in the place of residence received more negative evaluations (57.1%).

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Teniendo en cuenta la necesidad e importancia de la superación de posgrado de los licenciados en Sistema de Información en Salud, se elaboró una metodología con el objetivo de favorecer el diseño de las diversas modalidades de este tipo de superación, para perfeccionar la formación estadística de estos profesionales y potenciar su desempeño laboral. Esta tiene en cuenta los requerimientos estadísticos de sus puestos de trabajo y las insuficiencias que muestran en el empleo de métodos y técnicas afines(AU)

Taking into account the necessity and importance of the posdegree training of Health Information System university graduates, a methodology aimed at favoring the design of the diverse modalities of this type of training was elaborated, to perfect the statistical education of these professionals and promote their working performance. This methodology takes into consideration the statistical requirements of their jobs and the inadequacies that they show in the use of methods and similar techniques(AU)

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Teniendo en cuenta la necesidad e importancia de la superación de posgrado de los licenciados en Sistema de Información en Salud, se elaboró una metodología con el objetivo de favorecer el diseño de las diversas modalidades de este tipo de superación, para perfeccionar la formación estadística de estos profesionales y potenciar su desempeño laboral. Esta tiene en cuenta los requerimientos estadísticos de sus puestos de trabajo y las insuficiencias que muestran en el empleo de métodos y técnicas afines

Taking into account the necessity and importance of the posdegree training of Health Information System university graduates, a methodology aimed at favoring the design of the diverse modalities of this type of training was elaborated, to perfect the statistical education of these professionals and promote their working performance. This methodology takes into consideration the statistical requirements of their jobs and the inadequacies that they show in the use of methods and similar techniques

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Se presentan aspectos esenciales del proceso de clasificación de los niveles de profundidad anestésica mediante señales electroencefalográficas. Se fundamenta el mencionado proceso desde un estudio exhaustivo que permitió precisar sus principales referentes. Finalmente, se realiza una caracterización de su estado actual, teniendo en cuenta los principales índices de profundidad anestésica y tipos de monitores comercializados(AU)

Essential aspects of the classification process of anesthetic depth levels are presented by means of electroencefalographic signs. The abovementioned process is supported from an exhaustive study that allowed to specify its main aspects. Finally, a characterization of its current state is carried out, taking into account the main indexes of anesthetic depth and types of marketed displays(AU)

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Se presentan aspectos esenciales del proceso de clasificación de los niveles de profundidad anestésica mediante señales electroencefalográficas. Se fundamenta el mencionado proceso desde un estudio exhaustivo que permitió precisar sus principales referentes. Finalmente, se realiza una caracterización de su estado actual, teniendo en cuenta los principales índices de profundidad anestésica y tipos de monitores comercializados.

Essential aspects of the classification process of anesthetic depth levels are presented by means of electroencefalographic signs. The abovementioned process is supported from an exhaustive study that allowed to specify its main aspects. Finally, a characterization of its current state is carried out, taking into account the main indexes of anesthetic depth and types of marketed displays.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Blossom blight is a destructive disease of plums (Prunus salicina) when humid and temperate weather conditions occur in Chile. Disease incidence ranging from 4 to 53% has been observed. Symptoms include light brown petal necrosis, starting as light brown mottles or V-shaped necrosis at the margins of the petals, progressing to the stamen and pistils. In this study, the etiology of blossom blight of plums was determined. High- and low-sporulating isolates of Botrytis were obtained consistently from blighted blossoms and apparently healthy flowers of plums. Based on colony morphology, conidial production and molecular phylogenetic analysis, these high- and low-sporulating isolates were identified as B. cinerea and B. prunorum sp. nov., respectively. Phylogenetic analysis of the genes glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (G3PDH), heat-shock protein 60 (HSP60), and DNA-dependent RNA polymerase subunit II (RPB2) grouped B. prunorum isolates in a single cluster, distantly from B. cinerea and other Botrytis species. The phylogenetic analysis of necrosis and ethylene-inducing protein (NEP1 and NEP2) genes corroborated these results. Analysis of the internal transcribed spacer region and large-subunit (26S) ribosomal DNA and detection of Boty and Flipper transposable elements, were not useful to differentiate between these Botrytis species. Both species were pathogenic on plum flowers and the fruit of plums, apples, and kiwifruits. However, B. prunorum was less virulent than B. cinerea. These pathogens were re-isolated from inoculated and diseased tissues; thus, Koch's postulates were fulfilled, confirming its role in blossom blight of plums. B. cinerea was predominant, suggesting that B. prunorum may play a secondary role in the epidemiology of blossom blight in plums in Chile. This study clearly demonstrated that the etiology of blossom blight of plums is caused by B. cinerea and B. prunorum, which constitute a species complex living in sympatry on plums and possibly on other stone fruit trees.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Janthinobacterium lividum is a Gram-negative bacterium able to produce violacein, a pigment with antimicrobial and antitumor properties. Janthinobacterium lividum colonizes the skin of some amphibians and confers protection against fungal pathogens. The mechanisms underlying this association are not well understood. In order to identify the advantages for the bacterium to colonize amphibian skin we sequenced Janthinobacterium lividum strain MTR, a strain isolated from Cajón del Maipo, Chile. The strain has capnophilic behavior, with growth favored by high concentrations (5 %) of carbon dioxide. Its genome is 6,535,606 bp in size, with 5,362 coding sequences and a G + C content of 62.37 %. The presence of genes encoding for products that participate in the carbon fixation pathways (dark CAM pathways), and the entire set of genes encoding for the enzymes of the glyoxylate cycle may explain the capnophilic behavior and allow us to propose that the CO2 secreted by the skin of amphibians is the signal molecule that guides colonization by Janthinobacterium lividum.

RESUMEN

En el presente trabajo nos proponemos estudiar la presencia de ansiedad e ira en atención pediátrica, explorando posibles diferencias entre atención primaria y urgencias pediátricas. Es objetivo adicional determinar cuáles de las variables estudiadas predicen en mayor grado ansiedad en la muestra de progenitores estudiados. En este estudio participaron un total de 1517 progenitores cuyos hijos habían sido atendidos en servicios de pediatría. El método se basa en un estudio descriptivo transversal mediante encuesta, donde los participantes contestaron el Inventario de Expresión de Ira Estado-Rasgo (STAXI-2) y el Inventario de Ansiedad Estado-Rasgo de Spielberger (STAI). Nuestros resultados indican una asociación significativa entre ansiedad y las diferentes dimensiones de ira consideradas, y también con el nivel de gravedad percibido por los padres en el estado de salud del menor. De las dimensiones de ira consideradas, la expresión como sentimiento es la que más predice la presencia de ansiedad en los padres. Las alteraciones emocionales en contextos de atención sanitaria pediátrica deben ser prevenidas, detectadas cuando ocurren y atendidas de manera eficaz para evitar consecuencias negativas de diverso tipo.

A study was conducted in order to determine the presence of anxiety and anger in paediatric health care, exploring possible differences between primary health care and paediatric emergencies. The study also sought to determine which of the variables studied better predict anxiety in the sample of parents studied. A total of 1.517 parents whose children had been attended in paediatric department participated in this study. The method was based on a cross-sectional descriptive study using a questionnaire, where all the participants answered the State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory and the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. The results indicate a significant association between anxiety and both the considered dimensions of anger and the level of severity perceived by parents in the child's health status. From the anger dimensions considered, anger as a feeling is the most predictive expression of parental anxiety. Emotional alterations in paediatric health care settings should be prevented, detected when they occur, and effectively treated to avoid different negative consequences.

Asunto(s)