RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: This study was aimed at comparing perilaryngeal pressure pain thresholds (PPT) among asymptomatic women, women with bruxism, and women with odynophonia. DESIGN: Observational cross-sectional study. METHODS: Eighty-four women whose age mean was 23.75 (SD, 3.02) years were grouped according to inclusion and exclusion criteria into a group of asymptomatic women (G1), another group of women with bruxism (G2), and another of women with odynophonia (G3). Palpation was used to identify regions of interest for this study, and an analog algometer was used to evaluate perilaryngeal PPT in the previously localized regions. Each PPT evaluation was done twice. RESULTS: G1 PPT mean were between 1.35 (SD, 0.20) and 2.29 (SD, 0.28) kg/cm2, G2 PPT mean were found between 0.85 (SD, 0.12) and 1.78 (SD, 0.23) kg/cm2, and G3 PPT mean were located between 0.71 (SD, 0.11) and 1.45 (SD, 0.19) kg/cm2. Differences were observed between PPT in the three groups evaluated (P < 0.05). The intra-evaluator agreement between the evaluations performed fluctuated between 60.71% (κ = 0.51) and 92.86% (κ = 0.91). CONCLUSIONS: There are significant differences between the perilaryngeal PPT of asymptomatic women, women with bruxism, and women with odynophonia. Asymptomatic women had the highest PPT, while odynophonia sufferers had the lowest.
RESUMEN
OJETIVOS: Determinar prevalência de disfonia y factores de riesgo asociados en profesores de establecimientos educacionales de la comuna de Santiago. METODOLOGÍA: Estudio descriptivo transversal en el que 402 profesores fueron evaluados mediante Protocolo Vocal y Cuestionario RPS (SUSESO-ISTAS 21). Se caracterizaron parámetros de voz de cada profesor mediante escala RASAT por 3 fonoaudiólogos especialistas, para conformar grupos de análisis de acuerdo al grado de afectación vocal presentado. Cada muestra de audio se analizó mediante software Praat. Los resultados se analizaron mediante el programa estadistico Systat. Se aplicó el Test Shapiro-Wilk, regresión logistica entre información de parámetros acústicos, resultados de protocolos SUSESO, y estadística descriptiva del Protocolo Vocal. RESULTADOS: La prevalencia de disfonía en el grupo estudiado corresponde al 75,5% de la muestra, incluyendo alteraciones leves y moderadas. Los principales factores de riesgo asociados son: edades sobre los 45 años, profesores de educación básica, tiempo de uso de voz sobre 5 horas diarias, presencia de RGE y consumo de cigarrillos. CONCLUSIONES: Existe alta prevalencia de disfonía en profesores. Éstos no tienen conciencia del problema y consultan tardíamente. Se presentan múltiples factores asociados a disfonía, relacionados al quehacer profesional y a conductas nocivas de profesores.
OBJECTIVES: To determine prevalence of dysphonia and associated risk factors in teachers of educational establishments in the municipality of Santiago. METHODOLOGY: A cross sectional study in which 402 teachers were evaluated by questionnaire Vocal Protocol and RPS (SUSESO-ISTAS 21). Voice parameters of each teacher were characterized by scale RASAT 3 by audiologists specialists, to form discussion groups according to the degree of vocal damage presented. Each sample was analyzed by Praat audio software. The results were analyzed using Systat statistical program. The Shapiro-Wilk test, logistic regression information acoustic parameters, results SUSESO protocols, and descriptive statistics was applied Vocal Protocol. RESULTS: The prevalence of dysphonia in the studied group corresponds to 75,5% of the sample, including mild and moderate alterations. The main risk factors associated are: age over 45 years, basic education teachers, airtime voice over 5 hours a day, presence of GER and smoking. CONCLUSIONS: There is high prevalence of dysphonia in teachers. They are not aware of the problem and consult late. Multiple factors associated with dysphonia, professional work related to harmful behaviors and teachers are presented.