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PURPOSE: To analyze the functions of the stomatognathic system in children with or without molar-incisor hypomineralization (MIH). METHODS: For this cross-sectional study, 72 children aged 6-12 years were recruited and divided in two groups: with MIH (G1) and without MIH (G2). T-SCAN was used to verify the distribution of occlusal contacts, gnathodynamometer to measure maximum molar bite force, and Iowa Oral Pressure Instrument (IOPI) to assess the strength of facial expression muscles. The t test and paired t test (p ≤ 0.05) were used for statistical comparisons. RESULTS: The molars affected by MIH exhibited lower distribution of occlusal forces (p < 0.001) and lower maximum molar bite force (p < 0.05) compared to the molars in the control group. However, there was no difference between the MIH-affected sides compared to the unaffected side, nor between the molars affected by MIH and their antagonists (p > 0.05). There were no differences in the forces of the facial expression muscles between the groups. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that MIH significantly impacts occlusal force distribution and bite force, but not facial expression musculature.

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AIM: The objective of this study was to investigate whether dental hypersensitivity and dental fear were linked to the presence and severity of MIH. METHODS: For this cross-sectional study, 1830 students between the ages of 6 and 12 years were recruited from four randomly selected schools. The Children's Fear Survey Schedule-Dental Subscale questionnaire was used to assess dental anxiety and fear. The children's self-reported dental hypersensitivity resulting from MIH was evaluated using the Wong-Baker Facial Scale and the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). RESULTS: MIH was correlated with tooth hypersensitivity, particularly in severe cases. Dental fear was present in 17.4% of the children with MIH, but it was not associated with dental hypersensitivity, gender, or age. CONCLUSION: No association was found between dental fear and dental hypersensitivity in children with MIH.

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This integrative literature review study analyzes the findings of the last 5 years of the parasite Angiostrongylus cantonensis. It is known that this nematode is found in the pulmonary arteries of rats, where it remains as a definitive host. From mice, the cycle spreads to animals, such as snails, which in contact with humans can trigger the disease. In humans, the parasite causes several neurological, abdominal manifestations and mainly meningitis. Based on the review of studies, its epidemiology shows worldwide distribution, although there are endemic cases for this parasite, such as asian countries. Laboratory findings generally showed altered CSF with turbidity, increased protein and eosinophilia, which generated meningeal signs in the patient, moreover MRI exams showed multiple alterations. Rare findings of the nematode in the eyeball, lung and signs of peritoneal inflammation were reported, which requires further studies to understand the whole pathophysiology. Finally, conservative treatment based on anthelmintics and anti-inflammatories brought good responses, although there are reports of deaths, which demonstrates the importance in the prevention and therapy of this disease.

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This integrative literature review study analyzes the findings of the last 5 years of the parasite Angiostrongylus cantonensis. It is known that this nematode is found in the pulmonary arteries of rats, where it remains as a definitive host. From mice, the cycle spreads to animals, such as snails, which in contact with humans can trigger the disease. In humans, the parasite causes several neurological, abdominal manifestations and mainly meningitis. Based on the review of studies, its epidemiology shows worldwide distribution, although there are endemic cases for this parasite, such as asian countries. Laboratory findings generally showed altered CSF with turbidity, increased protein and eosinophilia, which generated meningeal signs in the patient, moreover MRI exams showed multiple alterations. Rare findings of the nematode in the eyeball, lung and signs of peritoneal inflammation were reported, which requires further studies to understand the whole pathophysiology. Finally, conservative treatment based on anthelmintics and anti-inflammatories brought good responses, although there are reports of deaths, which demonstrates the importance in the prevention and therapy of this disease.

Este estudo de revisão integrativa da literatura analisa os achados dos últimos 5 anos do parasita Angiostrongylus cantonensis. Sabe-se que esse nematoide é encontrado nas artérias pulmonares de ratos, onde permanece como hospedeiro definitivo. Dos camundongos, o ciclo se espalha para os animais, como os caracóis, que em contato com humanos podem desencadear a doença. Em humanos, o parasita causa diversas manifestações neurológicas, abdominais e principalmente meningite. Com base na revisão de estudos, sua epidemiologia mostra distribuição mundial, embora existam casos endêmicos para esse parasito, como países asiáticos. Os achados laboratoriais geralmente mostraram LCR alterado com turbidez, aumento de proteínas e eosinofilia, o que gerou sinais meníngeos nos pacientes, além disso, os exames de ressonância magnética mostraram múltiplas alterações. Foram relatados achados raros do nematoide no globo ocular, pulmão e sinais de inflamação peritoneal, o que requer mais estudos para o entendimento de toda a fisiopatologia. Por fim, o tratamento conservador à base de anti-helmínticos e anti-inflamatórios trouxe boas respostas, embora haja relatos de óbitos, o que demonstra a importância na prevenção e terapia dessa doença.

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The long-snouted African spurdog Squalus bassi sp. nov. is described based on material collected from the outer shelf and upper continental slope off South Africa and Mozambique. Squalus bassi shares with S. mitsukurii, S. montalbani, S. chloroculus, S. grahami, S. griffini, S. edmundsi, S. quasimodo and S. lobularis a large snout with prenarial length greater than distance between nostrils and upper labial furrows, dermal denticles tricuspidate and rhomboid and elevated number of vertebrae. Squalus bassi can be distinguished from all its congeners by a combination of body and fin colouration, external morphometrics, vertebral counts and shape of dermal denticles. Similar long-snouted congeners from the Indo-Pacific region, including S. montalbani, S. edmundsi and S. lalannei are compared in detail with the new species. This new species has been misidentified as the Japanese S. mitsukurii and the Mediterranean S. blainvillei due to the lack of comparative morphological analyses. The validity of the nominal species S. mitsukurii in the south-eastern Atlantic Ocean and western Indian Ocean is also clarified herein, indicating it has a more restricted geographical distribution in the North Pacific Ocean.

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Bovine digital dermatitis (BDD) is an infectious and contagious disease characterized by ulcerative and proliferative lesions affecting the skin on the bulbs of the heel or the interdigital cleft in dairy cattle, often associated with lameness. Evidences on the etiology of BDD indicate that it is multifactorial, involving environmental factors and multiple bacterial colonization. We isolated and identified microorganisms from BDD biopsy samples obtained from five Holstein Friesian and two Jersey cows by cultivation and molecular identification of bacterial isolates using 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. We identified six bacterial species: Spirochetes as Treponema pedis and Leptospira broomi/L. fainei, L. licerasiae/L. wolffii; Corynebacterium appendicis, Cupriavidus gilardii and Enterococcus casseliflavus/E. gallinarum. It was quite surprising to have isolated and identified Leptospira species in three out of seven cultures, from different individual cows and two different farms. The species identified belong to the intermediate pathogenic clade, which is a group found to cause human and animal disease. Our findings indicate the need to further investigate the association of Leptospira of intermediate pathogenicity with BDD lesions and whether its presence would have any veterinary and medical significance both in Leptospirosis and with the pathogenesis of BDD lesions, especially in tropical countries.(AU)

Dermatite digital bovina (DDB) é uma doença infecciosa, contagiosa, caracterizada por lesões ulcerativas e proliferativas da região dos talões e/ou do espaço interdigital, frequentemente associada com claudicação. Evidências indicam que a etiologia da DDB é multifatorial, envolvendo fatores ambientais e colonização polimicrobiana. Relata-se aqui o isolamento e a identificação bacteriana em amostras de biópsias em lesões de DDB, obtidas de cinco vacas da raça Holandesa e duas da raça Jersey, por meio de cultivo e identificação molecular de isolados, com base na análise de sequências de genes 16S rRNA. São identificadas seis espécies bacterianas: as espiroquetas Treponema pedis e Leptospira broomi/L. fainei, L. licerasiae/L. wolffii; Corynebacterium appendicis, Cupriavidus gilardii e Enterococcus casseliflavus/E. gallinarum. O isolamento e a identificação de espécies de Leptospira surpreenderam, destacando-se sua presença em três dos sete cultivos obtidos em diferentes vacas, de duas fazendas distintas. As espécies identificadas pertencem ao grupo tipificado como de patogenicidade intermediária, causador de doenças em animais e no homem. Os resultados apresentados indicam a necessidade de maiores investigações sobre a associação entre Leptospira de patogenicidade intermediária e a patogênese das lesões DDB, investigando-se sua presença e significado nas medicinas veterinária e humana, especialmente em países tropicais.(AU)

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Bovine digital dermatitis (BDD) is an infectious and contagious disease characterized by ulcerative and proliferative lesions affecting the skin on the bulbs of the heel or the interdigital cleft in dairy cattle, often associated with lameness. Evidences on the etiology of BDD indicate that it is multifactorial, involving environmental factors and multiple bacterial colonization. We isolated and identified microorganisms from BDD biopsy samples obtained from five Holstein Friesian and two Jersey cows by cultivation and molecular identification of bacterial isolates using 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. We identified six bacterial species: Spirochetes as Treponema pedis and Leptospira broomi/L. fainei, L. licerasiae/L. wolffii; Corynebacterium appendicis, Cupriavidus gilardii and Enterococcus casseliflavus/E. gallinarum. It was quite surprising to have isolated and identified Leptospira species in three out of seven cultures, from different individual cows and two different farms. The species identified belong to the intermediate pathogenic clade, which is a group found to cause human and animal disease. Our findings indicate the need to further investigate the association of Leptospira of intermediate pathogenicity with BDD lesions and whether its presence would have any veterinary and medical significance both in Leptospirosis and with the pathogenesis of BDD lesions, especially in tropical countries.(AU)

Dermatite digital bovina (DDB) é uma doença infecciosa, contagiosa, caracterizada por lesões ulcerativas e proliferativas da região dos talões e/ou do espaço interdigital, frequentemente associada com claudicação. Evidências indicam que a etiologia da DDB é multifatorial, envolvendo fatores ambientais e colonização polimicrobiana. Relata-se aqui o isolamento e a identificação bacteriana em amostras de biópsias em lesões de DDB, obtidas de cinco vacas da raça Holandesa e duas da raça Jersey, por meio de cultivo e identificação molecular de isolados, com base na análise de sequências de genes 16S rRNA. São identificadas seis espécies bacterianas: as espiroquetas Treponema pedis e Leptospira broomi/L. fainei, L. licerasiae/L. wolffii; Corynebacterium appendicis, Cupriavidus gilardii e Enterococcus casseliflavus/E. gallinarum. O isolamento e a identificação de espécies de Leptospira surpreenderam, destacando-se sua presença em três dos sete cultivos obtidos em diferentes vacas, de duas fazendas distintas. As espécies identificadas pertencem ao grupo tipificado como de patogenicidade intermediária, causador de doenças em animais e no homem. Os resultados apresentados indicam a necessidade de maiores investigações sobre a associação entre Leptospira de patogenicidade intermediária e a patogênese das lesões DDB, investigando-se sua presença e significado nas medicinas veterinária e humana, especialmente em países tropicais.(AU)

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Doubled haploid technology has been used by various private companies. However, information regarding chromosome duplication methodologies, particularly those concerning techniques used to identify duplication in cells, is limited. Thus, we analyzed and characterized artificially doubled haploids using microsatellites molecular markers, pollen viability, and flow cytometry techniques. Evaluated material was obtained using two different chromosome duplication protocols in maize seeds considered haploids, resulting from the cross between the haploid inducer line KEMS and 4 hybrids (GNS 3225, GNS 3032, GNS 3264, and DKB 393). Fourteen days after duplication, plant samples were collected and assessed by flow cytometry. Further, the plants were transplanted to a field, and samples were collected for DNA analyses using microsatellite markers. The tassels were collected during anthesis for pollen viability analyses. Haploid, diploid, and mixoploid individuals were detected using flow cytometry, demonstrating that this technique was efficient for identifying doubled haploids. The microsatellites markers were also efficient for confirming the ploidies preselected by flow cytometry and for identifying homozygous individuals. Pollen viability showed a significant difference between the evaluated ploidies when the Alexander and propionic-carmin stains were used. The viability rates between the plodies analyzed show potential for fertilization.

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Kappa-casein (κ-casein) is one of the most abundant milk proteins. Its main function is to avoid the aggregation of casein micelles, keeping them, and therefore calcium phosphate, in pockets in solution. In bovines, a κ-casein functional polymorphism has been associated with fat, calcium, and protein milk contents and faster curd contraction in cheese production. Quicker curd contraction reduces the loss of milk solids, enhancing cheese yield. This polymorphism induces a double amino acid substitution (Thr136Ile and Ala148Asp). The polymorphism is normally detected by PCR-RFLP, which is a laborious method. An interesting methodological alternative is the tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system PCR (tetra-primer ARMS-PCR). A tetra-primer ARMS-PCR for the detection of this κ-casein polymorphism has been described. However, specificity was not achieved, probably due to problems with primer design. We developed a new tetra-primer ARMS-PCR for the detection of the κ-casein polymorphism. This new method was validated in a double-blind test, by comparison with the results obtained for 50 Guzerá bulls formerly genotyped by PCR-RFLP. This new method achieved 100% sensitivity and specificity. We conclude that this method is a useful, cost-efficient alternative for the detection of functional κ-casein polymorphisms.

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Polymorphisms in the TP53 gene codon 72 (Arg72Pro) influence apoptosis induction and DNA damage repair. We evaluated how variants of protein p53 (p53Arg and p53Pro) affect cell death and DNA damage repair by analyzing the frequencies of karyorrhexis and micronuclei. There were significant differences in the frequency of karyorrhexis between the three p53 genotypes (Arg/Arg, Arg/Pro, and Pro/Pro), between samples taken before and after radiotherapy, and between patients and controls. The frequency of micronucleated cells increased significantly after radiotherapy. There were no significant differences in the micronucleus frequency in healthy tissues of these patients compared to controls, or in the comparisons between the three genotypes. We conclude that Arg72Pro polymorphism influences cell apoptotic capacity. This is the first study investigating karyorrhexis and micronuclei, as indicators of apoptosis after radiotherapy, and how these indicators are influenced by the TP53 polymorphism Arg72Pro.

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The objective of the present randomized, open-label, naturalistic 8-week study was to compare the efficacy and safety of treatment with clonazepam (N = 63) and paroxetine (N = 57) in patients with panic disorder with or without agoraphobia. Efficacy assessment included number of panic attacks and clinician ratings of the global severity of panic disorders with the clinical global impression (CGI) improvement (CGI-I) and CGI severity (CGI-S) scales. Most patients were females (69.8 and 68.4 percent in the clonazepam and paroxetine groups, respectively) and age (mean ± SD) was 35.9 ± 9.6 years for the clonazepam group and 33.7 ± 8.8 years for the paroxetine group. Treatment with clonazepam versus paroxetine resulted in fewer weekly panic attacks at week 4 (0.1 vs 0.5, respectively; P < 0.01), and greater clinical improvements at week 8 (CGI-I: 1.6 vs 2.9; P = 0.04). Anxiety severity was significantly reduced with clonazepam versus paroxetine at weeks 1 and 2, with no difference in panic disorder severity. Patients treated with clonazepam had fewer adverse events than patients treated with paroxetine (73 vs 95 percent; P = 0.001). The most common adverse events were drowsiness/fatigue (57 percent), memory/concentration difficulties (24 percent), and sexual dysfunction (11 percent) in the clonazepam group and drowsiness/fatigue (81 percent), sexual dysfunction (70 percent), and nausea/vomiting (61 percent) in the paroxetine group. This naturalistic study confirms the efficacy and tolerability of clonazepam and paroxetine in the acute treatment of patients with panic disorder.

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The objective of the present randomized, open-label, naturalistic 8-week study was to compare the efficacy and safety of treatment with clonazepam (N = 63) and paroxetine (N = 57) in patients with panic disorder with or without agoraphobia. Efficacy assessment included number of panic attacks and clinician ratings of the global severity of panic disorders with the clinical global impression (CGI) improvement (CGI-I) and CGI severity (CGI-S) scales. Most patients were females (69.8 and 68.4% in the clonazepam and paroxetine groups, respectively) and age (mean ± SD) was 35.9 ± 9.6 years for the clonazepam group and 33.7 ± 8.8 years for the paroxetine group. Treatment with clonazepam versus paroxetine resulted in fewer weekly panic attacks at week 4 (0.1 vs 0.5, respectively; P < 0.01), and greater clinical improvements at week 8 (CGI-I: 1.6 vs 2.9; P = 0.04). Anxiety severity was significantly reduced with clonazepam versus paroxetine at weeks 1 and 2, with no difference in panic disorder severity. Patients treated with clonazepam had fewer adverse events than patients treated with paroxetine (73 vs 95%; P = 0.001). The most common adverse events were drowsiness/fatigue (57%), memory/concentration difficulties (24%), and sexual dysfunction (11%) in the clonazepam group and drowsiness/fatigue (81%), sexual dysfunction (70%), and nausea/vomiting (61%) in the paroxetine group. This naturalistic study confirms the efficacy and tolerability of clonazepam and paroxetine in the acute treatment of patients with panic disorder.

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Phenylalanine hydroxylase deficiency is a trait inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern; the associated phenotype varies considerably. This variation is mainly due to the considerable allelic heterogeneity in the phenylalanine hydroxylase enzyme locus. We examined the genotype-phenotype correlation in 54 phenylketonuria (PKU) patients from Minas Gerais, Brazil. Two systems were used. The first was a phenotype prediction system based on arbitrary values (AV) attributed to each mutation and the second was a correlation analysis. An AV was assigned to each mutation: AV = 1 for classical PKU mutation; AV = 2 for moderate PKU mutation; AV = 4 for mild PKU mutation, and AV = 8 for non-PKU hyperphenylalaninemia mutation. The observed phenotype for AV analysis was the clinical diagnosis established by the overloading phenylalanine test. Among the 51 PKU patients that we analyzed based on this trait, in 51% the predicted phenotype did not match the observed phenotype; the highest degree of concordance was found in patients with null/null genotypes. The genotype was observed to be a good predictor of the clinical course of the patients and significant correlations were found between phenylalanine values at first interview and predicted residual activity, genotype and arbitrary value sum.

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O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a eficiência do método de regressão em detectar QTL com base na utilização de dados da estrutura de família (irmãos completos e meios-irmãos), como aqueles gerados em um núcleo MOET. Foram simulados dados fenotípicos e genotípicos em uma estrutura de núcleo MOET fechado de seleção. Três arquivos foram analisados, contendo: a) informações conjuntas de irmãos completos e meios-irmãos; b) apenas informações de irmãos completos e c) apenas informações de meios-irmãos. Verificou-se que o método da regressão, para dados discretos ou contínuos, foi capaz de detectar associações entre marcador e QTL em níveis bastante expressivos de significância (P<0.001 e P<0,0001), quando se utilizou o arquivo que continha informações conjuntas de irmãos completos e meios-irmãos. Os resultados indicaram a possibilidade de utilização dessa metodologia para estudos de detecção/validação de QTL em rebanhos ou núcleos de seleção que utilizam MOET.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of the regression method to detect QTL using data from full and half-sib families, like those generated in a MOET nucleus. For this study, genotypic and phenotypic data were simulated in a structure of a closed selection MOET nucleus. Three files were analyzed containing: a) the joint information of full and half sibs; b) only full sibs data; and c) only half sibs data. The method of regression, for continuous or discrete data, was able to detect associations of marker and QTL in very expressive levels of significance (P<0.001 P<0.0001), when the file containing the joint information of full and half sisters was used. The results indicated the possibility of using this methodology for studies of QTL detection / validation in MOET nucleus or herds under selection.

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O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a eficiência do método de regressão em detectar QTL com base na utilização de dados da estrutura de família (irmãos completos e meios-irmãos), como aqueles gerados em um núcleo MOET. Foram simulados dados fenotípicos e genotípicos em uma estrutura de núcleo MOET fechado de seleção. Três arquivos foram analisados, contendo: a) informações conjuntas de irmãos completos e meios-irmãos; b) apenas informações de irmãos completos e c) apenas informações de meios-irmãos. Verificou-se que o método da regressão, para dados discretos ou contínuos, foi capaz de detectar associações entre marcador e QTL em níveis bastante expressivos de significância (P<0.001 e P<0,0001), quando se utilizou o arquivo que continha informações conjuntas de irmãos completos e meios-irmãos. Os resultados indicaram a possibilidade de utilização dessa metodologia para estudos de detecção/validação de QTL em rebanhos ou núcleos de seleção que utilizam MOET.(AU)

The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of the regression method to detect QTL using data from full and half-sib families, like those generated in a MOET nucleus. For this study, genotypic and phenotypic data were simulated in a structure of a closed selection MOET nucleus. Three files were analyzed containing: a) the joint information of full and half sibs; b) only full sibs data; and c) only half sibs data. The method of regression, for continuous or discrete data, was able to detect associations of marker and QTL in very expressive levels of significance (P<0.001 P<0.0001), when the file containing the joint information of full and half sisters was used. The results indicated the possibility of using this methodology for studies of QTL detection / validation in MOET nucleus or herds under selection.(AU)

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A new, quick, and inexpensive method for detecting the bovine acyl-CoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase1 (DGAT1) polymorphism (K232A) through tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system by PCR (ARMS-PCR) was developed in the present investigation. The DGAT1 gene was recently identified as underlying variation in milk production traits. To date, PCR techniques such as PCR-RFLP have been used for detecting the DGAT1 K232A polymorphism, despite being expensive and laborious. The method proposed here, a tetra-primer ARMS-PCR, showed 100% sensitivity and specificity when compared with PCR-RFLP results obtained in a sample of 80 animals tested in a double-blind system. Our results suggest that the use of tetra-primer ARMS-PCR for DGAT1 K232A polymorphism genotyping could greatly reduce costs providing information for both research purposes and for dairy cattle breeders who perform DGAT1 genotyping for gene-assisted selection.

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One hundred and fifteen unrelated Mangalarga Marchador horses were sampled from three geographically distinct regions of Minas Gerais State, Brazil (South, Southeast, and Northeast) and tested for 10 microsatellite loci. Genetic diversity and population structure parameters were estimated with ARLEQUIN 3.0, CERVUS 2.0, POPGENE 1.31, GENEPOP on the web, STRUCTURE 2.0, and SPAGEDI 1.2 software packages. Under Hardy-Weinberg assumptions, seven markers were at equilibrium (LEX014, LEX017, LEX019, SGCV23, TKY321, VHL20, and VIASH39), while two (ASB3 and LEX031) presented significant homozygote excess. Seventy-four alleles were identified in these nine markers, with a mean of 8.22 alleles. Mean heterozygosity was 0.637 and polymorphism information content was 0.662. Markers ASB3, LEX019, SGCV23, TKY321, and VHL20 were highly informative (PIC >0.7) and may be useful for eventual expansion of parentage test panels. The F(ST) value (0.0562) indicated relatively little geographical structure. However, based on a Bayesian-based cluster analysis under a three-cluster model, 94% of the 115 individuals were correctly assigned to the subpopulations from where they were sampled. Mean pairwise f was relatively high (0.11), and in spite of the efforts towards non-consanguineous sampling, 1% of the pairs of individuals shared over 50% of the alleles. These results strongly suggest that the population is genetically structured. Under a conservation genetics approach, two strategies are recommended: avoidance of crosses between highly endogamic individuals and stimulation of crosses between individuals from those regions for which low genetic flow was identified.

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ABSTRACT The present study assessed the protein fractions of the milk in 135 mammary quarters with subclinical mastitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus. These quarters were classified in two groups: treated (67) and not treated (68). The antimicrobial drug used for the treatment was gentamicin (150 mg) once a day and for three consecutive days. The herd was situated in the Barretos region, state of São Paulo, Brazil. Mammary quarters were considered cured when samples of milk were negative for the isolation of S. aureus 30 days after the treatment. Fractions of total protein, true protein, casein and whey protein were determined, before and after lactation. Total solids, somatic cell counts and milk production were also analyzed. After the analyses of the data, it was verified that there was no significant difference for total protein, true protein or whey protein after the treatment, while the same difference found in sick mammary quarters for casein, before and after the treatment, was verified for the healthy quarters. In conclusion, the treatment of subclinical mastitis caused by S. aureus during lactation did not produce improvement in the quality of the product when the milk protein levels were analyzed.

RESUMO Verificou-se os teores protéicos do leite em 135 quartos mamários com mastite subclínica causada por Staphylococcus aureus divididos em dois grupos, tratados (67) e não tratados (68). Utilizou-se para a tratamento a dose de 150 mg de gentamicina, uma vez ao dia e por três dias consecutivos, em uma propriedade com rebanho leiteiro experimental localizada na região de Barretos, interior do Estado de São Paulo. Foram considerados curados os quartos mamários cujas amostras de leite mostraram-se negativas ao isolamento das cepas de S. aureus 30 dias após o tratamento. Determinou-se as frações de proteína total (PT), proteína verdadeira (PV), caseína (CAS) e soroproteínas (SP), antes e depois do tratamento durante a lactação. As análises do extrato seco total (EST), da contagem de células somáticas (CCS) e da produção de leite também foram efetuadas. Após as análises dos dados, verificou-se que não houve diferença significativa para PT, PV e SP após o tratamento, enquanto a mesma diferença encontrada em quartos mamários doentes para CAS, antes e após o tratamento, também foi verificada para os quartos sadios que serviram de controle. Dessa maneira, concluiu-se que o tratamento da mastite subclínica causada por S. aureus durante a lactação não acarretou melhoria na qualidade do produto quando os itens analisados foram os teores protéicos do leite.

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Acompanhou-se o desenvolvimento dos processos da salga em salmoura saturada (salga úmida) e salga seca de filés de tilápia-do-nilo (Oreochromis niloticus) e avaliaram-se algumas características indicativas de qualidade do produto durante a estocagem. Os processos foram acompanhados por 156 horas na salga úmida e por 96 horas na salga seca, e os filés salgados foram estocados, respectivamente, por 60 e 45 dias à temperatura ambiente. Os teores máximos de cloreto nos filés (14 por cento) foram atingidos com 72 horas na salga úmida e com 36 horas na salga seca. Os filés de tilápia salgados em salmoura mantiveram as características próprias do produto por um período de 45 dias, e os submetidos à salga seca apresentaram baixo teor de umidade (6 por cento) e alta concentração de extrato etéreo (4,6 por cento). Recomenda-se somente o processo de salga em salmoura saturada como forma de conservação dos filés de tilápia-do-nilo.

The processes of salting of Nile tilapia fillets (Oreochromis niloticus) submitted to saturated brine and dry salting were observed, and some characteristics that indicate the quality of the product during the storage were evaluated. The brine saturated process was followed up to 156 hours and the dry salting was followed up to 96 hours. When the salting finished, fillets were stored for 45 (dry salting) and 60 days (saturated brine), respectively. The highest values for chloride in fillets (14 percent) were reached within 72 hours in brine salting and 36 hours in dry salting. The tilapia fillets salted in brine kept the proper characteristics of the product for a period of 45 days and the fillets submitted to dry salting showed low moisture ratios (6 percent) and a high concentration of lipids (4.6 percent). Thereby, it is only recommended the salting process in saturated brine to be used as a mean of conservation for Nile tilapia fillets.

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