RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency of spinal segmental sensitization (SSS) syndrome and its association with socioeconomic and educational levels, Depression, smoking, and alcoholism. DESIGN: Analytic cross-sectional study conducted within the time frame of February-August 2022. SETTING: Outpatient consultation area of the Hospital Regional Universitario de Colima, a public health care institution in Mexico PARTICIPANTS: Ninety-eight patients over 18 years of age were selected that presented with chronic musculoskeletal pain of at least 3-month progression (N=98). The patients were initially selected through simple random sampling, complementing 60% of the calculated sample with consecutive cases due to the pandemic status. INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): The subjects gave their informed consent, authorizing the clinical history interview and physical examination that applied the 2019 diagnostic criteria of Nakazato and Romero, as well as the AMAI test, the Mexican National Education System, the Beck Depression Inventory, Fagerstrom Test, and Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test instrument, to collect the data on socioeconomic and educational levels, Depression, smoking, and alcoholism, respectively. Frequencies and percentages were obtained for the statistical analysis, using the chi-square test, multiple logistic regression, and bivariate/multivariate analyses with the prevalence odds ratio. RESULTS: SSS had a 22.4% frequency and was significantly associated (P<.05) with moderate Depression and severe Depression, signifying that a patient with moderate depression had 5.57 times more probability of presenting with SSS (95% CI, 1.27-30.16, P<.05), whereas a patient with severe Depression had 8.68 times more probability of presenting with SSS (95% CI, 1.99-47.77, P<.05). The results of the remaining variables were not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: There is a need for a biopsychosocial focus on SSS, in which the detection of and approach to moderate and severe Depression favors patient awareness of aspects associated with the phenomenon of chronic pain and the creation of coping strategies for that pain.
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Alcoholismo , Dolor Crónico , Dolor Musculoesquelético , Humanos , Adolescente , Adulto , Determinantes Sociales de la Salud , Estudios Transversales , Dolor Crónico/epidemiología , Depresión/psicologíaRESUMEN
Resumen La relación entre el consumo de bebidas endulzadas con sacarosa y la reducción en la ingesta de alimentos ha sido objeto de estudio en el ámbito de la salud pública y la nutrición. A medida que el consumo de estas bebidas ha aumentado en las últimas décadas, se ha observado un aumento de los problemas de salud relacionados con la alimentación. En este trabajo se analiza el efecto que tiene la ingesta crónica de agua endulzada con sacarosa sobre el consumo de alimento balanceado, el perfil lipídico, la resistencia a la insulina, y en algunos marcadores del estado nutricional como el peso, la proteína sérica total, albúmina, hemoglobina y creatinina en ratas Wistar macho. El agua endulzada con sacarosa al 12% se administró a un grupo de 9 ratas durante 8 semanas. Un grupo control de 9 ratas bebieron agua natural. El consumo de alimentos entre ambos grupos y los marcadores bioquímicos se analizaron al final del tratamiento. Las concentraciones séricas de glucosa, lípidos, proteínas totales, albúmina, creatinina y hemoglobina se midieron mediante espectroscopia. Los resultados mostraron que el grupo de ratas que consumieron agua endulzada con sacarosa ingirieron menos alimento balanceado; consumieron una mayor cantidad de líquidos y calorías. Sin embargo, el consumo de agua endulzada no modificó el perfil lipídico. Los resultados de marcadores nutricionales tales como peso, creatinina, proteínas totales, albúmina y hemoglobina mostraron que el consumo crónico de sacarosa al 12% no ocasionaba un estado de desnutrición a largo plazo por menor consumo de alimento balanceado.
Abstract The relationship between the consumption of sucrose-sweetened beverages and the reduction in the intake of foods has been the subject of study in the field of public health and nutrition. As consumption of these beverages has increased in recent decades, an increase in diet-related health problems has been observed. In the present work, the effect of chronic intake of water sweetened with 12% sucrose on balanced food consumption, lipid profile, insulin resistance, as well as on some markers of nutritional status such as weight, total serum, protein, albumin, hemoglobin and creatinine in male Wistar rats is analysed. Water sweetened with sucrose was administered to a group of 9 rats for 8 weeks, with a group of 9 rats that drank natural water as a control. Food consumption between both groups, as well as blood chemistry markers, were analysed at the end of treatment. Serum concentrations of glucose, lipids, total protein, albumin, creatinine, and hemoglobin were measured by spectroscopy. The results showed that the group of rats that consumed water sweetened with sucrose ingested less balanced food; they consumed a greater amount of fluids and calories. However, consumption of sweetened water did not modify the lipid profile. The results of nutritional markers such as weight, creatinine, total protein, albumin and hemoglobin show that chronic consumption of 12% sucrose does not cause a state of long-term malnutrition due to lower consumption of balanced food.
Resumo A relação entre o consumo de bebidas açucaradas com sacarose e a redução na ingestão de alimentos tem sido objeto de estudo na área de saúde pública e na nutrição. Como o consumo destas bebidas tem crescido nas últimas décadas, foi observado um aumento dos problemas de saúde relacionados com a alimentação. No presente trabalho foi analisado o efeito da ingestão crônica de água açucarada com sacarose sobre o consumo de alimento balanceado, perfil lipídico, resistência à insulina, bem como em alguns marcadores do estado nutricional como peso, proteína sérica total, albumina, hemoglobina e creatinina em ratos Wistar machos. Água adoçada com sacarose a 12% foi administrada a um grupo de 9 ratos durante 8 semanas, com um grupo de 9 ratos que beberam água natural como grupo controle. O consumo alimentar entre os dois grupos, bem como os marcadores bioquímicos, foram analisados no final do tratamento. As concentrações séricas de glicose, lipídios, proteínas totais, albumina, creatinina e hemoglobina foram medidas por espectroscopia. Os resultados mostraram que o grupo de ratos que consumiu água adoçada com sacarose ingeriu menos alimento balanceado; Eles consumiram maior quantidade de líquidos e calorias. Entretanto, o consumo de água adoçada não modificou o perfil lipídico. Os resultados dos marcadores nutricionais como peso, creatinina, proteína total, albumina e hemoglobina mostraram que o consumo crônico de sacarose a 12% não causava estado de desnutrição no longo prazo devido ao menor consumo de alimentos balanceados.
RESUMEN
A longitudinal study, from 2018 to 2021, identified impacts on the nutritional and functional status of older adults when face-to-face activities at a social assistance center in Mexico were suspended due to the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 71 older adults were evaluated at three different periods: 18 months prior, three months before the pandemic, and 12 months after the onset of the pandemic. Seventy-one older adults completed follow up. Anthropometric measurements, dietary intake, physical tests, and health screening for malnutrition, dependence, and physical frailty, were evaluated. There was a significant decrease in lean body mass and body water in the older adults assessed, in addition to a significant reduction in the frailty scale and gait speed. Finally, a significant reduction in ingested energy and several nutrients such as protein, and carbohydrates, was found, yet an increase in sugar and cholesterol intake was noted.
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COVID-19 , Fragilidad , Anciano , Estado Funcional , Evaluación Geriátrica , Humanos , Estudios Longitudinales , México , PandemiasRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency of successful aging (SA) and its relationship with frailty in an elderly population. MATERIAL AND METHODS: An analytical cross-sectional study of subjects ≥60 years of age seen as outpatients in a general hospital. Successful aging was defined as scores of ≥ 90 in the Barthel index and ≤ 2 in the Pfeiffer test. Frailty was determined using the Fried criteria. RESULTS: The study included 400 subjects (272 women and 128 men), with a mean age of 71.6±8.2 years. The SA frequency was 40.4%. frail status was statistically higher in non-successful aging subjects than in SA subjects (161.7 versus 7.9%; P<.001). Women were more frequently frail, while being a pensioner/retired and married were associated less frequently with frailty. CONCLUSIONS: Successful aging is associated with a lower level of frailty.
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Fragilidad/epidemiología , Envejecimiento Saludable , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Factores de RiesgoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The significance of sarcopenia in recent years is due to its relationship with functional disability (FD). OBJECTIVE: To determine whether a difference exists in the proportion of sarcopenia in older adults (OA) with different status of FD. METHODS: Subjects over 65 years of age without sarcopenia associated diseases were included. Overview of the study: 68 OA (24 with and 44 without FD). FD was assessed by Barthel index and clinical battery (stand-up test, grip dynamometry). Sarcopenia was assessed by Lovett-Kendall scale. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: X² and OR (95% CI). RESULTS: Sarcopenia was higher in OA with FD (n = 16 of 24 [66.7%] vs. 3 of 44 [6.8%]). The FD was associated with sarcopenia (OR: 27.3; CI: 6-156). CONCLUSION: Sarcopenia is associated with functional dependence in the elderly by testing Kendall-Lovett and with various clinical and functional tools for the detection and diagnosis of FD. The proportion of sarcopenia in OA was higher in the presence of FD.
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Evaluación de la Discapacidad , Fuerza de la Mano/fisiología , Anciano , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Dinamómetro de Fuerza Muscular , Sarcopenia/fisiopatologíaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Malnutrition is highly prevalent in the elderly. It is related to biological, functional and psychosocial aging factors. The objective was to investigate the association between family dysfunction (FD) and malnutrition in the elderly. METHODS: Cross sectional study. Through family Apgar Short Nutritional Examination (MNA) were documented FD (Apgar = 7) , and poor nutritional status (= 22 in the MNA) in a sample of 103 elderly over 60 years, excluding those with special diet or any professional prescription disease determinant of weight changes. We calculated odds ratio (OR) with a 95 % confidence interval (CI). The variables were compared using chi-square. RESULTS: There were no differences between groups of family functionality regarding sex, occupation, education, marital status, socioeconomic status and life cycle. The proportion of people with MNA = 22 was 79.4 % (27 of 34) in the FD group vs. 10.1 % (7 of 69) in the group without FD, OR = 11.8 (95 % CI 3.97-36.5), p = 0.001. CONCLUSIONS: The FD is associated with malnutrition in the elderly through MNA, but it is not limited only to malnutrition, it is also associated with diseases such as diabetes, pneumonia and hypertension.
Introducción: la desnutrición tiene una alta prevalencia en el anciano. Se relaciona con factores biológicos, funcionales y psicosociales del envejecimiento. El objetivo es investigar la asociación entre la disfunción familiar (DF) y la desnutrición en el anciano. Métodos: estudio transversal analítico. Mediante Apgar familiar y examen nutrimental abreviado (MNA) se documentaron DF (Apgar = 7) y estado nutricional inadecuado (= 22 en el MNA) en una muestra de 103 ancianos mayores de 60 años, de los cuales quedaron excluidos aquellos con alimentación especial por prescripción profesional o cualquier enfermedad condicionante de cambios ponderales. Se calculó razón de momios (RM) con un intervalo de confianza (IC) de 95 %. Las variables se compararon mediante2. Resultados: no hubo diferencias entre los grupos de funcionalidad familiar respecto a sexo, ocupación, escolaridad, estado civil, estrato socioeconómico y ciclo vital. La proporción de ancianos con MNA = 22 fue de 79.4 % (27 de 34) en el grupo con DF frente a 10.1 % (7 de 69) en el grupo sin DF, RM = 11.8 (IC 95 % 3.97-36.5), p = 0.001. Conclusión: la DF se asocia a estado nutricional inadecuado en el anciano mediante MNA; sin embargo, no es exclusiva de la desnutrición, también se asocia a enfermedades como diabetes, neumonía e hipertensión.