RESUMEN
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most common genetic disease in cats. However, scarce data on its prevalence are available in Brazil. Persian cats and Persian-related breeds were assessed by molecular genotyping for a C to A transversion in exon 29 of PKD1 gene to determine ADPKD prevalence in a Brazilian population. Genomic DNA extracted from peripheral whole blood or oral swabs samples was used to amplify exon 29 of PKD1 gene employing a PCR-RFLP methodology. From a total of 616 animals, 27/537 Persian and 1/17 Himalayan cats showed the single-nucleotide variant (C to A) at position 3284 in exon 29 of feline PKD1. This pathogenic variation has been identified only in heterozygous state. The prevalence of ADPKD in Persian cats and Persian-related breeds was 5.03% and 1.6%, respectively. There was no significant association between feline breed, gender or age with ADPKD prevalence. Of note, the observed ADPKD prevalence in Persian cats and Persian-related breeds in Brazil was lower than the ones reported in other parts of the world. This finding may be related to genetic counseling and consequent selection of ADPKD-free cats for reproduction.(AU)
A doença renal policística autossômica dominante (DRPAD) é a doença genética mais comum em gatos. No entanto, poucos dados sobre sua prevalência estão disponíveis no Brasil. Gatos Persas e de raças relacionadas foram avaliados por genotipagem molecular para a transversão CA no exon 29 do gene PKD1 felino para determinar a prevalência de DRPAD. DNA genômico extraído de sangue total periférico ou amostras de swabs orais foram utilizados para amplificar o exon 29 do gene PKD1 pela técnica de PCR-RFLP. De um total de 616 gatos, 27/537 Persas e 1/17 Himalaia mostraram a variante de nucleotídeo único (CA) na posição 3284 no exon 29 do gene PKD1. Esta variante patogênica foi identificada apenas em heterozigose. A prevalência de DRPAD em gatos Persas e raças relacionadas foram de 5,03% e 1,6%, respectivamente. Não houve associações significativas entre raça, gênero ou idade dos felinos e incidência de DRPAD. A prevalência de DRPAD em gatos Persas e raças relacionadas no Brasil foi menor do que em outras partes do mundo, o que pode estar relacionado ao aconselhamento genético e consequente seleção de gatos sem ADPKD para reprodução.(AU)
Asunto(s)
Animales , Gatos , Enfermedades de los Gatos , Enfermedades Renales Poliquísticas/veterinaria , Enfermedades Genéticas Congénitas/veterinaria , Técnicas de Genotipaje/veterinariaRESUMEN
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most common genetic disease in cats. However, scarce data on its prevalence are available in Brazil. Persian cats and Persian-related breeds were assessed by molecular genotyping for a C to A transversion in exon 29 of PKD1 gene to determine ADPKD prevalence in a Brazilian population. Genomic DNA extracted from peripheral whole blood or oral swabs samples was used to amplify exon 29 of PKD1 gene employing a PCR-RFLP methodology. From a total of 616 animals, 27/537 Persian and 1/17 Himalayan cats showed the single-nucleotide variant (C to A) at position 3284 in exon 29 of feline PKD1. This pathogenic variation has been identified only in heterozygous state. The prevalence of ADPKD in Persian cats and Persian-related breeds was 5.03% and 1.6%, respectively. There was no significant association between feline breed, gender or age with ADPKD prevalence. Of note, the observed ADPKD prevalence in Persian cats and Persian-related breeds in Brazil was lower than the ones reported in other parts of the world. This finding may be related to genetic counseling and consequent selection of ADPKD-free cats for reproduction.
Asunto(s)
Riñón Poliquístico Autosómico Dominante , Animales , Brasil/epidemiología , Gatos , Mutación , Riñón Poliquístico Autosómico Dominante/epidemiología , Riñón Poliquístico Autosómico Dominante/genética , Riñón Poliquístico Autosómico Dominante/veterinaria , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa , Polimorfismo de Longitud del Fragmento de Restricción , PrevalenciaRESUMEN
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most common genetic disease in cats. However, scarce data on its prevalence are available in Brazil. Persian cats and Persian-related breeds were assessed by molecular genotyping for a C to A transversion in exon 29 of PKD1 gene to determine ADPKD prevalence in a Brazilian population. Genomic DNA extracted from peripheral whole blood or oral swabs samples was used to amplify exon 29 of PKD1 gene employing a PCR-RFLP methodology. From a total of 616 animals, 27/537 Persian and 1/17 Himalayan cats showed the single-nucleotide variant (C to A) at position 3284 in exon 29 of feline PKD1. This pathogenic variation has been identified only in heterozygous state. The prevalence of ADPKD in Persian cats and Persian-related breeds was 5.03% and 1.6%, respectively. There was no significant association between feline breed, gender or age with ADPKD prevalence. Of note, the observed ADPKD prevalence in Persian cats and Persian-related breeds in Brazil was lower than the ones reported in other parts of the world. This finding may be related to genetic counseling and consequent selection of ADPKD-free cats for reproduction.
A doença renal policística autossômica dominante (DRPAD) é a doença genética mais comum em gatos. No entanto, poucos dados sobre sua prevalência estão disponíveis no Brasil. Gatos Persas e de raças relacionadas foram avaliados por genotipagem molecular para a transversão C→A no exon 29 do gene PKD1 felino para determinar a prevalência de DRPAD. DNA genômico extraído de sangue total periférico ou amostras de swabs orais foram utilizados para amplificar o exon 29 do gene PKD1 pela técnica de PCR-RFLP. De um total de 616 gatos, 27/537 Persas e 1/17 Himalaia mostraram a variante de nucleotídeo único (C→A) na posição 3284 no exon 29 do gene PKD1. Esta variante patogênica foi identificada apenas em heterozigose. A prevalência de DRPAD em gatos Persas e raças relacionadas foram de 5,03% e 1,6%, respectivamente. Não houve associações significativas entre raça, gênero ou idade dos felinos e incidência de DRPAD. A prevalência de DRPAD em gatos Persas e raças relacionadas no Brasil foi menor do que em outras partes do mundo, o que pode estar relacionado ao aconselhamento genético e consequente seleção de gatos sem ADPKD para reprodução.
Asunto(s)
Animales , Gatos , Riñón Poliquístico Autosómico Dominante/genética , Riñón Poliquístico Autosómico Dominante/veterinaria , Riñón Poliquístico Autosómico Dominante/epidemiología , Polimorfismo de Longitud del Fragmento de Restricción , Brasil/epidemiología , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa/veterinaria , Prevalencia , Técnicas de Genotipaje/veterinaria , MutaciónRESUMEN
Abstract Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most common genetic disease in cats. However, scarce data on its prevalence are available in Brazil. Persian cats and Persian-related breeds were assessed by molecular genotyping for a C to A transversion in exon 29 of PKD1 gene to determine ADPKD prevalence in a Brazilian population. Genomic DNA extracted from peripheral whole blood or oral swabs samples was used to amplify exon 29 of PKD1 gene employing a PCR-RFLP methodology. From a total of 616 animals, 27/537 Persian and 1/17 Himalayan cats showed the single-nucleotide variant (C to A) at position 3284 in exon 29 of feline PKD1. This pathogenic variation has been identified only in heterozygous state. The prevalence of ADPKD in Persian cats and Persian-related breeds was 5.03% and 1.6%, respectively. There was no significant association between feline breed, gender or age with ADPKD prevalence. Of note, the observed ADPKD prevalence in Persian cats and Persian-related breeds in Brazil was lower than the ones reported in other parts of the world. This finding may be related to genetic counseling and consequent selection of ADPKD-free cats for reproduction.
Resumo A doença renal policística autossômica dominante (DRPAD) é a doença genética mais comum em gatos. No entanto, poucos dados sobre sua prevalência estão disponíveis no Brasil. Gatos Persas e de raças relacionadas foram avaliados por genotipagem molecular para a transversão CA no exon 29 do gene PKD1 felino para determinar a prevalência de DRPAD. DNA genômico extraído de sangue total periférico ou amostras de swabs orais foram utilizados para amplificar o exon 29 do gene PKD1 pela técnica de PCR-RFLP. De um total de 616 gatos, 27/537 Persas e 1/17 Himalaia mostraram a variante de nucleotídeo único (CA) na posição 3284 no exon 29 do gene PKD1. Esta variante patogênica foi identificada apenas em heterozigose. A prevalência de DRPAD em gatos Persas e raças relacionadas foram de 5,03% e 1,6%, respectivamente. Não houve associações significativas entre raça, gênero ou idade dos felinos e incidência de DRPAD. A prevalência de DRPAD em gatos Persas e raças relacionadas no Brasil foi menor do que em outras partes do mundo, o que pode estar relacionado ao aconselhamento genético e consequente seleção de gatos sem ADPKD para reprodução.
RESUMEN
Abstract This study reports the first assessment of endophytic fungi isolated from strawberry leaves and selection of isolates for the control of Duponchelia fovealis, a new pest of strawberries. A total of 400 strawberry leaves of the cultivar 'Albion' were collected in four commercial farms. Leaves were disinfected, cut in fragments, and placed on Petri dishes containing potato dextrose agar media with tetracycline and incubated for 30 days. Following this time, 517 fungal colonies were isolated, and thirteen genera were identified: Cladosporium, Aspergillus, Nigrospora, Fusarium, Trichoderma, Chaetomium, Alternaria, Paecilomyces, Penicillium, Ulocladium, Bipolaris, Diaporthe, and Phoma. Eight isolates belonging to the genera Aspergillus, Diaporthe, Paecilomyces, and Cladosporium were selected for pathogenicity bioassays against third instar larvae of D. fovealis. Isolates of Paecilomyces induced the highest mortality rates.
Resumo Este trabalho apresenta a primeira contribuição no isolamento de fungos endofíticos de folhas de morangueiro e na seleção de isolados para controle de Duponchelia fovealis, uma nova praga do morangueiro. Foram coletadas 400 folhas da cultivar 'Albion' em quatro lavouras comerciais de morangueiro. As folhas foram desinfetadas, cortadas em fragmentos e depositadas em placas de Petri contendo Ágar Batata Dextrose como meio, em conjunto com tetraciclina e incubados durante 30 dias. Um total de 517 colônias fúngicas e treze gêneros foram isolados: Cladosporium, Aspergillus, Nigrospora, Fusarium, Trichoderma, Chaetomium, Alternaria, Paecilomyces, Penicillium, Ulocladium, Bipolaris, Diaporthe e Phoma. Oito isolados pertencentes aos gêneros Aspergillus, Diaporthe, Paecilomyces e Cladosporium foram selecionados para os bioensaios de virulência contra larvas de 3º instar de D. fovealis. Isolados de Paecilomyces causaram as maiores taxas de mortalidade.
Asunto(s)
Animales , Enfermedades de las Plantas/prevención & control , Paecilomyces/patogenicidad , Control Biológico de Vectores/métodos , Lepidópteros/microbiología , Enfermedades de las Plantas/parasitología , Paecilomyces/aislamiento & purificación , Paecilomyces/fisiología , Hojas de la Planta/parasitología , Fragaria/parasitología , Larva/crecimiento & desarrollo , Larva/microbiología , Lepidópteros/crecimiento & desarrolloRESUMEN
This study reports the first assessment of endophytic fungi isolated from strawberry leaves and selection of isolates for the control of Duponchelia fovealis, a new pest of strawberries. A total of 400 strawberry leaves of the cultivar 'Albion' were collected in four commercial farms. Leaves were disinfected, cut in fragments, and placed on Petri dishes containing potato dextrose agar media with tetracycline and incubated for 30 days. Following this time, 517 fungal colonies were isolated, and thirteen genera were identified: Cladosporium, Aspergillus, Nigrospora, Fusarium, Trichoderma, Chaetomium, Alternaria, Paecilomyces, Penicillium, Ulocladium, Bipolaris, Diaporthe, and Phoma. Eight isolates belonging to the genera Aspergillus, Diaporthe, Paecilomyces, and Cladosporium were selected for pathogenicity bioassays against third instar larvae of D. fovealis. Isolates of Paecilomyces induced the highest mortality rates.
Asunto(s)
Lepidópteros/microbiología , Paecilomyces/patogenicidad , Control Biológico de Vectores/métodos , Enfermedades de las Plantas/prevención & control , Animales , Fragaria/parasitología , Larva/crecimiento & desarrollo , Larva/microbiología , Lepidópteros/crecimiento & desarrollo , Paecilomyces/aislamiento & purificación , Paecilomyces/fisiología , Enfermedades de las Plantas/parasitología , Hojas de la Planta/parasitologíaRESUMEN
This study reports the first assessment of endophytic fungi isolated from strawberry leaves and selection of isolates for the control of Duponchelia fovealis, a new pest of strawberries. A total of 400 strawberry leaves of the cultivar Albion were collected in four commercial farms. Leaves were disinfected, cut in fragments, and placed on Petri dishes containing potato dextrose agar media with tetracycline and incubated for 30 days. Following this time, 517 fungal colonies were isolated, and thirteen genera were identified: Cladosporium, Aspergillus, Nigrospora, Fusarium, Trichoderma, Chaetomium, Alternaria, Paecilomyces, Penicillium, Ulocladium, Bipolaris, Diaporthe, and Phoma. Eight isolates belonging to the genera Aspergillus, Diaporthe, Paecilomyces, and Cladosporium were selected for pathogenicity bioassays against third instar larvae of D. fovealis. Isolates of Paecilomyces induced the highest mortality rates.(AU)
Este trabalho apresenta a primeira contribuição no isolamento de fungos endofíticos de folhas de morangueiro e na seleção de isolados para controle de Duponchelia fovealis, uma nova praga do morangueiro. Foram coletadas 400 folhas da cultivar 'Albion' em quatro lavouras comerciais de morangueiro. As folhas foram desinfetadas, cortadas em fragmentos e depositadas em placas de Petri contendo Ágar Batata Dextrose como meio, em conjunto com tetraciclina e incubados durante 30 dias. Um total de 517 colônias fúngicas e treze gêneros foram isolados: Cladosporium, Aspergillus, Nigrospora, Fusarium, Trichoderma, Chaetomium, Alternaria, Paecilomyces, Penicillium, Ulocladium, Bipolaris, Diaporthe e Phoma. Oito isolados pertencentes aos gêneros Aspergillus, Diaporthe, Paecilomyces e Cladosporium foram selecionados para os bioensaios de virulência contra larvas de 3º instar de D. fovealis. Isolados de Paecilomyces causaram as maiores taxas de mortalidade.(AU)
RESUMEN
Abstract This study reports the first assessment of endophytic fungi isolated from strawberry leaves and selection of isolates for the control of Duponchelia fovealis, a new pest of strawberries. A total of 400 strawberry leaves of the cultivar Albion were collected in four commercial farms. Leaves were disinfected, cut in fragments, and placed on Petri dishes containing potato dextrose agar media with tetracycline and incubated for 30 days. Following this time, 517 fungal colonies were isolated, and thirteen genera were identified: Cladosporium, Aspergillus, Nigrospora, Fusarium, Trichoderma, Chaetomium, Alternaria, Paecilomyces, Penicillium, Ulocladium, Bipolaris, Diaporthe, and Phoma. Eight isolates belonging to the genera Aspergillus, Diaporthe, Paecilomyces, and Cladosporium were selected for pathogenicity bioassays against third instar larvae of D. fovealis. Isolates of Paecilomyces induced the highest mortality rates.
Resumo Este trabalho apresenta a primeira contribuição no isolamento de fungos endofíticos de folhas de morangueiro e na seleção de isolados para controle de Duponchelia fovealis, uma nova praga do morangueiro. Foram coletadas 400 folhas da cultivar 'Albion' em quatro lavouras comerciais de morangueiro. As folhas foram desinfetadas, cortadas em fragmentos e depositadas em placas de Petri contendo Ágar Batata Dextrose como meio, em conjunto com tetraciclina e incubados durante 30 dias. Um total de 517 colônias fúngicas e treze gêneros foram isolados: Cladosporium, Aspergillus, Nigrospora, Fusarium, Trichoderma, Chaetomium, Alternaria, Paecilomyces, Penicillium, Ulocladium, Bipolaris, Diaporthe e Phoma. Oito isolados pertencentes aos gêneros Aspergillus, Diaporthe, Paecilomyces e Cladosporium foram selecionados para os bioensaios de virulência contra larvas de 3º instar de D. fovealis. Isolados de Paecilomyces causaram as maiores taxas de mortalidade.
RESUMEN
Abstract This study reports the first assessment of endophytic fungi isolated from strawberry leaves and selection of isolates for the control of Duponchelia fovealis, a new pest of strawberries. A total of 400 strawberry leaves of the cultivar Albion were collected in four commercial farms. Leaves were disinfected, cut in fragments, and placed on Petri dishes containing potato dextrose agar media with tetracycline and incubated for 30 days. Following this time, 517 fungal colonies were isolated, and thirteen genera were identified: Cladosporium, Aspergillus, Nigrospora, Fusarium, Trichoderma, Chaetomium, Alternaria, Paecilomyces, Penicillium, Ulocladium, Bipolaris, Diaporthe, and Phoma. Eight isolates belonging to the genera Aspergillus, Diaporthe, Paecilomyces, and Cladosporium were selected for pathogenicity bioassays against third instar larvae of D. fovealis. Isolates of Paecilomyces induced the highest mortality rates.
Resumo Este trabalho apresenta a primeira contribuição no isolamento de fungos endofíticos de folhas de morangueiro e na seleção de isolados para controle de Duponchelia fovealis, uma nova praga do morangueiro. Foram coletadas 400 folhas da cultivar 'Albion' em quatro lavouras comerciais de morangueiro. As folhas foram desinfetadas, cortadas em fragmentos e depositadas em placas de Petri contendo Ágar Batata Dextrose como meio, em conjunto com tetraciclina e incubados durante 30 dias. Um total de 517 colônias fúngicas e treze gêneros foram isolados: Cladosporium, Aspergillus, Nigrospora, Fusarium, Trichoderma, Chaetomium, Alternaria, Paecilomyces, Penicillium, Ulocladium, Bipolaris, Diaporthe e Phoma. Oito isolados pertencentes aos gêneros Aspergillus, Diaporthe, Paecilomyces e Cladosporium foram selecionados para os bioensaios de virulência contra larvas de 3º instar de D. fovealis. Isolados de Paecilomyces causaram as maiores taxas de mortalidade.
RESUMEN
Abstract Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most common genetic disease in cats. However, scarce data on its prevalence are available in Brazil. Persian cats and Persian-related breeds were assessed by molecular genotyping for a C to A transversion in exon 29 of PKD1 gene to determine ADPKD prevalence in a Brazilian population. Genomic DNA extracted from peripheral whole blood or oral swabs samples was used to amplify exon 29 of PKD1 gene employing a PCR-RFLP methodology. From a total of 616 animals, 27/537 Persian and 1/17 Himalayan cats showed the single-nucleotide variant (C to A) at position 3284 in exon 29 of feline PKD1. This pathogenic variation has been identified only in heterozygous state. The prevalence of ADPKD in Persian cats and Persian-related breeds was 5.03% and 1.6%, respectively. There was no significant association between feline breed, gender or age with ADPKD prevalence. Of note, the observed ADPKD prevalence in Persian cats and Persian-related breeds in Brazil was lower than the ones reported in other parts of the world. This finding may be related to genetic counseling and consequent selection of ADPKD-free cats for reproduction.
Resumo A doença renal policística autossômica dominante (DRPAD) é a doença genética mais comum em gatos. No entanto, poucos dados sobre sua prevalência estão disponíveis no Brasil. Gatos Persas e de raças relacionadas foram avaliados por genotipagem molecular para a transversão CA no exon 29 do gene PKD1 felino para determinar a prevalência de DRPAD. DNA genômico extraído de sangue total periférico ou amostras de swabs orais foram utilizados para amplificar o exon 29 do gene PKD1 pela técnica de PCR-RFLP. De um total de 616 gatos, 27/537 Persas e 1/17 Himalaia mostraram a variante de nucleotídeo único (CA) na posição 3284 no exon 29 do gene PKD1. Esta variante patogênica foi identificada apenas em heterozigose. A prevalência de DRPAD em gatos Persas e raças relacionadas foram de 5,03% e 1,6%, respectivamente. Não houve associações significativas entre raça, gênero ou idade dos felinos e incidência de DRPAD. A prevalência de DRPAD em gatos Persas e raças relacionadas no Brasil foi menor do que em outras partes do mundo, o que pode estar relacionado ao aconselhamento genético e consequente seleção de gatos sem ADPKD para reprodução.
RESUMEN
We demonstrated recently that immunization with recombinant Neospora caninum profilin (rNcPRO) induces limited protection and a regulatory T-cell response in mice. The aim of this study was to evaluate the immune response elicited by rNcPRO in cattle and assess a strategy to enhance its immunogenicity, combining the addition of T-cell epitopes and immune modulators. We developed a chimeric recombinant profilin fused to functional T-cell epitopes present in the N-terminal sequence of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) glycoprotein G (rNcPRO/G). Groups of three cattle were immunized with two doses (2 weeks apart) of rNcPRO or rNcPRO/G formulated with alum hydroxide or a nanoparticulated soya-based adjuvant enriched with Toll-like receptor (TLR) 2 and TLR9 agonists, aimed to tackle the MyD88 pathway (AVECplus). rNcPRO induced only a primary immune response (IgM mediated), while antibodies in rNcPRO/G-vaccinated animals switched to IgG1 after the booster. The vaccine formulated with rNcPRO/G and AVECplus improved the production of systemic IFN-γ and induced long-term recall B-cell responses. Overall, our study provides data supporting the use of T-cell epitopes from VSV glycoprotein G and TLR agonists to enhance and modulate immunity to peptide antigens in bovines, particularly when using small proteins from parasites for which immune responses are usually feeble.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de los Bovinos/inmunología , Coccidiosis/veterinaria , Neospora/fisiología , Vacunas Antiprotozoos/inmunología , Receptores Toll-Like/agonistas , Adyuvantes Inmunológicos/administración & dosificación , Animales , Anticuerpos Antiprotozoarios/inmunología , Linfocitos B/inmunología , Bovinos , Coccidiosis/inmunología , Epítopos de Linfocito T , Femenino , Inmunoglobulina G , Interferón gamma/inmunología , Ratones , Profilinas/análisis , Profilinas/genética , Vacunas Antiprotozoos/administración & dosificación , Proteínas Recombinantes de Fusión/genética , Proteínas Recombinantes de Fusión/inmunología , Proteínas Recombinantes/metabolismo , Linfocitos T Reguladores/inmunologíaRESUMEN
The research work studies the effect of providing a low dose of bisphenol A (BPA), on the reproductive axis of prepubertal female rats. Wistar mated rats were treated with either 0.1% ethanol or BPA in their drinking water until their offspring were weaned on the 21 day of birth. The estimated average dose of exposure to dams was approximately 3µg/kg/day. The pups were sacrificed at the 30th day of life. Body weight at the moment of the sacrifice was significantly higher in the group exposed to BPA; ovarian weight and its relative weight were not modified. LH and estradiol levels increased significantly, meanwhile FSH ones showed no significant changes. The number of primary, secondary and atretic follicles increased and antral ones was decreased. Our results demonstrated that early exposure to a low dose of BPA disrupts the normal function of the reproductive axis in prepubertal female rats.
Asunto(s)
Compuestos de Bencidrilo/toxicidad , Disruptores Endocrinos/toxicidad , Folículo Ovárico/efectos de los fármacos , Fenoles/toxicidad , Animales , Estradiol/sangre , Femenino , Hormona Folículo Estimulante/sangre , Hormona Luteinizante/sangre , Folículo Ovárico/patología , Hipófisis/efectos de los fármacos , Embarazo , Efectos Tardíos de la Exposición Prenatal , Ratas Wistar , Maduración SexualRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: Liver transplantation (OLT) involves a 5% to 10% 30-day mortality rate. Multiple scores have been used as predictors of early postoperative mortality, such as the original Model for End-stage Liver Disease (MELD) and MELD sodium. Investigations have been conducted over the last 5 years to find new predictors of early post-OLT mortality. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to develop a new mathematical model to predict the individual chance of 30-day mortality after OLT. METHODS: The study was conducted on 58 patients submitted to OLT at the University Hospital, between October 2008 and March 2012. The 29 latest survivor and 29 latest nonsurvivor cases were selected. Arterial blood sodium, lactate, international normalized ratio, total bilirubin, and creatinine values were determined 1 hour after the end of surgery. The MELD original equation, MELD sodium, and new MELD lactate were also elaborated. The results were analyzed by the Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon tests. The level of significance was set at .05. RESULTS: The new formula elaborated was as follows: MELD lactate = 5.68 × loge (lactate) + 0.64 × (Original MELD) + 2.68. The MELD lactate values were significantly higher than the MELD sodium and original MELD values (P < .05). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of MELD lactate in predicting the outcome of patients submitted to OLT was 0.80, as opposed to 0.71 for the original MELD and 0.72 for MELD sodium (P < .05). CONCLUSION: The postoperative MELD lactate score proved to be more specific and sensitive than the original MELD and MELD sodium as a predictive model of the outcome of patients submitted to OLT.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedad Hepática en Estado Terminal/cirugía , Ácido Láctico/sangre , Trasplante de Hígado , Modelos Biológicos , Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Periodo PosoperatorioRESUMEN
This study investigated the effect of pre and perinatal exposure to di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) on the neuroendocrine parameters that regulate reproduction in prepubertal male and female rats. DEHP at doses of 3 and 30mg/kgbw/day was administered orally in the drinking water to dam rats since pregnancy onset until the moment of pups sacrifice at 15 days of age. In these animals gonadotropin serum level and the hypothalamic contents of the amino acids aspartate, glutamate and gamma-aminobutyric acid were determined. No changes in gonadotropin levels and amino acid neurotransmitters were detected at the low dose in both sexes. However, DEHP administered at high dose (30mg/kgbw/day) to dams produced a significant decrease in the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA and an increase in the stimulatory neurotransmitter aspartate in prepubertal male offspring rats. These modifications were accompanied by gonadotropin serum levels increase. On the contrary, in treated female rats this chemical increased both, aspartate and GABA, which exert a characteristic stimulatory action on gonadotropin in 15-day-old normal females. This study provides new data about changes produced by DEHP on the hypothalamic amino acid neurotransmitters involved in the neuroendocrine reproductive regulation, in prepubertal male and female rat offspring from dams exposed during gestational and lactational periods. These alterations induced by DEHP exposure could be related to the gonadotropin modifications also described in this work, and with changes in the production of sexual hormones previously reported by other authors.
Asunto(s)
Dietilhexil Ftalato/toxicidad , Sistema Hipotálamo-Hipofisario/efectos de los fármacos , Lactancia/efectos de los fármacos , Sistema Hipófiso-Suprarrenal/efectos de los fármacos , Plastificantes/toxicidad , Efectos Tardíos de la Exposición Prenatal , Caracteres Sexuales , Animales , Ácido Aspártico , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Femenino , Hormona Folículo Estimulante/metabolismo , Gonadotropinas/metabolismo , Sistema Hipotálamo-Hipofisario/crecimiento & desarrollo , Hormona Luteinizante/metabolismo , Masculino , Exposición Materna , Tamaño de los Órganos/efectos de los fármacos , Sistema Hipófiso-Suprarrenal/crecimiento & desarrollo , Embarazo , Efectos Tardíos de la Exposición Prenatal/inducido químicamente , Efectos Tardíos de la Exposición Prenatal/patología , Efectos Tardíos de la Exposición Prenatal/fisiopatología , Ratas , Ratas Wistar , Estadísticas no Paramétricas , Testículo/efectos de los fármacos , Útero/efectos de los fármacos , Ácido gamma-Aminobutírico/metabolismoRESUMEN
A aroeira-do-sertão (Myracrodruon urundeuva Fr. All.) é espécie arbórea que apresenta grande valor econômico devido às propriedades químicas da casca com elevado teor de taninos. Em decorrência da exploração predatória encontra-se inserida na lista oficial de espécies da flora brasileira ameaçadas de extinção na categoria vulnerável. A micropropagação vem sendo colocada como importante forma de multiplicação dessa espécie, na busca de alternativa para a exploração sustentável. Este trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de induzir calos a partir de segmentos foliares usando 2,4-D e caracterizá-los quanto aos aspectos morfológicos e bioquímicos. Os resultados obtidos indicam que é possível induzir calos a partir de segmentos foliares de aroeira-do-sertão utilizando-se 2,4-diclorofenoxiacético (2,4-D). Os calos obtidos foram compactos e não-embriogênicos, apresentando valores médios de 43,32 mg g-1 de açúcares solúveis totais; 23,62 mg g-1 de açúcares redutores; 3,157 mg g-1 de proteína total; 3,147 mg g-1 de aminoácidos livres e 0,914 mg g-1 de compostos fenólicos totais na matéria fresca.
"Aroeira-do-sertão" (Myracrodruon urundeuva Fr. All.) is a tree species that has great economic value due to the chemical properties of its bark, which has high tannin content. On account of the predatory exploitation it has been placed in the official list of threatened species of the Brazilian flora, in the vulnerable category. Micropropagation has been considered an important form of multiplication of this species in the search for an alternative for its sustainable exploitation. This study was conducted with the aim of inducing callus from leaf segments using 2,4-D and characterizing them according to their morphological and biochemical aspects. The obtained results indicate that it is possible to induce callus from leaf segments of M. urundeuva using 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic (2,4-D). The obtained calluses were compact and non-embryogenic, with average values of 43.32 mg g-1 total soluble sugars, 23.62 mg g-1 reducing sugars, 3.157 mg g-1 total protein, 3.147 mg g-1 free-form amino acids and 0.914 mg g-1 phenolic compounds in the fresh matter.
Asunto(s)
Bioquímica , Bursera/crecimiento & desarrollo , Microscopía Electrónica de Rastreo/métodos , FitomejoramientoRESUMEN
The objective of this study was to characterize macroscopically and microscopically the liver of the collared lizard Tropidurus torquatus, using two adult females and two adult males, captured on the banks of Marambaia Isle in Sepetiba Bay in the state of Rio de Janeiro. Fragments of liver were fixed in Bouins liquid and submitted to routine histological techniques. Sections were cut by a rotary microtome to 5 mm thickness and stained by with HE, PAS, Gomori Trichrome and Gomoris reticulin impregnation. The liver this lizard is a large, speckled dark brown organ composed of a right and left lobe. The gallbladder is located on the visceral surface of the right lobe. The lobules are polyhedral in shape and separated by a thin layer of interlobular connective tissue, forming trabeculae. These contain bile ducts, branches of portal vein and of hepatic artery. The hepatocytes are also polyhedric and have varied sizes. The majority of these cells have nuclei offset toward the periphery, and the cytoplasm is highly vacuolated and was not well evidenced by the histological techniques utilized. The hepatic parenchyma is supported by delicate reticular fibers surrounding hepatocytes and sinusoids. Large quantities of melano-macrophage centers are present in the parenchyma.
Asunto(s)
Animales , Masculino , Femenino , Adulto , Hígado/anatomía & histología , Hígado/fisiología , Hígado/irrigación sanguínea , Lagartos , Microscopía , Microtomografía por Rayos XRESUMEN
OMC (octyl-methoxycinnamate), an endocrine disruptor having estrogenic activity, is used in sunscreen creams as UV filter. We studied its "in vitro" effects on the hypothalamic release of Gn-RH as well as on the amino acid neurotransmitter system. OMC significantly decreased Gn-RH release in normal male and female rats as well as in castrated rats with substitutive therapy. No effects were observed in castrated rats without substitutive therapy. In males OMC increases the release of GABA, decreasing the production of glutamate (GLU) while in the female decreases the excitatory amino acid aspartate (ASP) and GLU without modifications in the hypothalamic GABA release. These results suggest that OMC acting as endocrine disruptor could alter the sex hormone-neurotransmitter-Gn-RH axis relationships in adult rats.
Asunto(s)
Cinamatos/farmacología , Hormona Liberadora de Gonadotropina/metabolismo , Hipotálamo/metabolismo , Aminoácidos/metabolismo , Animales , Ácido Aspártico/metabolismo , Femenino , Hipotálamo/efectos de los fármacos , Masculino , Ratas , Caracteres Sexuales , Protectores Solares/farmacología , Ácido gamma-Aminobutírico/metabolismoRESUMEN
Se realizó un estudio descriptivo observacional de todos los pacientes diagnosticados de meningiomas Intracraneales en el Servicio de Neurocirugía del Hospital provincial Docente "Manuel Ascunce Domenech". Se determinó que los meningiomas Intracraneales resultaron más frecuentes en mujeres de la cuarta y quinta décadas de la vida, la cefalea, el déficit motor y las alteraciones mentales fueron los signos y síntomas neurológicos de mayor incidencia. La localización más frecuente de la lesión fue la de la convexidad frontal y resultó ser la de mejor grado de resección quirúrgica. El meningioma meningotelial, seguido del psamomatoso fueron los tipos histológicos predominante y las complicaciones respiratorias, la fístula de LCR y la sepsis quirúrgica ocuparon el primer lugar en cuanto a complicaciones. Se discuten y comparan estos resultados con la literatura nacional e internacional.
A descriptive observational study was run on all patients with intracranial meningiomas diagnosis at the Neurosurgery Department of the Academic Hospital "Manuel Ascunce Domenech". The result was that intracranial meningiomas are more frequent in women in their forties and fifties, migraine, motor deficit and mental disturbances were the neurological signs and symptoms of main incidence. The most frequent location of the lesion was the frontal convexity and proved to be of the best level of surgical resection. The meningiothelial meningioma followed by the psammomatous were the predominant histological types as well as the respiratory complications. As for complications the CSV fistula and surgical sepsis were on the first place. These results are discussed and compared with national and international literature.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Femenino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Meningioma/cirugía , Meningioma/patología , Neoplasias Meníngeas/cirugía , Neoplasias Meníngeas/patología , Distribución por Edad y Sexo , Cuba/epidemiología , Meningioma/epidemiología , Neoplasias Meníngeas/epidemiología , Complicaciones Posoperatorias , Procedimientos Neuroquirúrgicos/estadística & datos numéricosRESUMEN
It was carried out a revision of the ultrasonographic markers utilized to diagnose the genetic malformations during the first and the third trimester of the pregnancy, as well as the presentation of a case that we value in the genetics consultation in which was proven anatomopatológicamente a Down syndrome in a fetus that presented some of these markers.
Se realiza una revisión de los marcadores ultrasonográficos utilizados para diagnosticar las malformaciones genéticas durante el primer y el tercer trimestre del embarazo ,así como la presentación de un caso que valoramos en la consulta de genética en el cual fue comprobado anatomopatológicamente un síndrome de Down en un feto que presentaba algunos de estos marcadores.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Femenino , Embarazo , Adulto , Síndrome de Down , Ultrasonografía Prenatal/métodos , Anomalías Congénitas , Biomarcadores , Primer Trimestre del Embarazo , Segundo Trimestre del EmbarazoRESUMEN
The aim of the present paper was to study the role of NO as a mediator of leptin action at the hypothalamic level during sexual maturation. First, we analyzed the effect of different leptin concentrations (10 (-13), 10 (-11) and 10 (-9) M) on Gn-RH release from anterior preoptic area and medio basal hypothalamus (APOA-MBH) of prepubertal (15 days old) and peripubertal (30 days old) female rats. Leptin 10 (-13) M was the most effective concentration in releasing Gn-RH in both groups of animals. Since glutamate (GLU) and GABA are involved in the hypothalamic control of Gn-RH neurons and also in the neuroendocrine mechanism of puberty, in a second serie of experiments, we evaluated the effect of a competitive inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), N-monomethyl-L-arginine (NMMA) on Gn-RH, GLU and GABA release in response to leptin. Co incubation of APOA-MBH with NMMA 0.5 mM, completely blocked Gn-RH and GLU release induced by leptin 10 (-13) M in prepubertal and peripubertal rats. NMMA also blocked the stimulation of GABA release in prepubertal rats, as well as the inhibition of GABA release induced by leptin in peripubertal rats. It can be proposed that the different effect of NO on GABA release, could be related to ontogenic changes, e.g, maturation of receptors and/or interneuronal connections during sexual development. Present results provide evidence that leptin acts at the hypothalamic level to stimulate NO release, which in turn modifies the release of amino acid neurotransmitters involved in Gn-RH control.