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IMPORTANCE: Pudendal nerve block has been frequently used as a pain management modality for vaginal prolapse surgery. However, studies investigating its efficacy and the type of anesthetic used have had conflicting results. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of intraoperative pudendal nerve block with liposomal bupivacaine on postoperative pain after sacrospinous ligament suspension surgery. STUDY DESIGN: In this single-blinded randomized controlled trial, 83 women undergoing sacrospinous ligament suspension were randomized to receive either intraoperative pudendal nerve block with liposomal bupivacaine or no block. Participants recorded their pain level on postoperative days (PODs) 1-3 and 7, the number of pain medication pills consumed, and the quality of their recovery using a validated questionnaire. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in pain scores between the groups on POD 1 and POD 3: 5 (2-6.25) versus 5.5 (4-8; P = 0.058) and 4 (1-6) versus 5 (2-7; P = 0.146), respectively. On POD 2, the overall pain score was statistically different between the groups, with the block group having lower interquartile ranges. This difference, however, was not clinically significant: 5 (1.75-5) versus 5 (3.25-7.75; P = 0.023). In the subset of participants who underwent a concomitant midurethral sling procedure, POD 2 and POD3 pain scores were significantly lower in those who received the block: 3 (1-5) versus 6 (5-8; P = 0.006) for POD 2 and 3 (1-5) versus 5 (3.250-7; P = 0.042) for POD 3. There were no significant differences in pain medication consumption or the quality of recovery scores. CONCLUSION: Pudendal nerve block with liposomal bupivacaine did not result in significant differences in postoperative pain after sacrospinous ligament suspension, except in those participants who underwent a concomitant midurethral sling procedure.

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OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to determine whether an easy-to-read patient education card given at the preoperative visit can increase patient recall of the planned surgery. METHODS: This was a randomized controlled trial. Patients scheduled to undergo pelvic reconstructive surgery were recruited during their preoperative visits. All participants received standard surgical counseling, whereas the intervention group also received a 4 × 6 inch card highlighting the anticipated procedure. The primary outcome was correct recall of the planned surgery as measured by a preoperative questionnaire. Secondary outcomes were correct recall of the surgery postoperatively and patient satisfaction with the information provided. RESULTS: One hundred twenty-eight patients were enrolled with 64 participants in each arm. One hundred twenty-seven participants were analyzed because 1 patient was lost to follow-up. No difference was found between patient demographics, including types of surgical procedures performed. There was a statistically significant improvement in preoperative recall: 30 of 63 participants (47.6%) in the intervention group answered all questions correctly versus 18 of 64 patients (28.6%) patients in the standard counseling group (P = 0.021). There was no difference in the postoperative scores between the 2 groups: 48.3% (28 of 58) and 52.5% (32 of 61) of the participants answered all questions correctly in the intervention and standard counseling only groups, respectively (P = 0.648). There was no difference in satisfaction scores, with a median score of 20 out of 20 for either group (interquartile range = 19-20). CONCLUSIONS: A concise and easy-to-use education card enhanced patient preoperative recall of the proposed surgery. This difference was not sustained postoperatively. High satisfaction with the information provided was reported regardless of counseling method.

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BACKGROUND: Vaginal agenesis is a congenital disorder affecting 1 in 4000 to 1 in 10,000 females. Lack of normal vaginal support structures may lead these patients to develop prolapse of the distal rudimentary vagina. Presently, there is no consensus regarding the best surgical option. However, the goal of surgery is to restore normal anatomy and establish normal sexual function. CASE: We report the case of a 28-year-old woman with müllerian agenesis, diagnosed at age 19 years, who presented with complaints of dyspareunia and vaginal eversion. One year before presentation to our practice, the patient underwent an anterior and posterior repair with mesh and a transobturator sling. After careful evaluation, the patient underwent excision of mesh and a second procedure to elongate and suspend her vagina. Her vaginal length was extended from 4 to 8 cm. CONCLUSIONS: Prolapse of the neovagina in müllerian agenesis is a rare event; it can occur after nonsurgical or surgical treatments. Although there have been reported cases of abdominal or laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy to correct vaginal vault prolapse in these patients, there is a scarcity of information addressing the vault suspension in cases lacking healthy vaginal tissue. Our case shows how successful anatomical functional correction can be achieved with a simpler technique using an allograft to achieve a normal vaginal length in combination with a sacrocolpopexy.

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INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS: The objective of the study was to assess vaginal mesh procedures and patient characteristics that are associated with postoperative urinary retention (PUR) following pelvic reconstructive surgery. METHODS: The charts of 142 patients who underwent transvaginal reconstructive surgery with mesh were included in the analysis. Primary outcome was the incidence of PUR following surgery with mesh. Patients were grouped according to discharge from the hospital with or without a catheter based on a standardized voiding trial. RESULTS: Forty-eight patients (34%) developed PUR after surgery. Of those, 30 patients (62.5%) had a combined anterior and posterior repair (p = 0.033). Mean preoperative anterior stage prolapse for patients with PUR compared with no PUR was 2.31 vs. 1.80 (p = 0.002). There was a greater association of PUR among patients with concomitant retropubic slings compared with transobturator slings (OR = 3.6, 95% confidence interval = 1.3-9.8). CONCLUSIONS: A higher preoperative anterior stage prolapse, combined anterior and posterior compartment repairs, and retropubic sling procedures appear to be associated with PUR.

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OBJECTIVE: This study was undertaken to determine whether the arcus tendineus fascia pelvis (ATFP) can be accurately identified from the paravaginal space (PVS) without entering the retropubic space (RPS). STUDY DESIGN: Eight patients undergoing vaginal paravaginal repair were enrolled. The paravaginal dissection was completed to the most cephalad portion of the PVS without entering the RPS. The apex of each PVS was stained with methylene blue. The RPS was entered, the ATFP visualized, and 4 sutures were placed along its length to be used for the repair. The perpendicular distance between each suture and the most cephalad area of stain was measured. RESULTS: The mean distance from the perceived to actual ATFP at each suture point (1-4) was 3.5 cm, 2.75 cm, 2.0 cm, and 0.91 cm, respectively. CONCLUSION: In these 8 cases, the RPS had to be entered to accurately identify the ATFP. The degree of error increases as the ischial spine is approached (P < .001).

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