RESUMEN
A uniform graphene nanodots inlaid porous gold electrode was prepared via ion beam sputtering deposition (IBSD) and mild corrosion chemistry. HRTEM, SEM, AFM and XPS analyses revealed the successful fabrication of graphene nanodots inlaid porous gold electrode. The as-prepared porous electrode was used as π-orbital-rich drug loading platform to fabricate an electrochemically controlled drug release system with high performance. π-orbital-rich drugs with amino mioety, like doxorubicin (DOX) and tetracycline (TC), were loaded into the graphene nanodots inlaid porous gold electrode via non-covalent π-π stacking interaction. The amino groups in DOX and TC can be easily protonated at acidic medium to become positively-charged NH3(+), which allow these drug molecules to be desorbed from the porous electrode surface via electrostatic repulsion when positive potential is applied at the electrode. The drug loading and release experiment indicated that this graphene nanodots inlaid porous gold electrode can be used to conveniently and efficiently control the drug release electrochemically. Not only did our work provide a benign method to electrochemically controlled drug release via electrostatic repulsion process, it also enlighten the promising practical applications of micro electrode as a drug carrier for precisely and efficiently controlled drug release via embedding in the body.
Asunto(s)
Portadores de Fármacos/química , Oro/química , Grafito/química , Nanopartículas/química , Adsorción , Línea Celular Tumoral , Preparaciones de Acción Retardada/química , Doxorrubicina/química , Doxorrubicina/metabolismo , Electroquímica , Electrodos , Humanos , Concentración de Iones de Hidrógeno , Modelos Moleculares , Conformación Molecular , Porosidad , Tetraciclina/química , Tetraciclina/metabolismoRESUMEN
In this study, electron transfer behavior of the graphene nanosheets attachment on glassy carbon electrode (GCE) via direct electrochemical reduction of graphene oxide (GO) is investigated for the first time. The graphene modified electrode was achieved by simply dipping the GCE in GO suspension, followed by cyclic voltammetric scanning in the potential window from 0V to -1.5V. Tris(2,2'-bipyridyl)ruthenium(II) [Ru(bpy)3(2+)] was immobilized on the graphene modified electrode and used as the redox probe to evaluate the electron transfer behavior. The electron transfer rate constant (Ks) was calculated to be 61.9±5.8s(-1), which is much faster than that of tiled graphene modified GCE (7.1±0.6s(-1)). The enhanced electron transfer property observed with the GCE modified by reductively deposited graphene is probably due to its standing configuration, which is beneficial to the electron transfer comparing with the tiled one. Because the abundant oxygen-containing groups are mainly located at the edges of GO, which should be much easier for the reduction to start from, the reduced GO should tend to stand on the electrode surface as evidenced by scanning electron microscopy analysis. In addition, due to the favored electron transfer and standing configuration, the Ru(bpy)3(2+) electrochemiluminescence sensor fabricated with standing graphene modified GCE provided much higher and more stable efficiency than that fabricated with tiled graphene.