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Granular cell tumors are uncommon in the gastrointestinal tract. They are often found incidentally during colonoscopic examination performed for other reasons as they are frequently asymptomatic and benign. They usually present as submucosal lesions that can be endoscopically resected. The final diagnosis depends on histopathological findings. We present the case of a 47-year-old man that underwent an endoscopic resection of several polyps at the time of colonoscopy with nonspecific complaints and family history of colorectal carcinoma.

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Fruits and vegetables consumption has risen noticeably during recent decades, leading to a greater frequency of foodborne illnesses associated with fresh produce. Novel industrial applications and improvements in ozone technology together with new regulatory actions worldwide have emerged in recent years, making its use in the food industry easier. This technology has attracted considerable commercial interest, especially because ozone does not leave any residues on the treated produce and it is also accepted by many organic grower organizations. However, discrepancies regarding the efficacy of this technology are often found in the bibliography and further research is still needed. These differences could be attributed to a great variability in the conditions of the research work: method of ozone generation and application, O3 concentration and exposure time to the gas, as well as the way in which produce is packed. In this sense, standardization in the working conditions and in the units to measure ozone concentration will be useful to better understand the mode of action and the effects of ozone on food products. Consequently, it would be possible to improve its potential as a sanitizer in the food industry.

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El reumatismo fibroblástico es una enfermedad de aparición excepcional, caracterizada por la asociación de una poliartritis agresiva y la presencia de nódulos cutáneos. La artritis se caracteriza por ser rápidamente progresiva, dando lugar a la pérdida de la función articular y, finalmente, a la aparición de la denominada por autores franceses main an griffe. Las lesiones cutáneas aparecen y desaparecen de forma espontánea, y se caracterizan por unos hallazgos histológicos singulares. Presentamos a una paciente con signos clínicos y hallazgos histológicos indicadivos de reumatismo fibroblástico, que tuvo una respuesta satisfactoria al tratamiento combinado con ciclofosfamida y prednisona, no descrito previamente en la bibliografía internacional (AU)

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OBJECTIVES: To investigate the presence of soluble HLA class I (s-HLA) antigens in serum and synovial fluid (SF) from a large cohort of rheumatic patients. METHODS: We studied clinical and analytical data and serum samples from 300 patients [122 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), 38 with osteoarthritis or osteoporosis, 29 with seronegative spondyloarthropathies, 45 patients with other rheumatic diseases] and 66 healthy controls. In addition, we studied 25 paired samples of serum and SF from these groups of subjects. In RA patients, we examined whether the levels of s-HLA in serum and SF were related to the activity of the disease. RESULTS: The mean concentrations of s-HLA molecules in serum were slightly higher in RA patients (1.2 microg/ml) than in the other four groups (1.08, 1.01, 1.09 and 0.94 microg/ml respectively). We found no correlation between serum s-HLA levels and any variable of inflammatory disease activity in RA patients. s-HLA molecules were found in SF and at levels that correlated with those found in serum (P=0.04; r=0.4). Furthermore, s-HLA levels were higher in SF from patients with RA (1.3 microg/ml) or crystal-induced arthritis (0.98 microg/ml) than in SF from those with osteoarthritis (0.38 microg/ml) (P<0.05 and P<0.005 respectively), and these levels were correlated inversely and significantly with the score on the visual analogue scale of pain (P=0.02), the number of painful joints (P=0.05) and the level of C-reactive protein (P=0.03) in RA patients. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first report to demonstrate the presence of s-HLA molecules in SF at levels that correlate with serum levels. The mean levels of s-HLA molecules were significantly higher in SF from patients with RA and crystal-induced arthritis than in SF from cases of osteoarthritis, and correlated inversely with certain variables of disease activity in RA patients.

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OBJECTIVE: To determine which activity indices better correlate with assessor's (AGA) and patient's (PGA) global assessment of disease activity and to compare the improvement with American College of Rheumatology (ACR) and European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) criteria and their association with PGA and AGA of overall improvement. METHODS: Seventy-five patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) were studied. Swollen and tender joints, morning stiffness, grip strength, pain, AGA, PGA, Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) score, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CPR), and hemoglobin were determined before and 6 months after treatment. Several activity indices were calculated: Disease Activity Score (DAS), DAS 3, DAS 28, DAS '28,' ACR > or = 20%, Mallya, Riel, IDA, and a modification of the Stoke index. RESULTS: All indices correlated with PGA and AGA before and after treatment (r > 0.38, p < 0.01), but better results were obtained with AGA than PGA. DAS, DAS 3, DAS 28, and modified Stoke had the best correlation with AGA (r > or = 0.77, p < 0.01). The indices that better detected the differences after treatment for AGA were DAS, DAS 3, DAS 28, and modified Stoke (r > or = -0.42, p < 0.01). The level of agreement between EULAR and ACR improvement classifications with both reduced and extensive joint counts was comparable and its association with PGA and AGA overall improvement was significant (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: All activity indices correlated with PGA and AGA, although the best results were obtained with AGA. Although indices' correlations were similar, the DAS group and the modified Stoke seemed to be the most useful indices to measure disease activity in RA. The discriminating potential between ACR and EULAR improvement classification was comparable, as was the association with PGA and AGA overall improvement.

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A group of 49 strains of Fusarium sp. isolated from different Spanish samples of cereals and mixed feedstuffs were screened for their ability to produce trichothecenes like T-2 toxin (T-2), HT-2 toxin (HT-2), diacetoxyscirpenol (DAS) and deoxynivalenol (DN), as well as other mycotoxin produced by Fusarium named fusarin C. The production of these mycotoxins was analyzed by means of spectrophotometry, thin layer chromatography (TLC), high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gas chromatography (GC). Results showed that from 19 Fusarium strains in which cultures trichothecene production was detected, 15 were HT-2 producers, 9 T-2 producers, 14 DAS producers and 10 DN producers. On the other hand, from 28 Fusarium strains in which cultures fusarin C production was detected, 22 were low fusarin C producers (ranged from 0.04 to 1 microgram/l ICI medium), 5 Fusarium strains were intermediate-level producers (ranged from 1 to 10 micrograms/l ICI medium) and one Fusarium strain produced 240 micrograms/l ICI medium. The identified Fusarium strains that produced trichothecenes and fusarin C were F. moniliforme and F. oxysporum.

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Samples of seeds and feeds (corn-based and mixed) were collected during surveys in 1991-92 and 1992-93 from two regions of Spain, one in northern Spain where the annual rainfall is over 900 mm, and the other in southeastern Spain where the annual rainfall is about 400 mm. The level of Fusarium contamination was determined in the 657 samples analysed, and results were analysed statistically to assess the effects of type of sample and meteorological conditions on Fusarium proliferation. The predominant Fusarium species was Fusarium moniliforme, which represented 92.2% of the total Fusarium strains isolated. Other species isolated were Fusarium oxysporum (5.9%), F. oxysporum var. redolens (0.6%), Fusarium poae (0.6%) and Fusarium sporotrichioides (0.6%).