RESUMEN
Differences in extent of amoxicillin absorption from various regions of the gastrointestinal tract were determined and compared with the same dose administered orally. Nine healthy men were intubated at a proximal (duodenum or jejunum) or distal (ileum or colon) site with use of a 15-foot double lumen nasointestinal tube. Amoxicillin solutions (375 mg in 120 ml water) were delivered on 2 successive days as a bolus or a 4-hour infusion. Subjects were reintubated at another site and amoxicillin administration was repeated. Subjects with colonic intubation received only infusions. Finally, all subjects received an oral dose of amoxicillin solution. Plasma samples were obtained at 16 time points over a 10-hour period and assayed for amoxicillin by use of an HPLC method. Area under the concentration-time curve and the maximum plasma concentration were computed to evaluate amoxicillin absorption. Amoxicillin absorption was rate and site dependent in the gastrointestinal tract. The drug was well absorbed in the duodenum and jejunum, with no significant differences in absorption when administered as a bolus or 4-hour infusion, but absorption was decreased and rate dependent in the ileum, where more drug was absorbed as an infusion compared with a bolus. Amoxicillin was unabsorbed when infused in all colonic regions.
Asunto(s)
Amoxicilina/farmacocinética , Absorción Intestinal/fisiología , Intestino Grueso/metabolismo , Intestino Delgado/metabolismo , Adulto , Amoxicilina/administración & dosificación , Análisis de Varianza , Disponibilidad Biológica , Humanos , Masculino , Valores de Referencia , Factores de TiempoAsunto(s)
Anticuerpos Antibacterianos/administración & dosificación , Anticuerpos Antivirales/administración & dosificación , Diarrea/prevención & control , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Infecciones por Escherichia coli/prevención & control , Escherichia coli/inmunología , Inmunización Pasiva , Infecciones por Rotavirus/prevención & control , Rotavirus/inmunología , Porcinos/inmunología , Administración Oral , Animales , Bovinos , Diarrea/microbiología , Infecciones por Escherichia coli/microbiología , Vida Libre de Gérmenes , Infecciones por Rotavirus/microbiologíaRESUMEN
Immunization of BALB/c male mice with human peripheral leukemic blasts effectively reduced the later formation of syngeneic fetal liver, but not bone marrow hematopoietic colonies in the spleen when these mice were lethally irradiated and challenged i.v. Fetal antigen was detected in 6 of 6 lymphocytic leukemic patients and in 4 or 8 myelocytic leukemia patients and was correlated with low cellular levels of sialic acid. A rabbit antiserum ot BALB/c 15-day fetal liver cells labeled only 0 to 2% of normal donor peripheral leukocytes in indirect immunofluorescence but reacted with 10 to 21% of leukemic peripheral blasts. Active disease bone marrow on the same patients gave 7 to 40% fluorescent cells. Two remission bone marrow smaples were negative and 1 had 44% fluorescent cells. Using this antiserum coupled to sepharose, affinity column separation of KCl extracts from mouse and human fetal liver and from chronic lymphocytic leukemia has produced 4 common protein bands (identifiable on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis).