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We investigated the effect of a high-fat diet on body metabolism and ventral prostate morphology in 4-months-old offspring. The mother was fed with a control (C) or a high-fat (HF) diet during gestation and lactation. At weaning, the offspring diet remained the same (C/C, n = 8; HF/HF, n = 8) or it was switched (C/HF, n = 8; HF/C, n = 9). Biometry, blood pressure (BP), glucose, lipid metabolism and ventral prostate were evaluated. Triacylglycerol of HF/C increased, and the C/HF group had decreased HDL-c levels (P = 0.0005 and P = 0.0100, respectively). All groups on the HF diet presented hyperglycemia (P = 0.0064). Serum testosterone diminished in the C/HF group (P = 0.0218). The HF diet, regardless of the period, reduced prostatic acinar area (P < 0.0001). The epithelium height was smaller in HF/C and HF/HF groups compared with C/C and C/HF (P < 0.0001), and the volume density of epithelium was lower in HF/C group compared with the C/C and C/HF (P = 0.0024). The volume density of smooth muscle cells diminished in C/HF and HF/C (P = 0.0013), and the volume density of connective tissue was reduced in HF/C and HF/HF (P < 0.0001). High-fat diet intake during prenatal and postnatal life leads to prostatic atrophy, which may impair prostate secretory activity and contractility, and thus disturb reproductive function in adulthood.

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Here, we evaluated the effects of a high-fat diet during the prenatal and/or postnatal period on the metabolic parameters and testes of 4-month-old Wistar rats. The experimental groups, composed of male Wistar rats, were: C/C (n=8), HF/HF (n=8) (pups with the same diet as their dams, after weaning), C/HF (n=8), and HF/C (n=9) (pups with a different diet after weaning, from that of their dams). The biometric parameters, blood glucose levels, serum levels, the gonadosomatic index, sperm parameters, testes, and genital fat deposits were evaluated. The HDL-c serum levels were significantly lower in the C/HF group (P=0.0100), whereas animals in the HF/C group presented hypertriglyceridemia (P=0.0005). The sperm concentration was lower in the HF/HF group than in the HF/C group (P=0.0072), and sperm viability was lower in all groups receiving a high-fat diet (P<0.0001). The tubular compartment was the smallest in the HF/HF group (P<0.0001). The diameter of the seminiferous tubule was the widest in the HF/C group (P<0.0001). The height of the seminiferous epithelium in all groups was lower than that in the C/C group (PP<0.0001). Testosterone and steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (STAR) expression levels were lower in the C/HF group (P=0.0218 and P=0.0215, respectively). The HF diet, regardless of the administration period, induced a limited number of metabolic changes, and modifications in the histoarchitecture of the testes and sperm parameters. These data suggest that a HF diet may cause disturbances in spermatogenesis and fertility impairment in adulthood.

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PURPOSE:: To investigate the protective effect of L-arginine on the prostate (nonneoplasic) of rats with radiation-induced injury. METHODS:: Twenty-nine Wistar rats, male adult, allocated into three groups: Control group (C) was not exposed to irradiation (n=10); Radiated group (R) had undergone pelvic irradiation (n=10); Supplemented and radiated group (R+S) had undergone pelvic irradiation plus L-arginine supplementation (n=9). The animals were observed for signs of toxicity. After euthanization, the prostate was dissected under magnification and stained by hematoxylin and eosin to study acinar structures and stained with Picrosirius red for collagen analysis. RESULTS:: After radiation exposure, all animals presented diarrhea, but supplementation with L-arginine reduced this effect. The weight gain in the R+S group was significantly higher than in the C and R groups. In the R+S group the collagen density and the prostate acinar area was similar to the R and C groups. Epithelial height was significantly reduced in group R compared with group C (p<0.0001). When comparing the group R+S with R, a statistical difference was observed to be present (p<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS:: Pelvic radiation promotes systemic effects and some structural modifications in the ventral prostate of rats. These modifications can be prevented by oral supplementation with L-arginine.

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ABSTRACT PURPOSE: To investigate the protective effect of L-arginine on the prostate (nonneoplasic) of rats with radiation-induced injury. METHODS: Twenty-nine Wistar rats, male adult, allocated into three groups: Control group (C) was not exposed to irradiation (n=10); Radiated group (R) had undergone pelvic irradiation (n=10); Supplemented and radiated group (R+S) had undergone pelvic irradiation plus L-arginine supplementation (n=9). The animals were observed for signs of toxicity. After euthanization, the prostate was dissected under magnification and stained by hematoxylin and eosin to study acinar structures and stained with Picrosirius red for collagen analysis. RESULTS: After radiation exposure, all animals presented diarrhea, but supplementation with L-arginine reduced this effect. The weight gain in the R+S group was significantly higher than in the C and R groups. In the R+S group the collagen density and the prostate acinar area was similar to the R and C groups. Epithelial height was significantly reduced in group R compared with group C (p<0.0001). When comparing the group R+S with R, a statistical difference was observed to be present (p<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Pelvic radiation promotes systemic effects and some structural modifications in the ventral prostate of rats. These modifications can be prevented by oral supplementation with L-arginine.

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PURPOSE: To evaluate the effects of different high-fat diets on body mass, carbohydrate metabolism and testicular morphology in rats seven months old. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: SC (standard chow), HF-S (high fat diet rich in saturated fatty acids), HF-P (high fat diet rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids), HF-SP (high fat diet rich in saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids). The rats were fed for 16 weeks. Blood samples, testes and genital fat deposits were collected for analysis. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc test, considering p<0.05 as statistically significant. RESULTS: Different high-fat diets promoted an increase in the body mass (p<0.0001). The genital fat deposits were higher in the high-fat groups (HF-S, HF-P, HF-SP) (p=0.0004). Regarding serum parameters, the animals in the HF-S and HF-SP groups presented hyperglycemia (p=0.0060), hyperinsulinemia (p=0.0030) and hypercholesterolemia (p=0.0021). All of the hyperlipidemic groups showed hyperleptinemia (p=0.0019). Concerning the testis, the HF-S group showed a reduction on the seminiferous epithelium height (p=0.0003) and cell proliferation (p=0.0450). Seminiferous tubule diameter was lower in the HF-SP than in the SC group (p=0.0010). CONCLUSIONS: The high fat diet administration, independent of the lipid quality, promotes overweight. Diet rich in saturated fatty acids (lard) alters the carbohydrate metabolism and the testicular morphology with reductions of seminiferous epithelium height, seminiferous tubule diameter and cell proliferation which could be related to a disturbance of spermatogenesis.

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To evaluate the effects of different high-fat diets on body mass, carbohydrate metabolism and testicular morphology in rats seven months old.

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AIM: To evaluate the influence of dietary lipid quality on the body mass, carbohydrate metabolism and morphology of the rat ventral prostate. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Wistar rats were divided into four groups: SC (standard chow), HF-S (high-fat diet rich in saturated fatty acids), HF-P (high-fat diet rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids) and HF-SP (high-fat diet rich in saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids). We analyzed body mass, fat mass deposits, plasma blood, insulin resistance and the ventral prostate structure. RESULTS: Groups that received high-fat diets were heavier and presented larger fat deposits than SC group. The HF-S and HF-SP groups had higher glucose, insulin and total cholesterol serum levels and insulin resistance compared with the SC. The acinar area, epithelium height and area density of the lumen were higher in the HF-SP than in the other groups. The epithelium area density and epithelial cell proliferation were greater in the HF-P and HF-SP than in the SC group. All of the groups that received high-fat diets had greater area density of the stroma, area density of smooth muscle cells and stromal cell proliferation compared with the SC group. CONCLUSION: Diets rich in saturated and/or polyunsaturated fatty acids induced overweight. Independently of insulin resistance, polyunsaturated fatty acids increased prostate stromal and epithelial cell proliferation. Saturated fatty acids influenced only stromal cellular proliferation. These structural and morphometric alterations may be considered risk factors for the development of adverse remodeling process in the rat ventral prostate.

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