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Introducción y objetivos: Dado el conocimiento epidemiológico del carcinoma escamoso de cabeza y cuello, pronóstico y supervivencia según el estadio al diagnóstico, y ante la ausencia de programas de cribado que hayan demostrado ser coste-efectivos, nos propusimos evaluar un programa de diagnóstico rápido. El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar si la existencia de un circuito de diagnóstico rápido desde Atención Primaria, con base en una ponderación de síntomas y signos, supondría un cambio en la proporción de diagnósticos en estadios iniciales versus tardíos en estos tumores.MétodosSe ha realizado un estudio observacional prospectivo de pacientes remitidos con la sospecha de un tumor en el área ORL en nuestro centro durante 24 meses consecutivos. Se creó un algoritmo con síntomas y signos de sospecha para utilización por el médico de familia y un circuito de remisión rápida de los pacientes candidatos. Se registraron también los pacientes con sospecha de tumor provenientes de fuentes distintas de este circuito. Los datos obtenidos (edad, sexo, consumo de tóxicos, tiempo y clínica de presentación, localización del tumor y extensión), se han comparado con los de los pacientes recogidos en la base de datos de tumores del Servicio de ORL diagnosticados durante los 4años previos al inicio del estudio.ResultadosSe incluyó en el estudio a 199 pacientes y se diagnosticaron 82 tumores del área ORL. Los médicos de familia remitieron por el circuito de diagnóstico rápido creado un total de 136 pacientes y 35 (26,1%) presentaban una tumoración. Sin embargo, la mayoría de los tumores diagnosticados durante este periodo en el Servicio de ORL (47 pacientes, 57,3% de todos los tumores diagnosticados) no fueron sospechados por su médico de familia y no fueron remitidos al hospital utilizando el circuito de diagnóstico rápido. (AU)

Introduction and objectives: Given the epidemiological knowledge of squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck, the prognosis in survival according to the staging at diagnosis and the absence of screening programmes that have proven cost-effective, we undertook a rapid diagnosis programme. The objective of this study was to analyse whether a rapid diagnostic programme (RDP) to be used by General Practitioners (GP) would achieve a change in the proportion of diagnoses in early versus late stages in these tumours.MethodsA prospective observational study of patients diagnosed with a tumour of ENT location in our centre, was carried out for 24 consecutive months. A “suspicion algorithm” was designed and we established a rapid remission route for these patients. The data obtained (age, sex, toxic substance consumption, initial manifestations, tumour location and extension) were compared with the data of the patients in our ENT Service database diagnosed in the 4years prior to the start of the study.Results199 patients were included, and 82 ENT tumours diagnosed. The GPs sent to the Hospital via the RDP a total of 136 patients and 35 (26.1%) had a tumour. However, most of the tumours diagnosed in this period by our ENT Department (47 patients, 57.3% of all tumours diagnosed), were not suspected by the GP and were not sent via the RDP.Of the patients, 27% were diagnosed in stages i and ii, and 73% in stages iii and iv, there were no significant differences with the control group. The most frequent initial signs and symptoms were dysphonia, cervical mass and dysphagia, the relationship between initial symptom and stage at the moment of diagnosis was analysed, and in neither case did we obtain any significant variation. (AU)

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INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Given the epidemiological knowledge of squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck (SCHN), the prognosis in survival according to the staging at diagnosis and the absence of screening programmes that have proven cost-effective, we undertook a rapid diagnosis programme. The objective of this study was to analyse whether a rapid diagnostic programme (RDP) to be used by General Practitioners (GP) would achieve a change in the proportion of diagnoses in early versus late stages in these tumours. METHODS: A prospective observational study of patients diagnosed with a tumour of ENT location in our centre, was carried out for 24 consecutive months. A "suspicion algorithm" was designed and we established a rapid remission route for these patients. The data obtained (age, sex, toxic substance consumption, initial manifestations, tumour location and extension) were compared with the data of the patients in our ENT Service database diagnosed in the four years prior to the start of the study. RESULTS: 199 patients were included, and 82 ENT tumours diagnosed. The GPs sent to the Hospital via the RDP a total of 136 patients and 35 (26.1%) had a tumour. However, most of the tumours diagnosed in this period by our ENT Department (47 patients, 57.3% of all tumours diagnosed), were not suspected by the GP and were not sent via the RDP. Of the patients, 27% were diagnosed in stages I and II, and 73% in stages II and IV, there were no significant differences with the control group. The most frequent initial signs and symptoms were dysphonia, cervical mass and dysphagia, the relationship between initial symptom and stage at the moment of diagnosis was analysed, and in neither case did we obtain any significant variation. CONCLUSIONS: The implementation of a rapid diagnosis pathway for patients who, according to the algorithm created, had a suspected head and neck cancer, has not led to an increase in the diagnosis of these tumours in early stages or a decrease in diagnoses in advanced stages.

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Estudio retrospectivo de un período de 10 años (desde enero de 1992 hasta diciembre de 2001), para evaluar si hay diferencias en complicaciones según la técnica utilizada en la producción del neumoperitoneo en cirugía laparoscópica, determinando los índices de morbilidad y mortalidad asociados a las dos técnicas de abordaje utilizadas en este tipo de cirugía. Se revisaron las historias médicas de 537 casos de intervención con cirugía laparoscópica, en el Hospital Miguel Pérez Carreño; 400 casos de abordaje con aguja de Veress y 137 casos de abordaje por trocar de Hasson. Se observó una tasa de lesión visceral de 1 por ciento y lesión vascular de 0,5 por ciento en el abordaje cerrado; no hubo complicaciones para el abordaje abierto. La mortalidad del abordaje cerrado fue de 0,25 por ciento. No hay diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre ambos métodos. La mayoría de las complicaciones (83,3 por ciento) ocurrieron en el año 1992. Los dos métodos de abordaje laparoscópico poseen similar margen de seguridad.

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