RESUMEN
The Iron Quadrangle in SE Brazil was, in the eighteenth century, one of the most important Au producing regions of Brazil. In this region, gold is produced, even today, by artisanal methods that use Hg to increase the extraction efficiency with no control of Hg release to water systems and the atmosphere. In this context, the Gualaxo do Norte River is of particular interest; its springs are located in the Doce River basin, an important Brazilian basin that supplies water for 3.5 million people. The main goal of this work was to quantify and speciate the Hg in the sediments of the Gualaxo do Norte River using a direct mercury analyzer and gas chromatography-pyrolysis-atomic fluorescence detection system. Statistical analyses consisted of principal component analysis, aiming to assess interactions among elements and species and to group the variables in factors affecting the properties of sediment. The results show that total Hg (THg) and methylmercury (CH3Hg+) concentrations in samples ranged from 209 to 1207 µg kg-1 and from 0.07 to 1.00 µg kg-1, respectively (methylation percentages from 0.01 to 0.27%). Thermal desorption analysis showed that mercury is mainly present in the oxidized form, and correlation analyses pointed to a relationship between THg and MnO, indicating that manganese can oxidize and/or adsorb Hg. Together, MO and CH3Hg+ are important parameters in the third principal component, indicating the influence of OM on the methylation process. This first investigation on Hg methylation in this small-scale gold mining area points to the possibility of Hg bioaccumulation and to the need of better understanding the biogeochemical cycle of Hg in this area. Samples were collected in 2012, prior to the 2015 Fundão Dam disaster. The results are also a record of the characteristics of the sediment prior to that event.
Asunto(s)
Monitoreo del Ambiente , Sedimentos Geológicos/química , Mercurio/análisis , Minería , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua/análisis , Atmósfera , Brasil , Oro/análisis , Hierro/análisis , Manganeso/análisis , Compuestos de Metilmercurio/análisis , Ríos/química , Agua/análisisRESUMEN
O desejo do analista И o que resulta e que se pode colocar em funcionamento, uma vez que o percurso da cura desvencilhou o sujeito de sua crenГa no Outro, fazendo-o responsАvel por seu prСprio gozo, tanto daquele que estА como daquele que falta; fundamentalmente do que falta poderМamos dizer, jА que И o que permitirА situar o "paciente" nЦo como objeto na busca desse gozo que falta, mas deixar esse lugar vazio, permitindo, assim, que o analisante se encontre com esse desejo inИdito, no qual, pela primeira vez, nЦo serА tomado como corpo. Neste caso, o desejo do analista finalmente aparece com a "nИvoa"; esse real mesmo que jА nЦo estА mais no Outro, estА ali perdido, garante o nЦo todo, И o gozo que falta e que jА se sabe que nЦo estА no Outro; ele nЦo tem que ir buscА-lo no outro, porque estА ali do lado do Um, mas nЦo И nada alИm de "nИvoa". A questЦo И como mantЙ-lo ali, de forma que a "nИvoa" nЦo se dissipe, se mantenha no limite do sentido. O passe И uma tentativa de que essa "nИvoa" nЦo se dissipe, jА que ele И o que permite sair da indefiniГЦo. Tentativa de preservar algo desse real que tende constantemente ao contrАrio da insistЙncia do sentido que sempre volta, tentativa de um novo enlace de que algo disso que foi encontrado, tЦo valioso, nЦo se perca.(AU)
The analyst's desire is what results and what can be put to functioning, once the trajectory of the cure has freed the subject from his/her faith in the Other. This makes the subject responsible for his/her own jouissance, both from the one who is present and the one that is missing. Fundamentally, we could say something about the missing one, once it is the one that will allow the localization of the "patient" not as an object in search of this jouissance, but leave this place empty, thus, allowing the analysand to meet with this new desire, in which, for the first time, will not be taken as body. In this case, the analyst's desire, finally, appears with the "haze", this blunt real which is no longer with the Other. It is lost there, it guarantees the "not all". It is the missing jouissance and as previously known, it is not within the Other. It does not have to look for it in the Other because it is there by the side of the One; however it is nothing but "haze". The question is how to maintain it there, in a way that the "haze" does not dissipate, is kept in the limit of the sense. The pass is an attempt to prevent this "haze" from dissipating once it is exactly this that also allows a move away from indefinition. An attempt of preserving something of this real that, contrary to the insistence of the sense, always turns back; an attempt of a new connection with something that was found, and that for being so valuable, shall not get lost.(AU)