RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Urinary catecholamines and metanephrines have been proposed as a diagnostic tool for identifying canine pheochromocytomas, but the effects of critical illness on urine concentrations of catecholamines and metanephrines currently are unknown. OBJECTIVES: To examine the effects of illness on urine concentrations of catecholamines and metanephrines in dogs. ANIMALS: Twenty-five critically ill dogs and 25 healthy age- and sex-matched control dogs. METHODS: Prospective observational study. Urine was collected from healthy and critically ill dogs, and urine concentrations of epinephrine, norepinephrine, metanephrine, and normetanephrine were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. Urinary catecholamine and metanephrine:creatinine ratios were calculated and compared between groups. RESULTS: Urinary epinephrine, norepinephrine, metanephrine, and normetanephrine:creatinine ratios were higher in critically ill dogs when compared with a healthy control population (P=.0009, P<0.0001, P<0.0001, and P<0.0001, respectively). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Illness has a significant impact on urinary catecholamines and their metabolites in dogs. Further investigation of catecholamine and metanephrine concentrations in dogs with pheochromocytomas is warranted to fully evaluate this test as a diagnostic tool; however, the findings of this study suggest that the results may be difficult to interpret in dogs with concurrent illness.
Asunto(s)
Catecolaminas/orina , Enfermedades de los Perros/orina , Animales , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Catecolaminas/metabolismo , Perros , Femenino , Masculino , Metanefrina/metabolismo , Metanefrina/orina , Estudios ProspectivosRESUMEN
A chronic ulcerative and eosinophilic dermatitis occurred in 20 captive cheetahs (Acinonyx jubatus) with persistent feline herpes virus 1 (FHV1) infection. Affected animals had erythematous, ulcerated plaques primarily on the face and forelegs in sites of contact with lachrymal and salivary secretions. The dermatitis was characterized by dense infiltrates of eosinophils and plasma cells and pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia. Rare keratinocytes within the lesions had nuclei with marginated chromatin and small eosinophilic inclusions composed of herpes virus nucleocapsids. Virus isolated from lesions was confirmed to be FHV1. Lesions persisted and progressed unless removed by cryoexcision. The occurrence of this unusual reaction to FHV1 in approximately 5% of captive North American cheetahs suggests a species propensity for a Th2-dominant response to herpes virus infection. This atypical immune reaction may indicate a heritable trait or modulation of the immune response by other factors such as chronic stress.
Asunto(s)
Acinonyx/virología , Dermatitis/veterinaria , Eosinofilia/veterinaria , Herpes Simple/veterinaria , Acinonyx/inmunología , Animales , Dermatitis/etiología , Dermatitis/patología , Eosinofilia/etiología , Eosinofilia/patología , Herpes Simple/complicaciones , Técnicas Histológicas , Queratinocitos/ultraestructura , Microscopía Electrónica , América del Norte , Piel/ultraestructura , Células Th2/inmunologíaRESUMEN
A 2-month-old male black and white Colobus monkey (Colobus guereza kikuyuensis) was euthanatized because of progressive physical deterioration, rear limb paralysis, lymphadenopathy, and the presence of facial and retroperitoneal lumbar masses. At necropsy, soft white masses were present in and around lumbar vertebrae, the subcutis of the face, multiple lymph nodes, and the fourth ventricle of the brain. Histologic and immunohistochemical analysis of these masses revealed a primitive neoplasm with both neuronal and glial differentiation, consistent with a primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) with bipotential differentiation. The extracranial tumors were synaptophysin (SYN)-positive, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)-negative, and neurofilament protein (NFP)-negative, while the intracranial tumor was SYN-positive, GFAP-positive, and NFP-negative.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias Encefálicas/veterinaria , Colobus , Enfermedades de los Monos , Tumores Neuroectodérmicos/veterinaria , Animales , Animales de Zoológico , Biomarcadores/análisis , Neoplasias Encefálicas/patología , Neoplasias Encefálicas/fisiopatología , Proteína Ácida Fibrilar de la Glía/análisis , Masculino , Tumores Neuroectodérmicos/patología , Tumores Neuroectodérmicos/fisiopatología , Proteínas de Neurofilamentos/análisis , Sinaptofisina/análisisRESUMEN
A 21-year-old multiparous female exhibiting 31-41 day menstrual cycles was given hFSH (225 IU/day, Metrodin 75, from cycle day 3 through 9 (menses = day 1) and hCG (10,000 IU, Profasi, on day 10 to stimulate follicular development. At 35 h after hCG, under isoflurane (AErrane) anesthesia, follicles were aspirated by controlled suction under transvaginal ultrasound guidance. Metaphase II oocytes (n = 11) were placed in modified human tubal fluid (mHTF, 100 microliters) medium under oil at 37 degrees C in humidified 5% CO2. Frozen semen, collected by voluntary ejaculation, was thawed (70 degrees C H2O bath, 6 sec), diluted slowly, centrifuged, and resuspended in mHTF, and 160,000 motile spermatozoa/ml were added at 6 h after oocyte recovery. At 21 h postinsemination (p.i.) eight oocytes were at the two-cell stage, five were cryopreserved, and three were cultured to the six- to eight-cell stage in mHTF with granulosa cells before transcervical uterine transfer at 47 h p.i. using a Teflon catheter. Micronized progesterone (400 mg/d) was orally administered for 10 weeks posttransfer (p.t.). Ultrasound examination revealed a single fetus at 15 weeks p.t., and unassisted delivery of a live 1.37 kg female infant occurred at 29 weeks. Am. J. Primatol. 41:247-260, 1997.