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Objective To investigate the current status of physical activity and depressive symptoms among middle-aged and older adults in Chengdu,Sichuan and explore the relationship between physical activity and depressive symptoms. Methods Multi-stage proportional stratified random sampling was employed to select middle-aged and older adults aged ≥45 years as the participants,and face-to-face interviews were carried out to collect data.Logistic regression was adopted to explore the relationship between physical activity and depressive symptoms in middle-aged and older adults.The trend test was performed for the relationship between different levels of physical activity and depressive symptoms.The subgroup analysis and the test for multiplicative interactions were conducted for the relationship between physical activity and depressive symptoms. Results A total of 4376 middle-aged and older adults were included.Among them,14.58% (638/4376),25.98% (1137/4376),and 27.83% (1218/4376) had depressive symptoms,failed to reach the guideline-recommended standards of physical activity,and were at low levels of physical activity,respectively.There was a negative association between reaching guideline-recommended physical activity standard and depressive symptoms in middle-aged and older adults (OR=0.713,95%CI=0.589-0.861,P<0.001).In addition,moderate levels (OR=0.714,95%CI=0.586-0.871,P=0.001) and high levels of physical activity (OR=0.705,95%CI=0.548-0.906,P=0.006) had negative associations with the presence of depressive symptoms.The trend test revealed that the negative association between physical activity and depressive symptoms in middle-aged and older adults enhanced as the level of physical activity increased (Pfor trend=0.001).The subgroup analysis and the test for multiplicative interactions revealed that neither reaching guideline-recommended physical activity standards or not nor the physical activity level had an interaction with each of the subgroups (all Pfor interaction>0.05). Conclusion The current status of depressive symptoms among middle-aged and older adults in Chengdu,Sichuan needs to be ameliorated.A negative association existed between reaching the guideline-recommended physical activity standard and presence of depressive symptoms,and the negative association enhanced as the physical activity level elevated.
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Depresión , Humanos , Depresión/epidemiología , Depresión/psicología , Anciano , China/epidemiología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Masculino , Femenino , Ejercicio Físico , Actividad Motora , Anciano de 80 o más AñosRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Ischemic stroke belongs to "apoplexy" and its pathogenesis is characterized by qi deficiency and blood stasis combining with phlegm-damp clouding orifices. Buqi-Huoxue-Tongnao decoction (BHTD) is a traditional Chinese medicine formula for qi deficiency, blood stasis and phlegm obstruction syndrome. However, its efficacy and potential mechanism on ischemic stroke are still unclear. This study aims to investigate the protective effect and potential mechanism of BHTD against ischemic stroke. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) surgery was carried out to establish an ischemic stroke model in rats. Subsequently, the rats were gavaged with different doses of BHTD (2.59, 5.175, 10.35 g/kg) for 14 days. The protective effects of BHTD on the brain and gut were evaluated by neurological function scores, cerebral infarction area, levels of brain injury markers (S-100B, NGB), indicators of gut permeability (FD-4) and bacterial translocation (DAO, LPS, D-lactate), and tight junction proteins (Occludin, Claudin-1, ZO-1) in brain and colon. 16S rRNA gene sequencing and metabolomic analysis were utilized to analyze the effects on gut microecology and screen for marker metabolites to explore potential mechanisms of BHTD protection against ischemic stroke. RESULTS: BHTD could effectively mitigate brain impairment, including reducing neurological damage, decreasing cerebral infarction and repairing the blood-brain barrier, and BHTD showed the best effect at the dose of 10.35 g/kg. Moreover, BHTD reversed gut injury induced by ischemic stroke, as evidenced by decreased intestinal permeability, reduced intestinal bacterial translocation, and enhanced intestinal barrier integrity. In addition, BHTD rescued gut microbiota dysbiosis by increasing the abundance of beneficial bacteria, including Turicibacter and Faecalibaculum. Transplantation of the gut microbiota remodeled by BHTD into ischemic stroke rats recapitulated the protective effects of BHTD. Especially, BHTD upregulated tryptophan metabolism, which promoted gut microbiota to produce more indole lactic acid (ILA). Notably, supplementation with ILA by gavage could alleviate stroke injury, which suggested that driving the production of ILA in the gut might be a novel treatment for ischemic stroke. CONCLUSION: BHTD could increase gut microbiota-derived indole lactic acid to attenuate ischemic stroke via the gut-brain axis. Our current finding provides evidence that traditional Chinese medicine can ameliorate central diseases through regulating the gut microbiology.
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PURPOSE: Intradural capillary hemangioma is a rare condition with unclear etiology. Although intradural capillary hemangiomas are benign, they exhibit significant proliferative activity, and their clinical significance should not be underestimated. METHODS: We report a series of spinal intradural capillary hemangiomas to illustrate the characteristics, surgical management, and outcomes. METHODS: A total of 18 consecutive patients who underwent microsurgical treatment were retrospectively reviewed. Patient characteristics were recorded in each case, including presenting symptoms, imaging findings, neurologic status, a surgical procedure performed and follow-up. RESULTS: There were 11(61.1â¯%) male and 7(38.9â¯%) female patients, with the ages ranging from 25 to 62 years. The thoracic spine was the most commonly affected site, accounting for 77.8â¯% (14/18) of the cases. 9 tumors were identified as intradural extramedullary, 3 tumors as intramedullary, and 2 tumors as both extramedullary and intramedullary. There were also 4 cases of tumors localized to the cauda equina. Clinical presentations included back pain, sensory deficits, weakness and gait ataxia with a duration of symptoms ranging from 1 to 12 months. The lesion was hypointense or isointense with the spinal cord on T1- weighted images and hyperintense on T2-weighted images and showed intense enhancement after contrast medium injection. All patients underwent surgical treatment, and no significant postoperative complications were observed. Postoperatively, patients were followed up for an average of 44 months. Follow-up showed that the majority of patients experienced significant improvement in neurological function, with no cases of recurrence. CONCLUSION: Surgical resection is typically the preferred method for treating spinal intradural capillary hemangiomas. Complete resection can relieve spinal cord compression and minimize the risk of recurrence.
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Some glycoside drugs can be transported through intestinal glucose transporters (IGTs). The surfactants used in oral drug preparations can affect the function of transporter proteins. This study aimed to investigate the effect of commonly used surfactants, Poloxamer 188 and Tween 80, on the drug transport capacity of IGTs. Previous studies have shown that gastrodin is the optimal drug substrate for IGTs. Gastrodin was used as a probe drug to evaluate the effect of these two surfactants on intestinal absorption in SD rats through pharmacokinetic and in situ single-pass intestinal perfusion. Then, the effects of the two surfactants on the expression of glucose transporters and tight-junction proteins were examined using RT-PCR and western blotting. Additionally, the effect of surfactants on intestinal permeability was evaluated through hematoxylin-eosin staining. The results found that all experimental for Poloxamer 188 (0.5%, 2.0% and 8.0%) and Tween 80 (0.1% and 2.0%) were not significantly different from those of the blank group. However, the AUC(0-∞) of gastrodin increased by approximately 32% when 0.5% Tween 80 was used. The changes in IGT expression correlated with the intestinal absorption of gastrodin. A significant increase in the expression of IGTs was observed at 0.5% Tween 80. In conclusion, Poloxamer 188 had minimal effect on the drug transport capacity of IGTs within the recommended limits of use. However, the expression of IGTs increased in response to 0.5% Tween 80, which significantly enhanced the drug transport capacity of IGTs. However, 0.1% and 2.0% Tween 80 had no significant effect.
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Absorción Intestinal , Mucosa Intestinal , Poloxámero , Polisorbatos , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Tensoactivos , Animales , Poloxámero/farmacología , Polisorbatos/farmacología , Ratas , Absorción Intestinal/efectos de los fármacos , Masculino , Tensoactivos/farmacología , Transporte Biológico/efectos de los fármacos , Mucosa Intestinal/metabolismo , Mucosa Intestinal/efectos de los fármacos , Proteínas Facilitadoras del Transporte de la Glucosa/metabolismo , Glucósidos/farmacologíaRESUMEN
In this study, cationic starch-carrageenansodium alginate (CAS/CR/SA) hydrogels with different weight ratios of carrageenan and sodium alginate were prepared and their properties such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), rheological properties, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and methylene blue adsorption test were measured. The results showed that the viscosity and the shear strain resistance of the CAS/CR/SA hybrid hydrogels positively correlated with their sodium alginate contents. The hybrid hydrogels with high carrageenan contents exhibited a high energy storage modulus (G') and a high loss modulus (G"). The swelling and methylene blue adsorption experiments showed that the CAS/CR/SA hydrogels had pH and temperature sensitivity. The hydrogels reached adsorption equilibrium in 12 h (alkaline conditions) and 24-36 h (acidic conditions). The adsorption kinetics of the hybrid hydrogels showed that their adsorption process was mainly controlled by chemisorption and that adsorption was exothermic (ΔH° < 0).
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Alginatos , Carragenina , Hidrogeles , Almidón , Temperatura , Carragenina/química , Hidrogeles/química , Alginatos/química , Almidón/química , Concentración de Iones de Hidrógeno , Adsorción , Cinética , Viscosidad , Reología , Cationes/químicaRESUMEN
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: To evaluate glymphatic function changes and their relationships with clinical features in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), thereby facilitating early intervention before this disease progresses to cirrhosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional cohort of 46 pre-cirrhotic MAFLD patients and 30 age-, sex-, and education-matched controls was enrolled, with diffusion-tensor imaging (DTI) data, laboratory and neurocognitive scores collected. The DTI analysis along the perivascular space (DTI-ALPS) index was computed for qualifying glymphatic function. Generalized linear model and partial correlation analyses were applied to evaluate relationships between the ALPS index and clinical variables. RESULTS: MAFLD group exhibited a decreased ALPS index and increased diffusivity along the y-axis in the projection fiber compared to the controls. The altered ALPS index was associated with clock drawing test (CDT) score (3.931 [0.914, 6.947], P = 0.011) and was correlated with diastolic pressure level (r = -0.315, P = 0.033) in MAFLD group. The relationships of ALPS index with CDT score (6.263 [2.069, 10.458], P = 0.003) and diastolic pressure level (r = -0.518, P = 0.014) remained in the MAFLD with metabolic syndrome (MetS) group. Furthermore, the ALPS index was even associated with Auditory Verbal Learning Test-Immediate recall score (-23.853 [-45.417, -2.289], P = 0.030) in MAFLD with MetS group. CONCLUSION: MAFLD patients may have a glymphatic dysfunction prior to cirrhosis, and this alteration may be related to cognition and diastolic pressure. Glymphatic dysfunction has a more severe impact on cognition when MAFLD patient is accompanied by MetS.
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BACKGROUND: Parthenolide (PTL), a sesquiterpene lactone derived from the medicinal herb Chrysanthemum parthenium, exhibits various biological effects by targeting NF-kB, STAT3, and other pathways. It has emerged as a promising adjunct therapy for multiple malignancies. AIM: To evaluate the in vitro and in vivo effect of PTL on cyclophosphamide (CTX) metronomic chemotherapy. METHODS: The cytotoxicity of PTL and CTX on Lewis lung cancer cells (LLC cells) was assessed by measuring cell activity and apoptosis. The anti-tumor efficiency was evaluated using a tumor xenograft mice model, and the survival of mice and tumor volume were monitored. Additionally, the collected tumor tissues were analyzed for tumor microenvironment indicators and inflammatory factors. RESULTS: In vitro, PTL demonstrated a synergistic effect with CTX in inhibiting the growth of LLC cells and promoting apoptosis. In vivo, metronomic chemotherapy combined with PTL and CTX improved the survival rate of tumor-bearing mice and reduced tumor growth rate. Furthermore, metronomic chemotherapy combined with PTL and CTX reduced NF-κB activation and improved the tumor immune microenvironment by decreasing tumor angiogenesis, reducing Transforming growth factor ß, and α-SMA positive cells. CONCLUSION: PTL is an efficient compound that enhances the metronomic chemotherapy effects of CTX both in vitro and in vivo, suggesting its potential as a supplementary therapeutic strategy in metronomic chemotherapy to improve the chemotherapy effects.
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PURPOSE: Early evaluation of tumor heterogeneity related to metastasis and outcomes is a major challenge in the management of advanced breast cancer (BCa) in the clinic. In this study, we introduced the value of baseline circulating tumor cells (CTC) and ctDNA for early differentiation of clinical stages, tumor heterogeneity, and prognosis in clinic. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: A total of 292 patients with BCa were enrolled in this study, including 254 Stage IV and 38 Stage III patients, and examined the baseline levels of CTCs, CTC-clusters, and plasma ctDNA before initiating therapies. Outcomes including progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival were evaluated using proportional hazards regression analysis. RESULTS: The baseline CTCs, including HER2+ CTCs, in Stage IV patients were approximately 9.5 times higher than those detected in Stage III patients. Baseline CTC counts with a cutoff of 5 were significantly associated with the prognosis. Within each stage, patients with <5 CTCs had significantly longer PFS. Stage III patients with no CTCs exhibited the longest survival compared with patients with ≥1 CTC. CTC-clusters were only found in Stage IV patients, among whom 15 Stage IV patients with ≥5 CTC-clusters had the worst PFS compared with the 239 Stage IV patients with <5 CTC-clusters. Similar outcomes were observed in 28 out of 254 Stage IV patients who had at least one CTC-cluster detected, as these patients had shorter PFS compared with CTC-cluster negative group. The major differences in ctDNA mutations between patients with Stage III and Stage IV BCa were in PIK3CA and ESR1, which were associated with specific organ metastasis and worse outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: Assessing the baseline levels of CTCs, CTC-clusters, and mutational ctDNA profile could reliably aid in differentiation of clinical stage and early prediction of metastasis and outcomes in advanced BCa.
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Biomarcadores de Tumor , Neoplasias de la Mama , ADN Tumoral Circulante , Estadificación de Neoplasias , Células Neoplásicas Circulantes , Humanos , Células Neoplásicas Circulantes/patología , Células Neoplásicas Circulantes/metabolismo , Femenino , Neoplasias de la Mama/patología , Neoplasias de la Mama/genética , Neoplasias de la Mama/sangre , Neoplasias de la Mama/mortalidad , ADN Tumoral Circulante/sangre , ADN Tumoral Circulante/genética , Pronóstico , Persona de Mediana Edad , Biomarcadores de Tumor/genética , Biomarcadores de Tumor/sangre , Anciano , Adulto , Medición de Riesgo/métodos , Mutación , Receptor ErbB-2/metabolismo , Receptor ErbB-2/genética , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Fosfatidilinositol 3-Quinasa Clase I/genéticaRESUMEN
In recent decades, rapid advances in astronomical imaging campaigns have generated an urgent need for detailed spectroscopic surveys with increased speed and efficiency. The 6.5 m MUltiplexed Survey Telescope (MUST) aims to address these current demands. The performance of the multi-object fiber-fed spectrograph (MOFS) plays a critical role for spectroscopic survey telescopes, directly influencing the realization of scientific aims. In this paper, we demonstrate a high-resolution and highly-multiplexed option for MOFS of MUST. The system is believed to be first to apply a 92 mm × 92 mm large-size detector in a Schmidt-like camera and reduces the average central obscuration to 14%. Thanks to the F/1.25 camera design with excellent image quality, the spectrograph achieves up to 800 150µm-large-core optical fibers integration. It can obtain the broadband spectral information (395 nm-435â nm, 520 nm-570â nm, 610 nm-680â nm) of 800 objects with a high resolution of >16,000 within one exposure. The spectrograph theory, design method, and final system scheme of the MOFS can offer good reference and guidance for the spectrograph design in the spectroscopic survey.
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The aggravation of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the environment has posed a significant global health crisis. Accurate evaluation of ARGs levels in a facile manner is a pressing issue for environmental surveillance. Here, we demonstrate a unique dumbbell-shaped cascade nanozyme for visual/photoelectrochemical (PEC) dual-mode detection of ARGs. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with tunable exposed facets are controllably anchored onto ZIF-8 dodecahedrons, exhibiting glucose oxidase (GOx)-like (ZIF-8@Au/G) and peroxidase (POD)-like (ZIF-8@Au/P) activities. Upon the occurrence of ARGs, an asymmetric cascade-amplified "dumbbell" configuration is spontaneously generated via target-induced DNA hybridization, comprising GOx-like ZIF-8@Au/G with capture DNA on one side and POD-like ZIF-8@Au/P with signal DNA on the opposite side. Such a cascade nano-system can efficiently oxidize colorless 2, 2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) into its green oxidation state and synergistically decompose H2O2, realizing colorimetric/PEC dual-mode ARGs detection with a detection limit of 0.112 nM. The applicability of the present bioassay is validated through measuring ARGs in real sludge samples. This work suggests the possibility to rationally design task-specific nanozymes and develop target-responsive nano-cascade assays for environmental monitoring.
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Técnicas Biosensibles , Colorimetría , Técnicas Electroquímicas , Oro , Nanopartículas del Metal , Oro/química , Técnicas Biosensibles/métodos , Nanopartículas del Metal/química , Técnicas Electroquímicas/métodos , Farmacorresistencia Microbiana/genética , Peróxido de Hidrógeno/química , Glucosa Oxidasa/química , Límite de Detección , Peroxidasa/química , Estructuras Metalorgánicas/química , Zeolitas/químicaRESUMEN
The development of modern large-scale spectroscopic survey telescopes responds to the urgent demand for spectral information in astronomical research. Tsinghua University has previously proposed a 6.5 m MUltiplexed Survey Telescope consisting of a Ritchey-Chretien configuration and a 1.8 m multi-element wide-field corrector, achieving excellent performance and world-leading survey efficiency. However, an optimized 1.65 m multi-element corrector with five lenses is proposed to overcome the constraints on glass uniformity and verification in fabrication of the previous corrector design. It maintains outstanding image quality, with the 80% enclosed energy diameter not more than 0.559 arcsec within 3° FoV over up to a 55° zenith angle. The optimized optical system does not revise the working mode of the ADC or the curvature of the primary mirror while ensuring the reasonability and accuracy of manufacturing of large corrector elements. It provides a more feasible reference optical design for the MUltiplexed Survey Telescope in subsequent iterations and communications with manufacturers.
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Understanding the influences of climate change and human activities on vegetation change is the foundation for effective ecosystem management. Based on the 250 m MODIS-NDVI data from 2002 to 2020, we employed Theil-Sen Median trend analysis and the Mann-Kendall test to quantify vegetation change in Hunan Province. By combining with meteorological, nighttime light index, land cover and other data, residual analysis and correlation analysis, we examined the impacts of human activities and climate change on vegetation dynamics at both the pixel level and the county level. The results showed that the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) in Hunan Province exhibited a spatial pattern of "overall improvement with localized degradation" during 2002-2020. Approximately 64.9% of the study area experienced significant vegetation improvement, mainly occurring in the western and central-southern parts of Hunan Province. 1.4% of the study area experienced significant vegetation degradation, mostly in the newly developed urban areas and the farmland in the Dongting Lake Plain. Human activities and climate change jointly promoted vegetation improvement in 67.9% of the study area. Human activities and climate contributed to 96% and 4% of the NDVI change, respectively. At the county level, human activities contributed to over 80% of the NDVI change in each district or county. The impacts of human activities on vegetation change exhibited significant spatial heterogeneity. Urban expansion led to vegetation degradation in the newly developed areas, while vegetation growth appeared in the old developed urban areas. The ecological restoration projects promoted vegetation restoration in the western part of Hunan Province. This study could help us better understand the spatiotemporal variations of vegetation and their responses to climate change and human activities, which would offer scientific basis for effective ecological restoration policy.
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Cambio Climático , Ecosistema , Monitoreo del Ambiente , China , Monitoreo del Ambiente/métodos , Conservación de los Recursos Naturales , Imágenes Satelitales , Actividades Humanas , Desarrollo de la Planta , Árboles/crecimiento & desarrolloRESUMEN
This study involved the preparation of nanoparticles by combining oxidized starch (OS) with xanthan gum (XG), and emulsions were prepared from this nanoparticle. The physical and chemical characteristics, as well as the emulsification properties of oxidized starch-xanthan gum composite nanoparticles (OGNP), were analyzed. The findings revealed that the OGNP retained spherical shape after the addition of XG, although their diameter increased from approximately 50-150 to 200-400 nm. Zeta potential decreased with XG content. Moreover, emulsions prepared from OGNP exhibited outstanding thermal stability, also showing enhanced storage stability. In addition, emulsions had different rheological properties at different pH values. The apparent viscosity and shear stress of emulsions under alkaline conditions were lower than that of neutral conditions. NaCl increased the apparent viscosity of OGNP-stabilized emulsions while reducing their thermal stability. The nanoparticles prepared in this study have efficient emulsification properties and can extend the application of OS.
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Emulsiones , Nanopartículas , Oxidación-Reducción , Polisacáridos Bacterianos , Almidón , Almidón/química , Polisacáridos Bacterianos/química , Nanopartículas/química , Emulsiones/química , Viscosidad , Reología , Tamaño de la Partícula , Emulsionantes/químicaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Some glucoside drugs can be transported via intestinal glucose transporters (IGTs), and the presence of carbohydrate excipients in pharmaceutical formulations may influence the absorption of them. This study, using gastrodin as probe drug, aimed to explore the effects of fructose, lactose, and arabic gum on intestinal drug absorption mediated by the glucose transport pathway. METHODS: The influence of fructose, lactose, and arabic gum on gastrodin absorption was assessed via pharmacokinetic experiments and single-pass intestinal perfusion. The expression of sodium-dependent glucose transporter 1 (SGLT1) and sodium-independent glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2) was quantified via RTâqPCR and western blotting. Alterations in rat intestinal permeability were evaluated through H&E staining, RTâqPCR, and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: Fructose reduced the area under the curve (AUC) and peak concentration (Cmax) of gastrodin by 42.7% and 63.71%, respectively (P < 0.05), and decreased the effective permeability coefficient (Peff) in the duodenum and jejunum by 58.1% and 49.2%, respectively (P < 0.05). SGLT1 and GLUT2 expression and intestinal permeability remained unchanged. Lactose enhanced the AUC and Cmax of gastrodin by 31.5% and 65.8%, respectively (P < 0.05), and increased the Peff in the duodenum and jejunum by 33.7% and 26.1%, respectively (P < 0.05). SGLT1 and GLUT2 levels did not significantly differ, intestinal permeability increased. Arabic gum had no notable effect on pharmacokinetic parameters, SGLT1 or GLUT2 expression, or intestinal permeability. CONCLUSION: Fructose, lactose, and arabic gum differentially affect intestinal drug absorption through the glucose transport pathway. Fructose competitively inhibited drug absorption, while lactose may enhance absorption by increasing intestinal permeability. Arabic gum had no significant influence.
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Alcoholes Bencílicos , Excipientes , Fructosa , Transportador de Glucosa de Tipo 2 , Glucosa , Glucósidos , Goma Arábiga , Absorción Intestinal , Lactosa , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Transportador 1 de Sodio-Glucosa , Animales , Absorción Intestinal/efectos de los fármacos , Glucósidos/farmacología , Glucósidos/administración & dosificación , Glucósidos/farmacocinética , Transportador 1 de Sodio-Glucosa/metabolismo , Transportador 1 de Sodio-Glucosa/genética , Masculino , Transportador de Glucosa de Tipo 2/metabolismo , Transportador de Glucosa de Tipo 2/genética , Ratas , Excipientes/química , Excipientes/farmacología , Glucosa/metabolismo , Lactosa/química , Alcoholes Bencílicos/farmacología , Alcoholes Bencílicos/farmacocinética , Mucosa Intestinal/metabolismo , Mucosa Intestinal/efectos de los fármacos , Transporte Biológico/efectos de los fármacos , Permeabilidad/efectos de los fármacosRESUMEN
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: To develop an efficient machine-learning model using pituitary MRI radiomics and clinical data to differentiate growth hormone deficiency (GHD) from idiopathic short stature (ISS), making the diagnostic process more acceptable to patients and their families. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective cohort of 297 GHD and 300 ISS children (4-12 years) were enrolled as training and validation cohorts (8:2 ratio). An external cohort from another institution (49 GHD and 51 ISS) was employed as the testing cohort. Radiomics features extracted from the anterior pituitary gland on sagittal T1-weighted image (1.5 T or 3.0 T) were used to develop a radiomics model after feature selection. Hematological biomarkers were selected to create a clinical model and combine with the optimal radiomics features to create a clinical-radiomics model. The area under the receive operating characteristic curve (AUC) and Delong test compared the diagnostic performance of the previously mentioned three models across different validation and testing cohorts. RESULTS: 17 radiomics features were selected for the radiomics model, and total protein, total cholesterol, free triiodothyronine, and triglyceride were utilized for the clinical model. In the training and validation cohorts, the diagnostic performance of the clinical-radiomics model (AUC=0.820 and 0.801) was comparable to the radiomics model (AUC=0.812 and 0.779, both P >0.05), both outperforming the clinical model (AUC=0.575 and 0.593, P <0.001). In the testing cohort, the clinical-radiomics model exhibited the highest AUC of 0.762 than the clinical and radiomics model (AUC=0.604 and 0.741, respectively, P <0.05). In addition, the clinical and radiomics models demonstrated similar diagnostic performance in the testing cohort (P >0.05). CONCLUSION: Integrating radiomics features from conventional pituitary MRI with clinical indicators offers a minimally invasive approach for identifying GHD and shows robustness in a multicenter setting.
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BACKGROUND: Radical surgery combined with systemic chemotherapy offers the possibility of long-term survival or even cure for patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), although tumor recurrence, especially locally, still inhibits the treatment efficacy. The TRIANGLE technique was introduced as an extended dissection procedure to improve the R0 resection rate of borderline resectable or locally advanced PDAC. However, there was a lack of studies concerning postoperative complications and long-term outcomes of this procedure on patients with resectable PDAC. AIM: To compare the prognosis and postoperative morbidities between standard pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) and the TRIANGLE technique for resectable PDAC. METHODS: Patients with resectable PDAC eligible for PD from our hospital between June 2018 and December 2021 were enrolled in this retrospective cohort study. All the patients were divided into PDstandard and PDTRIANGLE groups according to the surgical procedure. Baseline characteristics, surgical data, and postoperative morbidities were recorded. All of the patients were followed up, and the date and location of tumor recurrence, and death were recorded. The Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test were used for the survival analysis. RESULTS: There were 93 patients included in the study and 37 underwent the TRIANGLE technique. Duration of operation was longer in the PDTRIANGLE group compared with the PDstandard group [440 (410-480) min vs 320 (265-427) min] (P = 0.001). Intraoperative blood loss [700 (500-1200) mL vs 500 (300-800) mL] (P = 0.009) and blood transfusion [975 (0-1250) mL vs 400 (0-800) mL] (P = 0.009) were higher in the PDTRIANGLE group. There was a higher incidence of surgical site infection (43.2% vs 12.5%) (P = 0.001) and postoperative diarrhea (54.1% vs 12.5%) (P = 0.001) in the PDTRIANGLE group. The rates of R0 resection and local recurrence, overall survival, and disease-free survival did not differ significantly between the two groups. CONCLUSION: The TRIANGLE technique is safe, with acceptable postoperative morbidities compared with standardized PD, but it does not improve prognosis for patients with resectable PDAC.
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OBJECTIVES: The present study aimed to systematically review the studies comparing the accuracy of intraoral scan (IOS) and conventional implant impressions (CI) in completely edentulous patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Electronic searches were performed in PubMed, Embase and Cochrane CENTRAL up to December 1, 2023. Clinical studies and in vitro studies reporting the accuracy of digital full arch impressions were included. The primary outcome is the 3-dimensional deviations between the study reference models. A risk of bias assessment was performed for clinical studies. A stratified meta-analysis and a single-armed meta-analysis were conducted. RESULTS: A total of 49 studies were included, with 8 clinical studies and 41 in vitro studies. For comparison between IOS and conventional impressions, studies were categorized into two groups based on the different measurement methods employed: RMS and CMM. In studies using RMS, the result favored the IOS in the unparalleled situation with the mean difference of -99.29 µm (95% CI: [-141.38, -57.19], I2 = 81%), while the result was opposite with the mean difference of 13.62 µm (95% CI: [10.97, 16.28], I2 = 26%) when implants were paralleled. For different brands of IOS, the accuracy ranged from 76.11 µm (95% CI: [42.36, 109.86]) to 158.63 µm (95% CI: [-14.68, 331.93]). CONCLUSIONS: Accuracy of intraoral scan is clinically acceptable in edentulous arches, especially for unparalleled implants. More clinical studies are needed to verify the present finding.
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As emerging contaminants in the environment, antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) have aroused a global health crisis and posed a serious threat to ecological safety and human health. Thus, efficient and accurate onsite detection of ARGs is crucial for environmental surveillance. Here, we presented a colorimetric-photoelectrochemical (PEC) dual-mode bioassay for simultaneous detection of multiple ARGs by smartly incorporating rolling circle amplification (RCA) into a stimuli-responsive DNA nanoassembly, using the tetracycline resistance genes tetA and tetC as models. The tailored DNA nanoassembly containing RCA amplicons hybridized with specific signal probes: CuO nanoflowers-anchored signal DNA1 and HgO nanoparticles-anchored signal DNA2, respectively. Upon exposure to an acidic stimulus, numerous Cu2+ and Hg2+ were released, serving as the reporting agent of colorimetric/PEC dual-mode assay. The released Cu2+ and Hg2+ induced localized surface plasmon resonance shifts in Au nanorods and triangular Ag nanoplates through an etching process, respectively, enabling visual analysis of ARGs with distinguishing color changes. Meanwhile, numerous Cu2+ and Hg2+ triggered the amplified PEC variations via reacting with the photoactive layers of CuS/CdS and ZnS, respectively. Thus, a rapid and ultrasensitive colorimetric/PEC dual-mode detection of multiple ARGs was achieved with the detection limit down to 17.2 aM. Furthermore, such dual-mode bioassay could discriminate single-base mismatch and successfully determine ARGs in E. coli plasmids and sludge samples, holding great promise for point-of-care genetic diagnostics.
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Objectives: To study the characteristics of intestinal microbiota at different stages of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Methods: Fecal samples of 19 active tuberculosis (ATB) patients, 21 latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) individuals, and 20 healthy controls (HC) were collected. Gut microbiota of all the participants were analyzed by 16S rDNA sequencing. Clinical information of ATB patients was also collected and analyzed. Results: Both ATB and LTBI groups showed significant decreases in microbial diversity and decline of Clostridia. For ATB patients, bacteria within phylum Proteobacteria increased. While for LTBI individuals, genera Prevotella and Rosburia enriched. The abundance of Faecalibacterium, Clostridia and Gammaproteobacteria has the potential to diagnose ATB, with the area under the curve (AUC) of 0.808, 0.784 and 0.717. And Prevotella and Rosburia has the potential to diagnose LTBI, with the AUC of 0.689 and 0.689. Notably, in ATB patients, the relative abundance of Blautia was negatively correlated with the proportions of peripheral T cells and CD8+T cells. And serum direct bilirubin was positively correlated with Bacteroidales, while negatively correlated with Clostridiales in ATB patients. Conclusions: The specifically changed bacteria are promising markers for ATB and LTBI diagnosis. Some gut bacteria contribute to anti-MTB immunity through interactions with T cells and bilirubin.
RESUMEN
Thermal seeing is one of the factors that affect solar telescope observations. A comprehensive analysis method is developed to quantify the thermal seeing effects. A three-dimensional Large Eddy Simulation (LES) turbulence model is used to obtain the transient flow fields around the primary mirror, the secondary mirror and the heat-stop. The thermal seeing is calculated based on the stochastic dynamic influence of turbulence on the light rays. The key parameters of the simulation were calibrated by experiments, and the simulation results were validated by empirical formulas. This method has been applied to evaluate the thermal seeing of the 2m Ring Solar Telescope (2m-RST). Error allocation is performed based on the research results to ensure the Observation effect of 2m-RST.