RESUMEN
Background and Objectives: Nutrition, in addition to its physiological function, plays an important role in the recovery of individuals with malaria, a disease that still represents a serious public health problem in the world. The objective of this study was to assess nutritional determinants in the frequency of food intake and the occurrence of anemia in children and adolescents with P. vivax malaria. Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was carried out between 2014 and 2015 in the Marajo Island. The hemoglobin level was measured by the colorimetric enzymatic reaction and a questionnaire of food intake frequency was used to assess the consumption of different types of food. Results: A total of 67 patients met the inclusion criteria, from which 62.7% were children and 37.3% were adolescents. There was a high consumption of ultra-processed foods in both age groups. Anemia occurred in 52.2% of patients, and in most of them it was moderate. There was no significant association between anemia and sex, age group or parasitemia at admission. However a significant association was found between anemia and the ingestion of ultra-processed foods. Conclusion: The ingestion of ultra-processed foods contributes to anemia in children and adolescent with malaria by P. vivax.(AU)
Justificativa e Objetivos: A nutrição, além de sua função fisiológica, desempenha um papel importante na recuperação de indivíduos com malária, uma doença que ainda representa um grave problema de saúde pública no mundo. O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar os determinantes nutricionais na frequência da ingestão alimentar e a ocorrência de anemia em crianças e adolescentes com malária por P. vivax. Métodos: Estudo transversal analítico, realizado entre 2014 e 2015 na ilha do Marajó. O nível de hemoglobina foi medido pela reação enzimática colorimétrica e um questionário de frequência de ingestão alimentar foi utilizado para avaliar o consumo de alimentos. Resultados: Um total de 67 pacientes atendeu aos critérios de inclusão do estudo, dos quais 62,7% eram crianças e 37,3% adolescentes. Houve alto consumo de alimentos ultraprocessados em ambas as faixas etárias. A anemia foi detectada em 52,2% dos pacientes e, na maioria deles, foi moderada. Não houve associação significativa entre anemia e sexo, faixa etária ou parasitemia na admissão. No entanto, encontramos uma associação significativa entre presença de anemia e ingestão de alimentos ultraprocessados. Conclusão: A ingestão de alimentos ultraprocessados contribui para a anemia em crianças e adolescentes com malária por P. vivax.(AU)
Justificación y objetivos: La nutrición, además de su función fisiológica, juega un papel importante en la recuperación de las personas con malaria, una enfermedad que todavía representa un importante problema de salud pública en el mundo. El objetivo de este estudio es evaluar los determinantes nutricionales en la frecuencia del consumo de alimentos y la ocurrencia de anemia en niños y adolescentes con malaria por P. vivax. Métodos: se realizó un estudio analítico transversal entre 2014 y 2015, en la Isla de Marajó. El nivel de hemoglobina fue evaluado por ensayos enzimáticos colorimétricos y se utilizó un cuestionario de frecuencia de consumo de alimentos para evaluar el consumo. Resultados: Un total de 67 pacientes cumplió los criterios de inclusión en el estudio, de los cuales el 62,7% eran niños y el 37,3% adolescentes. Se registró un alto consumo de alimentos ultraprocesados en niños y adolescentes. La anemia se detectó en el 52,2% de los pacientes, de carácter moderada principalmente. No se encontró una asociación significativa entre anemia y sexo, grupo de edad o parasitemia al ingreso. Sin embargo, se encontró una asociación significativa entre la anemia y la ingestión de alimentos ultraprocesados. Conclusión: La ingesta de alimentos ultraprocesados se asocia con la presencia de anemia en niños y adolescentes con malaria por P. vivax.(AU)
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Preescolar , Niño , Adolescente , Plasmodium vivax , Nutrición del Niño , Anemia , Malaria , Estado Nutricional , Ingestión de Alimentos , Nutrición del AdolescenteRESUMEN
Background. Changes in lipid profile are commonly reported in adult patients with malaria. However, a few studies evaluated lipid abnormalities in children continuously exposed to P. vivax. Objective. To evaluate lipid abnormalities in children with P. vivax infection and to assess if parasite count or the history of malaria correlates with lipid levels at admission. Methods. A total of 75 children were included in the study, from which 43 were slide confirmed infection by P. vivax. Serial blood samples were collected at admission and, on days 7 and 14, evaluated for the colorimetric measurements of triglycerides, very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL). Results. The levels of total cholesterol, LDL, and HDL were significantly lower in malaria cases. The levels of VLDL and triglycerides were significantly higher in children with malaria. Such changes were transient and were not associated with parasite counting as well as with the history of malaria of patients. Conclusion. There are significant lipid abnormalities in children with low level of P. vivax infection and mild signs and symptoms of the disease, which are not associated with parasitaemia and previous episodes of disease.