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Introduction: The expansion of higher education is a worldwide phenomenon. To our knowledge, there are no studies analyzing the trends in demands of enrollment in health-related studies in Spain. Therefore, the objective was to analyze the change in demand (the number of requests for enrollment divided by the number of offered places) for undergraduate health-related studies in Spain during the period 2015-2021 as well as compare the change by region in the pre (2015-2019) and pandemic (2020-2021) period. Methods: This is an observational (ecological type) study with temporal series analyses using data from public (non-for-profit) higher education institutions from the Integrated University Information System. For the analysis by region, we calculated the demand of all twelve undergraduate health-related degrees and the percentages of change between both periods using the Wilcoxon test. The Joinpoint Regression program was used to analyze the trends in demand for each degree during the 7-year period. Results: Significant (p < 0.001) increases in demand during the pandemic period were observed in all regions. During the pandemic, medicine, biomedicine, nursing, odontology and pharmacy presented a higher demand in comparison with data collected before the pandemic started. In contrast, this pattern was not confirmed in the following cases: physiotherapy, occupational therapy, podiatry, psychology, social work, human nutrition and dietetics. By regions, Navarra, Asturias, and La Rioja presented the most drastic changes. In regions with the biggest number of universities, such as Catalonia, Andalusia and Madrid, the change observed was smaller.

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The aim of this study was to determine whether the pandemic has reinforced the choice of pursuing health-related bachelor's degrees, and to identify underlying factors that could contribute to that impact. This is a cross-sectional study using an online survey of 2,344 students of nursing, physiotherapy, medicine, psychology and podiatry who started health-related bachelor's degrees after the COVID-19 outbreak in Spanish higher education institutions. The pandemic influenced the choice of these studies by increasing the desire to help others (33.2%), by increasing citizenship values (28.4%), and by increasing the desire to contribute to improving the situation of the country (27.5%). Women had a significantly greater influence on the increase in social values related to the practice of the profession produced by the pandemic, whereas men and the bachelor's degree in podiatry were more influenced by salary prospects. An increased desire to help others was significantly higher among women and nursing and medical students. Podiatry and psychology were the degrees were most influenced by the pandemic, as more students decided to pursue them, something they had previously doubted, while in nursing, psychology, and medicine the pandemic reinforced their interest in pursuing the degree the most. Students personally affected by COVID-19 reported being more influenced in reconsidering their professional path and in reinforcing their desire to pursue the health-related studies.

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Introducción: El cáncer se considera una enfermedad amenazante para la vida que implica la posibilidad de que el niño fallezca prematuramente. Existe poca información desde la visión del paciente pediátrico sobre su experiencia psicológica en momentos de amenaza vital. El presente trabajo pretende ampliar este conocimiento a través de la experiencia vivida en momentos de amenaza vital de un niño superviviente de cáncer. Paciente y métodos: Paciente de 9 años al que le diagnosticaron un osteosarcoma en el fémur. Se trata de un estudio de caso en el que se realizó un análisis fenomenológico interpretativo con los datos obtenidos a través de una entrevista semiestructurada. Resultados: Se evidencia que los principales sentimientos en el momento de amenaza vital fueron miedo, tristeza e impotencia. Uno de los factores desencadenantes fue pensar en la posibilidad de tener que separarse de sus padres. Esta experiencia tuvo impacto en su vida e influyó en su identidad. Para hacer frente a esta situación difícil utilizó estrategias de afrontamiento de aproximación, como la conexión emocional, y de evasión como la distracción, el humor y el olvido. Discusión: Las reacciones emocionales frente a la posibilidad de amenaza vital y el impacto que esta tuvo en la vida del menor se pueden interpretar dentro del modelo del Estrés Traumático Médico Pediátrico. Conocer la experiencia desde el punto de vista del paciente pediátrico y la forma de afrontarla puede ayudar a reforzar o adaptar las intervenciones de la práctica clínica. (AU)

Introduction: Cancer is considered a life-threatening disease as it implies the probability that the child will die prematurely. There is little information from the pediatric patient's perspective about their psychological experience in life-threatening situations. This study aims to expand knowledge in this area by presenting the experience of a child cancer survivor in lifethreatening situations. Patient and methods: a 9-year-old patient who was diagnosed with osteosarcoma in the femur. A case study design followed, in which the information was collected through a semi-structured interview, and an interpretative phenomenological analysis was carried out with the resulting data. Results: The main feelings experienced in life-threatening situations were fear, sadness and impotence. One of the trigger factors was to think about the possibility of being separated from his parents. This experience had an impact on his life and shaped his identity. To deal with this difficult situation, he used approach coping strategies, such as emotional connection, and avoidance strategies such as distraction, humor, and forgetting. Discussion: The emotional reactions to the experience and the impact that this had on the child's life can be interpreted within the Pediatric Medical Traumatic Stress model. Knowing the experience from the point of view of the pediatric patient, together with his or her way of coping with it, can help to reinforce or adapt the interventions in clinical practice. (AU)

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BACKGROUND: In other healthcare professions, there has been extensive research into students' motivation, but studies aiming to determine what leads individuals to choose a degree in physiotherapy are scarce. This research study had three main objectives: to obtain a sociodemographic profile of first-year physiotherapy students in Catalonia; to determine the factors that lead individuals to choose a degree in physiotherapy; and to determine potential differences, according to gender and country of origin. METHODS: This is an observational, cross-sectional, multicentre study. Data were collected by means of a self-administered, ad-hoc questionnaire, consisting of 15 Likert scale questions, options ranging from "not influencing at all -1-" to "extremely influencing -5-". Ten out of the twelve universities in Catalonia (Spain) that offer a degree in physiotherapy participated in this study. The sample consisted of 941 first-year physiotherapy students (55.2% men; mean age 20.1, SD: 3.4). RESULTS: The most determinant factors leading individuals to pursue a degree in physiotherapy were: helping others (95.6%); the relationship between physiotherapy and sports (79%); physiotherapy involving manual work (76.4%); and it being perceived as providing multiple job opportunities (75.9%). Male and French students were attracted due to its relation to sports (MD = 0.369, p < 0.001 and MD = 0.130, p < 0.027), perception of it being an easy degree (MD = 0.148, p < 0.001 and MD = 0.091, p < 0.037), admiration for a known physiotherapist (MD = 0.223, p = 0.006 and MD = 0.265, p = 0.001), employability (MD = 0.297, p < 0.001 and MD = 0.706, p < 0.001), good income (MD = 0.190, p = 0.002 and MD = 0.609, p < 0.001) and social recognition (MD = 0.164, p = 0.011 and MD = 0.286, p < 0.001). Helping others (MD = -0.149, p < 0.001) and interest in the sciences (MD = -0.164, p = 0.030) were more determinant for female students. Male students were more guided by recommendation (MD = 0.234, p = 0.001) and to complement previous studies (MD = 0.237, p = 0.016). French students tended to present more interest in the selection of physiotherapy as a wish since childhood (MD = 0.595, p < 0.001), due to its multiple job opportunities (MD = 0.427, p < 0.001) and because of manual work, and did not choose it to complement previous studies (MD = -1.122, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The desire to help and care for others, the relation to sports, and involving manual work are the predominant factors that lead students to pursue a degree in physiotherapy. Female students favour helping others and science, whereas male students favour its relation to sports, complementing studies, social factors (admiration, recommendation, friendship) and socioeconomic determinants such as employability, good income or social recognition. When compared to Spanish students, French students were more motivated by its connection to sports, social and socioeconomic factors and some vocational determinants such as being a wish since childhood and interest in a manual profession.

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OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this systematic review is to describe the elements of the psychological experience of pediatric oncology patients facing life-threatening situations and the corresponding care needs. METHODS: The study design is a systematic review following the PRISMA standard of qualitative, quantitative, and mixed-methods research. The review was conducted using multiple databases, including Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, and PsycINFO. The risk of bias of the articles was evaluated with the "Critical Appraisal Skills Programme." RESULTS: A total of 21 articles met inclusion criteria. The analysis of the evidence revealed that the psychological experience involves changes in relationships, thoughts about death, emotional changes, physical symptoms, spiritual changes, and feelings of uncertainty. SIGNIFICANCE OF RESULTS: The care needs identified are maintaining normality, controlling physical and psychological symptoms, and that maintaining hope is an important aspect for children. Whether or not the children want to talk about death is another important aspect that needs to be reflected upon, and it would be appropriate to consider, on an individual level, involving patients in the discussion on the diagnosis and treatment of the illness. Future research should be conducted from the children's perspective since most existing research is from the perspective of the family members or health professionals. Furthermore, it is recommended to take into account qualitative approaches that provide more detailed information on the patients' subjectivity.

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La investigación es imprescindible para la enfermería, porque contribuye al desarrollo del conjunto de conocimientos de la profesión y mejora, por tanto, la práctica asistencial del cuidado. Pero si miramos la historia de la investigación apreciaremos que ésta no siempre ha respetado los derechos fundamentales de las personas. Este artículo empieza con una breve introducción, en la que se destaca su rol fundamental para la profesión enfermera. A continuación se efectúa un recorrido histórico para acercarnos a los problemas éticos de la misma y, finalmente, se comentan los principales criterios éticos que se deberían seguir en la investigación enfermera(AU)

Investigation is indispensable for the nursing profession because it contributes to the development of the overall set of knowledge the profession has and thereby improves the practical, clinical care given to patients. However, if we look into the history of research and investigation, we realize that investigators have not always respected persons’ fundamental rights. This article starts with a short introduction which highlights the role played by investigation for the nursing profession. Then the author presents a historical overview on investigation in order to provide insights into the ethical problems related to investigation, and finally the author comments on the main ethical criteria which should be followed during investigation by nurses(AU)

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Investigation is indispensable for the nursing profession because it contributes to the development of the overall set of knowledge the profession has and thereby improves the practical, clinical care given to patients. However if we look into the history of research and investigation, we realize that investigators have not always respected persons' fundamental rights. This article starts with a short introduction which highlights the role played by investigation for the nursing profession. Then the author presents a historical overview on investigation in order to provide insights into the ethical problems related to investigation, and finally the author comments on the main ethical criteria which should be followed during investigation by nurses.

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El objetivo de este artículo es recuperar la vinculación del pensamiento occidental tradicional entre la ética y la estética y aplicarla a la práctica del cuidado enfermero. Por ello, inicialmente se analizan los conceptos ética y estética, seguidamente se estudia la vinculación conceptual a través de distintos autores y, finalmente, se aplica el tándem ética-estética al cuidado enfermero, esto es, se muestra que en el cuidado la acción buena es inseparable de la acción bella(AU)

The objective of this article is to recuperate the link in traditional western thinking between ethics an aesthetics and to apply it to nursing care practice. To achieve this objective, first the author analyzes the concepts ethics and aesthetics; this analysis is followed by a study of this conceptual link through various authors’ articles; and finally, the author applies this tandem ethics-aesthetics to nursing care, which shows that in nursing care, good deeds are inseparable from good action(AU)

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The objective of this article is to recuperate the link in traditional western thinking between ethics an aesthetics and to apply it to nursing care practice. To achieve this objective, first the author analyzes the concepts ethics and aesthetics; this analysis is followed by a study of this conceptual link through various authors' article, and finally, the author applies this tandem ethics-aesthetics to nursing care, which shows that in nursing care, good deeds are inseparable from good action.

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