Asunto(s)
Virus de la Viruela Vacuna/aislamiento & purificación , Viruela Vacuna/veterinaria , ADN Viral/aislamiento & purificación , Elefantes , Muerte Fetal/veterinaria , Transmisión Vertical de Enfermedad Infecciosa/veterinaria , Complicaciones Infecciosas del Embarazo/veterinaria , Animales , Animales de Zoológico , Viruela Vacuna/diagnóstico , Viruela Vacuna/prevención & control , Viruela Vacuna/transmisión , Virus de la Viruela Vacuna/inmunología , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Femenino , Muerte Fetal/virología , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa/veterinaria , Embarazo , Vacunas ViralesRESUMEN
Although smallpox was eradicated 20 years ago, other members of the genus Orthopoxvirus (OPV), such as cowpox virus (CPXV) or monkeypox virus, are still a threat to humans. Because human CPXV infection is rare, it is seldom suspected on clinical grounds only. We report a boy who presented with two necrotic ulcers with surrounding erythema. Infection with OPV was suspected, as antibiotic treatment had not produced improvement and smears were negative for anthrax. An OPV was isolated and an OPV-specific polymerase chain reaction combined with a subsequent restriction enzyme fragment length polymorphism assay confirmed infection by CPXV. Although the patient's cat had had no skin lesions, OPV-specific antibodies were found at a titre of 1 : 8 in a plaque reduction assay, suggesting that the cat had transmitted the virus to the boy.
Asunto(s)
Viruela Vacuna/diagnóstico , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa/métodos , Úlcera Cutánea/virología , Niño , Virus de la Viruela Vacuna/aislamiento & purificación , ADN Viral/análisis , Humanos , MasculinoRESUMEN
Five case reports on cowpox virus infections in cats, humans, and for the first time in a horse are presented. It becomes obvious that in most cases the diagnosis cowpox is suspected rather late, although fast and reliable diagnostic tools such as pathohistological examination and polymerase chain reaction are available. The threat of a zoonotic transmission mainly through cats is gaining importance. Although wild rodents have been claimed to be the reservoir and source for cowpox viruses in cats, very little is known about the epidemiology of cowpox virus. Based on the different genome organizations found in the German isolates, we conclude that various subtypes of cowpox virus are circulating in Germany at one time.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de los Gatos/virología , Viruela Vacuna/epidemiología , Viruela Vacuna/veterinaria , Enfermedades de los Caballos/virología , Animales , Enfermedades de los Gatos/epidemiología , Gatos , Alemania/epidemiología , Enfermedades de los Caballos/epidemiología , Caballos , Humanos , ZoonosisRESUMEN
On the basis of an observation in a female patient with atrial pacemaker the complication of the "cross-talk" phenomenon is explained, which up to now has been known above all in two-chamber pacemakers. The typical manifestation of ECG of the cross-talk is the change of the stimulation frequency or the total inhibition of the ventricular impulse output in DDD-pacemakers. Attention is paid to the importance of this phenomenon which increases in our country with growing number of the implanted two-chamber pacemakers.
Asunto(s)
Arritmia Sinusal/terapia , Bradicardia/terapia , Electrocardiografía , Marcapaso Artificial/efectos adversos , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Nodo Atrioventricular/fisiopatología , Complejos Cardíacos Prematuros/fisiopatología , Femenino , Atrios Cardíacos/fisiopatología , Frecuencia Cardíaca , Ventrículos Cardíacos/fisiopatología , HumanosRESUMEN
47 patients with cardiac pacemakers of the MCP- and LCP-series were examined for influence by disturbances caused by devices of electrodiagnostics and electrotherapy used in the GDR. A general prohibition of such diagnostic and therapeutic methods cannot be maintained. Low frequency current therapy (apart from TENS-currents), hydrogalvanic baths and ultrasonic therapy could be applied without any danger. In the CP-current should be guaranteed a minimum distance of 50 cm, when it fell short of, however, only insignificant disturbances appeared. The same concerns the microwave therapy. Also electrodiagnostics was possible without endangering the pacemaker-patient. TENS-currents caused, depending on distance and frequency, no disturbances or dangerous ones (total inhibition). Short-wave repeatedly led to total inhibition or warming at the cardiac pacemaker and should therefore generally be forbidden.