RESUMEN
AIM: The aim of the study was to identify the consequences of the use of fixed otrhodontic appliances (FOAs) on the morphological state of the tissues of the lower wall of the maxillary sinus, depending on the duration of their use. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study involved 115 male and female patients aged 18 to 25 years. All patients were divided into 2 research groups depending on the period of wearing brace systems. The control group consisted of patients who did not require orthodontic treatment orthodontic appliances. The density and thickness of the lower wall of the maxillary sinus were calculated in all groups. RESULTS: In the control group, the average minimum thickness of the lower wall of the maxillary sinus was 4.6±1.5 mm, the minimum density was 13.46±132.6 Hu, in prolonged wearing of FOAs (from 2 to 3 years) these indicators were: 4.96±1.22 mm and -160±187.4 Hu, respectively. In less severe malocclusion in people with a period of FOAs wearing from 1 to 1.5 years, these indicators were 5.03±1.06 mm and - 80.98±167.7 Hu. When measuring the density after one year, it increased and amounted to 25.6±184.4 Hu in wearing FOAs up to 1.5 years and 105.47±173.84 Hu in prolonged wearing of brace systems. CONCLUSIONS: It can be assumed that wearing of braces affects the morphological state of not only the enamel of the teeth, but also of the surrounding tissues, and this effect is more intense in prolonged wearing of FOAs.