RESUMEN
Brazilian green and red propolis stand out as commercial products for different medical applications. In this article, we report the antimicrobial activities of the hydroalcoholic extracts of green (EGP) and red (ERP) propolis, as well as guttiferone E plus xanthochymol (8) and oblongifolinâ B (9) from red propolis, against multidrug-resistant bacteria (MDRB). We undertook the minimal inhibitory (MIC) and bactericidal (MBC) concentrations, inhibition of biofilm formation (MICB50 ), catalase, coagulase, DNase, lipase, and hemolysin assays, along with molecular docking simulations. ERP was more effective by displaying MIC and MBC values <100â µg mL-1 . Compoundsâ 8 andâ 9 displayed the lowest MIC values (0.98 to 31.25â µg mL-1 ) against all tested Gram-positive MDRB. They also inhibited the biofilm formation of S. aureus (ATCC 43300 and clinical isolate) and S. epidermidis (ATCC 14990 and clinical isolate), with MICB50 values between 1.56 and 6.25â µg mL-1 . The molecular docking results indicated thatâ 8 andâ 9 might interact with the catalase's amino acids. Compounds 8 and 9 have great antimicrobial potential.
Asunto(s)
Antiinfecciosos/farmacología , Farmacorresistencia Bacteriana Múltiple/efectos de los fármacos , Própolis/química , Antiinfecciosos/química , Antiinfecciosos/metabolismo , Proteínas Bacterianas/química , Proteínas Bacterianas/metabolismo , Benzofenonas/química , Benzofenonas/aislamiento & purificación , Benzofenonas/metabolismo , Benzofenonas/farmacología , Sitios de Unión , Biopelículas/efectos de los fármacos , Brasil , Catalasa/química , Catalasa/metabolismo , Dominio Catalítico , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Simulación del Acoplamiento Molecular , Própolis/metabolismo , Própolis/farmacología , Staphylococcus aureus/efectos de los fármacos , Staphylococcus aureus/fisiologíaRESUMEN
Fractionation of extracts from the culture broth of the marine-derived fungus, Paecilomyces sp. 7A22, resulted in the isolation of the harzialactone A (HA), a known compound previously isolated from fungi of marine environments. The chemical structure of HA was determined by spectroscopic analyses. Upon evaluation of HA on antileishmanial assays against Leishmania amazonensis, HA exhibited significant activity against promastigotes forms with IC50 of 5.25 µg mL-1 and moderate activity against intracellular amastigotes with IC50 of 18.18 µg mL-1. This is the first report on the antileishmanial activity of HA, and the effects of HA presented in this work suggest that this class of compounds are suitable for future biological in vitro and in vivo studies for the search of natural products with activity against Leishmania spp. Furthermore, the present results corroborate marine-derived fungi as a promising source of natural products with antiparasitic activity.
Asunto(s)
Antiprotozoarios/farmacología , Lactonas/farmacología , Leishmania mexicana/efectos de los fármacos , Paecilomyces/química , Animales , Organismos Acuáticos , Evaluación Preclínica de Medicamentos/métodos , Lactonas/química , Lactonas/aislamiento & purificación , Leishmaniasis Cutánea/tratamiento farmacológico , Macrófagos Peritoneales/parasitología , Ratones Endogámicos BALB C , Estructura Molecular , Paecilomyces/aislamiento & purificaciónRESUMEN
Monoamine oxidase is a flavoenzyme bound to the mitochondrial outer membranes of the cells, which is responsible for the oxidative deamination of neurotransmitter and dietary amines. It has two distinct isozymic forms, designated MAO-A and MAO-B, each displaying different substrate and inhibitor specificities. They are the well-known targets for antidepressant, Parkinson's disease, and neuroprotective drugs. Elucidation of the x-ray crystallographic structure of MAO-B has opened the way for the molecular modeling studies. In this work we have used molecular modeling, density functional theory with correlation, virtual screening, flexible docking, molecular dynamics, ADMET predictions, and molecular interaction field studies in order to design new molecules with potential higher selectivity and enzymatic inhibitory activity over MAO-B.