Asunto(s)
Artritis Reumatoide/cirugía , Isquemia/tratamiento farmacológico , Nitroglicerina/uso terapéutico , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/tratamiento farmacológico , Dedos del Pie/irrigación sanguínea , Dedos del Pie/cirugía , Vasodilatadores/uso terapéutico , Anciano , Artritis Reumatoide/diagnóstico por imagen , Femenino , Síndrome del Dedo del Pie en Martillo/diagnóstico por imagen , Síndrome del Dedo del Pie en Martillo/cirugía , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Radiografía , Dedos del Pie/diagnóstico por imagenRESUMEN
Osteochondromata are common, benign tumours mainly affecting long-bone metaphyses. They comprise 35% of all primary benign bone tumours and 8% of all bone tumours overall, although their true incidence is unknown as many remain undiagnosed. They can cause multiple symptoms including pain and referral for excision is not uncommon. What is less recognized is their potential for spontaneous regression, a phenomenon that renders excision surgery, with its potential risks, unnecessary. We present an illustrated case of a spontaneously resolved, solitary osteochondroma in a young male, highlighting that solitary osteochondromata can actually resolve and in the asymptomatic child, a period of watchful waiting can be an appropriate option, avoiding a potentially unnecessary surgical excision with recognized complications.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias Óseas/diagnóstico por imagen , Fémur/patología , Regresión Neoplásica Espontánea , Osteocondroma/diagnóstico por imagen , Espera Vigilante/métodos , Neoplasias Óseas/patología , Niño , Humanos , Masculino , Osteocondroma/patología , Medición de Riesgo , Factores de Tiempo , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X/métodosRESUMEN
Using a panel of cDNA microarrays comprising 47 650 transcript elements, we have carried out a dual-channel analysis of gene expression in 39 resected primary human non-small cell lung tumours versus normal lung tissue. Whilst approximately 11 000 elements were scored as differentially expressed at least twofold in at least one sample, 96 transcripts were scored as over-represented fourfold or more in at least seven out of 39 tumours and 30 sequences 16-fold in at least two out of 39 tumours, including 24 transcripts in common. Transcripts (178) were found under-represented fourfold in at least seven out of 39 tumours, 31 of which are under-represented 16-fold in at least two out of 39 lesions. The relative expression levels of representative genes from these lists were analysed by comparative multiplex RT-PCR and found to be broadly consistent with the microarray data. Two dramatically over-represented genes, previously designated as potential tumour suppressors in breast (maspin) and lung and breast (S100A2) cancers, were analysed more extensively and demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach in identifying potential lung cancer diagnostic or therapeutic targets. Whilst it has been reported that S100A2 is downregulated in NSCLC at an early stage, our microarray, cmRT-PCR, Western and immunohistochemistry data indicate that it is strongly expressed in the majority of tumours.