RESUMEN
Patients from the general practice who had severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection between January 2020 and March 2021 participated in an online survey to report their symptoms. This observational study describes the broad range of mild to moderate symptoms experienced by 160 symptom-based coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) nonhospitalized patients, including 89 laboratory-confirmed cases. Compared to confirmed cases, a higher number of presumed and suspected patients had sore throat, shortness of breath, tightness in the chest, fatigue, or severe neck tension. Unexpected COVID-19-associated clinical features, such as alteration of blood consistency, hormonal imbalance, increased muscle tone and/or aches of skeletal muscles, joint pain, or dermatological disorders were observed by the participants. In the early period of the pandemic, COVID-19 diagnosis of patients was based on medical symptoms rather than polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or serological testing. These real-world data are essential to understand the pathophysiology of this virus infection and to develop innovative therapeutic approaches.
Asunto(s)
COVID-19 , Austria , COVID-19/diagnóstico , COVID-19/epidemiología , Prueba de COVID-19 , Humanos , Pandemias , SARS-CoV-2RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Barbed polydioxanone (PDO) sutures allowing for minimally invasive skin lifting are broadly and increasingly used in aesthetic dermatology. OBJECTIVES: To describe utilization of diverse barbed PDO sutures for aesthetic facial corrections in Caucasian patients, to evaluate long-term safety and to demonstrate effectiveness in skin tightening, redefinition of facial contours, and tissue elevation. METHODS: A retrospective chart review of patients routinely treated with barbed PDO sutures on face was performed. Aesthetic improvement was evaluated at 6-, 12- and 24-week posttreatment by the treating physician, patients, and an independent photographic reviewer. Patient's satisfaction with treatment outcome was evaluated. Procedure effects were also objectively measured by markerless tracking analysis. RESULTS: Sixty patients were treated with a total of 388 barbed sutures in various anatomical areas and followed-up for 24 weeks. At Week 24, the aesthetic improvement rate was 80% to 100% (depending on the evaluator), skin movements related to pre-treatment photographs showed significant changes across several different anatomical regions, and 97% of patients were satisfied with the overall treatment outcome. Transient, mild, and short-lasting adverse events, mostly pain and hematoma, occurred in 15% of patients. CONCLUSIONS: Barbed PDO sutures are safe and highly effective for aesthetic corrections, with results lasting for at least 24 weeks.
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Polidioxanona , Ritidoplastia , Humanos , Rejuvenecimiento , Estudios Retrospectivos , Técnicas de Sutura , SuturasRESUMEN
We took advantage of a mouse erythroid differentiation system to determine the relative contribution of transcriptional and translational control during this process. Comparison of expression data obtained with total cytoplasmic mRNAs or polysome-bound mRNAs (actively translated mRNAs) on Affymetrix high-density oligonucleotide microarrays revealed different characteristics of the two regulatory mechanisms. Indeed, mRNA expression from a vast majority of genes was affected, albeit most changes were relatively small and occurred at a low pace. Translational control, however, affected a smaller fraction of genes but was effective at earlier time-points. This analysis unravels six clusters of genes showing no significant variation in mRNA expression levels whereas they are submitted to translational regulation. Their involvement in terminal mouse erythropoiesis may prove to be highly relevant. Furthermore, the data from specific and functional categories of genes emphasize that translational control, not only reinforces the transcriptional effect, but allows the cell to increase the complexity in gene expression regulation patterns.
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Diferenciación Celular/genética , Regulación hacia Abajo , Células Eritroides/metabolismo , Eritropoyesis , Regulación de la Expresión Génica , Biosíntesis de Proteínas/genética , Animales , Células Cultivadas , Regulación hacia Abajo/genética , Eritropoyesis/genética , Eritropoyesis/fisiología , Perfilación de la Expresión Génica , Regulación de la Expresión Génica/fisiología , Ratones , Análisis de Secuencia por Matrices de Oligonucleótidos , Polirribosomas/metabolismo , ARN Mensajero/genética , ARN Mensajero/metabolismoRESUMEN
Outgrowth, long-term self-renewal, and terminal maturation of human erythroid progenitors derived from umbilical cord blood in serum-free medium can be modulated by steroid hormones. Homogeneous erythroid cultures, as characterized by flow cytometry and dependence on a specific mixture of physiologic proliferation factors, were obtained within 8 days from a starting population of mature and immature mononuclear cells. Due to previous results in mouse and chicken erythroblasts, the proliferation-promoting effect of glucocorticoids was not unexpected. Surprisingly, however, androgen had a positive effect on the sustained expansion of human female but not male erythroid progenitors. Under optimal conditions, sustained proliferation of erythroid progenitors resulted in a more than 10(9)-fold expansion within 60 days. Terminal erythroid maturation was significantly improved by adding human serum and thyroid hormone (3,5,3'-triiodothyronine [T3]) to the differentiation medium. This resulted in highly synchronous differentiation of the cells toward enucleated erythrocytes within 6 days, accompanied by massive size decrease and hemoglobin accumulation to levels comparable to those in peripheral blood erythrocytes. Thus, obviously, different ligand-activated nuclear hormone receptors massively influence the decision between self-renewal and terminal maturation in the human erythroid compartment.
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Diferenciación Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Células Precursoras Eritroides/citología , Células Precursoras Eritroides/efectos de los fármacos , Esteroides/farmacología , Andrógenos/farmacología , Linaje de la Célula , Proliferación Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Células Cultivadas , Medio de Cultivo Libre de Suero , Dexametasona/farmacología , Eritroblastos/citología , Eritroblastos/efectos de los fármacos , Eritropoyetina/farmacología , Femenino , Sangre Fetal/citología , Sangre Fetal/efectos de los fármacos , Humanos , Masculino , Caracteres Sexuales , Factor de Células Madre/farmacología , Factores de Tiempo , Triyodotironina Inversa/farmacología , Cordón Umbilical/citología , Cordón Umbilical/efectos de los fármacosRESUMEN
The expansion and differentiation of hematopoietic progenitors is regulated by cytokine and growth factor signaling. To examine how signal transduction controls the gene expression program required for progenitor expansion, we screened ATLAS filters with polysome-associated mRNA derived from erythroid progenitors stimulated with erythropoietin and/or stem cell factor. The putative proto-oncogene nucleoside diphosphate kinase B (ndpk-B or nm23-M2) was identified as an erythropoietin and stem cell factor target gene. Factor-induced expression of nm23-M2 was regulated specifically at the level of polysome association by a phosphoinositide 3-kinase-dependent mechanism. Identification of the transcription initiation site revealed that nm23-M2 mRNA starts with a terminal oligopyrimidine sequence, which is known to render mRNA translation dependent on mitogenic factors. Recently, the nm23-M2 locus was identified as a common leukemia retrovirus integration site, suggesting that it plays a role in leukemia development. The expression of Nm23 from a retroviral vector in the absence of its 5'-untranslated region caused constitutive polysome association of nm23-M2. Polysome-association and protein expression of endogenous nm23-M2 declined during differentiation of erythroid progenitors, suggesting a role for Nm23-M2 in progenitor expansion. Taken together, nm23-m2 exemplifies that cytokine-dependent control of translation initiation is an important mechanism of gene expression regulation.