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Background: Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) following chemotherapy is part of standard treatment protocol for patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). FUS-ERG+ AML is rare but has an extremely poor prognosis even with allo-HSCT in remission, possibly due to its a leukemia stem cell (LSC)-driven disease resulting in chemotherapy resistance and a novel therapy is urgently required. It has been reported that FUS-ERG-positive AML expresses CD123, a marker of LSC, in some cases. CD123-targeted CAR T cell (CART123) is promising immunotherapy, but how to improve the complete remission (CR) rate and rescue potential hematopoietic toxicity still need to explore. Case Presentation: We used donor-derived CART123 as part of conditioning regimen for haploidentical HSCT (haplo-HSCT) in a patient with FUS-ERG+ AML who relapsed after allogeneic transplantation within 3 months, resists to multi-agent chemotherapy and donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI) and remained non-remission, aiming to reduce these chemotherapy-resistant blasts and rescue potential hematopoietic toxicity. The blasts in BM were reduced within 2 weeks and coincided with CAR copies expansion after CART123 infusion. The patient achieved full donor chimerism, CR with incomplete blood count recovery, and myeloid implantation. Conclusion: Our results hints that CART123 reduces the chemotherapy-resistant AML blasts for FUS-ERG+ AML without affecting the full donor chimerism and myeloid implantation.

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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the efficacy of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation（allo-HSCT）in the treatment of patients with Ⅲ,Ⅳ non-Hodgkin lymphoma（NHL）, and compared the efficacy between Cy- fractionated to talbody irradiation（fTBI）based conditioning regimen and Maryland, horse flange and mitoxantrone（BMM）.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The clinical data of 47 patients with Ⅲ, Ⅳ NHL after allo- HSCT from November 1998 to May 2014 were collected and retrospectively analyzed. To observe the hematopoietic reconstruction recovery after transplantation, cumulative incidence of acute graft- versus- host- disease （aGVHD） and chronic graft- versus- host- disease （cGVHD）, transplantation related mortality （TRM）, recurrence rate （RR）, disease- free survival （DFS）, overall survival（OS）. Compare the efficacy of fTBI and BMM conditioning regimen at the same time.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Neutrophils achieving 0.5×10⁹/L and platelets achieving 50×10⁹/L on day 17 （range, 10- 72） post transplantation. Acute GVHD occurred in 53.19%, among them, grade Ⅰ-Ⅱ occurred in 42.55%, grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ occurred in 10.65%, and cGVHD occurred in 21.28%. 21 patients were alive with a median follow up of 9.7 months（0.2-149.1 months）. Overall survival（OS）was 73.5%, 49.3%, 40.1% respectively in the first, third and fifth year in Cy-fTBI group; in BMM group it was 67.8%, 32.9% and 31.4% respectively, and disease-free survival（DFS）was 65.3%, 45.6%, 30.2% respectively in the first, third and fifth year. In Cy-fTBI group, the recurrence rate（RR）and transplantation related mortality（TRM）in the first year were 18.9%, 23.0% respectively, the third year were 19.5%, 38.3% and the fifth year were 35.2%, 39.2%. In BMM group, RR and TRM in the first year were 27.4%, 24.5% respectively, the third year were 38.9%, 46.4% and the fifth year were 39.2%, 48.2%. However, there was no significant difference in the indicator of OS, DFS, RR, TRM in the two groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Allo-HSCT could make some Ⅲ,Ⅳ NHL patients achieve long-term disease- free survival, but the TRM was still high relatively. Moreover, compared with the program of BMM conditioning regimen, Cy-fTBI might reduce the TRM and RR, meanwhile, increase the DFS and OS. However, due to the small number cases of two groups, there was no statistical significant difference.</p>

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<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Steady-state bone marrow (SS-BM) and granulocyte colony-stimulating growth factor-primed BM/peripheral blood stem-cell (G-BM/G-PBSC) are the main stem-cell sources used in allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation. Here, we evaluated the treatment effects of SS-BM and G-BM/G-PBSC in human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-identical sibling transplantation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 226 patients (acute myelogenous leukemia-complete remission 1, chronic myelogenous leukemia-chronic phase 1) received SS-BM, G-BM, or G-PBSC from an HLA-identical sibling. Clinical outcomes (graft-versus-host disease [GVHD], overall survival, transplant-related mortality [TRM], and leukemia-free survival [LFS]) were analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>When compared to SS-BM, G-BM gave faster recovery time to neutrophil or platelet (P < 0.05). Incidence of grade III-IV acute GVHD and extensive chronic GVHD (cGVHD) was lower than seen with SS-BM (P < 0.05) and similar to G-PBSC. Although the incidence of cGVHD in the G-BM group was similar to SS-BM, both were lower than G-PBSC (P < 0.05). G-BM and G-PBSC exhibited similar survival, LFS, and TRM, but were significantly different from SS-BM (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in leukemia relapse rates among the groups (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>G-CSF-primed bone marrow shared the advantages of G-PBSC and SS-BM. We conclude that G-BM is an excellent stem-cell source that may be preferable to G-PBSC or SS-BM in patients receiving HLA-identical sibling hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation.</p>

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OBJECTIVE To report malignant hematologic patients suffered in fungal infections treated with voriconazole(VOR),compare them with other similar patients treated with aluphotericin B liposome(L-AMB) as control,and then review the references.METHODS Fifty patients were treated with VOR and 57 patients were treated with L-AMB.According to the clinical performance and the changes in the CT,we could find the difference of between them.RESULTS Forty cases were effective in VOR group and most of them were in good tolerance.In the control group,37 cases were effective,most of them were in poor tolerance,and some of them stopped the treatment.CONCLUSIONS Instead of L-AMB,VOR can be a useful drug in the treatment of hematologic malignancies patients suffered in fungal infections.

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Polysaccharides are important large molecules in the body. It has many functions such as activting the lymphocytes like T,B, NK and M? cells, promoting the secretion of cytokines and antibodies through binding to the CR 3 receptor of lymphocytes, affecting the concentrations of cellar [Ca 2+ ] i, cAMP, cGMP, NO and PGE 2, and promoting the gene expression of cytokines. Its function also relate to its molecule weight and structure.