RESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: Pulmonary carcinoma is uncommon in cats and reporting of outcomes following medical treatment is limited, especially in presence of metastases. The aim of this study was to describe the outcome of cats affected by metastatic primary pulmonary carcinoma and to evaluate the tolerability of palliative treatment in this patient population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Medical records were searched for cats with a cytological or histopathological diagnosis of primary pulmonary carcinoma and evidence of metastatic disease. Cats were treated with antineoplastic agents, corticosteroids, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or received no systemic treatment. Cases in which thoracic CT was not performed, and those lacking definitive diagnosis by cytology or histopathology or receiving curative-intent surgery were excluded. RESULTS: Thirty-four cats were identified: 18 were treated with antineoplastic agents and 16 received corticosteroids, NSAIDs or no treatment. Presenting clinical signs included coughing (53%), tachypnoea (26%), gastrointestinal signs (35%) and lethargy (18%). CT scan identified metastases to the lung parenchyma in all cases and additional metastatic lesions in 10 of 34 (59%) cases; pleural effusion was detected in 11 cases (32%). The overall median survival time for all cats was 64 days [range 1-1352 days; 95% confidence interval (CI) 48-164]. Presence of respiratory signs at presentation was the only factor influencing survival in the multivariable analysis. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Medical treatment was well tolerated and appeared to palliate clinical signs in cats with metastatic pulmonary carcinoma, albeit with a modest duration and short overall survival. The role and benefit of chemotherapy/antineoplastic agents versus conventional palliative drugs in this setting remains unclear.
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Carcinoma , Enfermedades de los Gatos , Neoplasias Pulmonares , Animales , Carcinoma/veterinaria , Enfermedades de los Gatos/tratamiento farmacológico , Gatos , Pulmón , Neoplasias Pulmonares/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias Pulmonares/veterinaria , Cuidados Paliativos , Estudios Retrospectivos , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To determine the median survival time (MST) of dogs with nasal carcinoma treated with toceranib phosphate. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The databases of four Spanish referral hospitals were retrospectively searched for dogs with a diagnosis of nasal tumours presented between January 2015 and October 2020. Dogs treated with radiotherapy or other chemotherapies prior toceranib were excluded. RESULTS: Twenty-three dogs with a confirmed nasal carcinoma treated with toceranib phosphate and with a CT scan for initial staging according to Adams Modified Staging System were included. Nine dogs had a stage III nasal carcinoma whereas 14 dogs had a stage IV nasal carcinoma. No dog had stages I and II nasal carcinoma. The median overall survival time was 139 days. The difference between the MST between dogs with stages III and IV was not statistically significant [P = 0.6, 140 days for stage III (range 46-401) vs 120 days for stage IV (range 23-600)]. Overall, dogs with epistaxis achieved a longer median survival (166 days) than dogs without epistaxis (83 days). Toceranib phosphate was generally well tolerated. Most dogs had an initial clinical benefit followed by progressive disease. SIGNIFICANCE: This is the first study to report the MST in dogs with stages III and IV nasal carcinoma treated with toceranib phosphate. This retrospective study showed that toceranib phosphate decreases the clinical signs associated with nasal carcinomas.
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Antineoplásicos , Carcinoma , Enfermedades de los Perros , Neoplasias Nasales , Animales , Antineoplásicos/uso terapéutico , Carcinoma/veterinaria , Enfermedades de los Perros/tratamiento farmacológico , Perros , Indoles , Neoplasias Nasales/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias Nasales/veterinaria , Pirroles/uso terapéutico , Estudios RetrospectivosRESUMEN
The objective of this multicentre retrospective study was to describe clinical presentation, treatment and outcome and to determine prognostic factors for dogs with presumed primary colorectal lymphoma (PCRL). A total of 31 dogs were included. The predominant features of PCRL were high grade (n = 18) and immunophenotype B (n = 24). Most dogs were substage b (n = 25) with higher prevalence of haematochezia (n = 20). One dog had surgery only. Thirty dogs received chemotherapy; amongst them 13 had surgery or radiotherapy. Progression free survival (PFS) was 1318 days and disease-related median survival time (MST) was 1845 days. Fourteen dogs were alive at the end of the study with a median follow-up time of 684 days (3-4678 days). Younger dogs had longer PFS (P = 0.031) and disease-related MST (P = 0.01). Presence of haematochezia corresponded with longer PFS (P = 0.02). Addition of local treatment to chemotherapy did not significantly improve the outcome (P = 0.584). Canine PCRL has considerably longer PFS and MST than other forms of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
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Neoplasias Colorrectales/veterinaria , Enfermedades de los Perros/diagnóstico , Linfoma/veterinaria , Factores de Edad , Animales , Neoplasias Colorrectales/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Colorrectales/patología , Neoplasias Colorrectales/terapia , Terapia Combinada/veterinaria , Enfermedades de los Perros/patología , Enfermedades de los Perros/terapia , Perros , Femenino , Linfoma/diagnóstico , Linfoma/patología , Linfoma/terapia , Masculino , Pronóstico , Estudios Retrospectivos , Análisis de SupervivenciaRESUMEN
We interrogated the neurokinin-1 receptor (NK-1R)/substance P (SP) pathway in canine melanoma tumour tissues and cell lines. NK-1R messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein expression were observed in the majority of tumour tissues. Immunohistochemical assessment of archived tissue sections revealed NK-1R immunoreactivity in 11 of 15 tumours, which may have diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic utility. However, we were unable to identify a preclinical in vitro cell line or in vivo xenograft model that recapitulates NK-1R mRNA and protein expression documented in primary tumours. While maropitant inhibited proliferation and enhanced apoptosis in cell lines, in the absence of documented NK-1R expression, this may represent off-target effects. Furthermore, maropitant failed to suppress tumour growth in a canine mouse xenograft model derived from a cell line expressing mRNA but not protein. While NK-1R represents a novel target, in the absence of preclinical models, in-species clinical trials will be necessary to investigate the therapeutic potential for antagonists such as maropitant.
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Regulación Neoplásica de la Expresión Génica/efectos de los fármacos , Melanoma/veterinaria , Quinuclidinas/farmacología , Receptores de Neuroquinina-1/metabolismo , Animales , Línea Celular Tumoral , Enfermedades de los Perros , Perros , Ratones , Ratones Desnudos , Neoplasias Experimentales/metabolismo , Antagonistas del Receptor de Neuroquinina-1/farmacología , ARN Mensajero/genética , ARN Mensajero/metabolismo , Receptores de Neuroquinina-1/genéticaRESUMEN
The efficacy of a treatment combination of a COX-2 inhibitor (meloxicam), chemotherapy and surgery in 23 cats with histologically confirmed mammary gland adenocarcinoma was evaluated. All of the cases underwent an aggressive surgery with concurrent doxorubicin-based chemotherapy. Meloxicam was given orally starting the day after surgery and was continued indefinitely. Serum renal parameters were measured every 3-5 months. Three cats developed azotemia, whereas in four other renal parameters increased but remained within normal limit. The Kaplan-Meier median survival time was 460 days. The Kaplan-Meier median disease free interval was 269 days. The survival times are similar to other studies, not supporting the use of this treatment combination. Prospective studies with a higher number of cases are warranted to investigate the utility of this multimodality protocol for the treatment of feline mammary tumours.
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Antineoplásicos/uso terapéutico , Enfermedades de los Gatos/terapia , Inhibidores de la Ciclooxigenasa 2/uso terapéutico , Neoplasias Mamarias Animales/terapia , Tiazinas/uso terapéutico , Tiazoles/uso terapéutico , Animales , Gatos , Femenino , Neoplasias Mamarias Animales/clasificación , Meloxicam , Estudios RetrospectivosRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: In view of the increasing interest in measuring health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and that is widely accepted Quality of life (QL) is a valid marker of results of treatment in chronic dialysis, we marked the aim to determine QL of the patients > or = 75 years in chronic haemodialysis and to determine the influence of different factors (comorbidity, analytical, cognitive deterioration, depression and self-sufficiency) over the results. METHODS: We used the Kidney Disease Quality of Life (KDQOL-SF), questionnaire of health that has been become an useful instrument for measuring CV into this population. Demographic and analytical data, comorbidity (Charlson Index), depression (Yesavage), self-sufficiency (Karnofsky) and impaired cognitive function (Cognitive Mini-Exam) were collected. We evaluated the influence of these factors on the different dimensions of the KDQOI-SF and compared our scores with general Spanish population scores standardised according to age and sex. RESULTS: We included 51 patients (24 men) with a mean age 79.5 +/- 3.7 years and 39 +/- 56 months in dialysis. Women had lower scores than men in all scales of KDQOL-SF. We found that months in dialysis, depression scale, Karnofsky scale and cognitive deterioration test were also influencing about these scores. Multivariate analysis showed that CV is especially associated with sex, depression, cognitive deterioration and self-sufficiency. After we calculated standardised scores according to age and gender, out population showed a level of CV lower than general population, especially in female gender. CONCLUSIONS: In our population the women had worse CV than men. The CV of the elders in HD is lower than general population of equal sex and age and it was not modified with factors related to the end-stage renal disease and its treatment. Suffering from cognitive deterioration or depression had an important impact on the well-being of our patients, which would justify a wider diagnostic and therapeutic boarding in these patients.