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Objetivo: identificar os cuidados de enfermagem direcionados a usuários diagnosticados com a doença de Crohn. Método: trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, realizada na Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde, Base de Dados em Enfermagem, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrievel System Online, Scientific Electronic Library Online e Google Acadêmico. A amostra foi composta por sete estudos. Resultados: a análise dos estudos revela uma série de resultados significativos no contexto dos cuidados de enfermagem, podendo citar.: a necessidade de planejar a assistência de enfermagem adaptada às particularidades da doença; a crescente relevância da telessaúde; monitoramento de sintomas, orientação nutricional, administração de medicamentos e apoio emocional, enfatizando a individualização desses cuidados. Considerações finais: os principais resultados do estudo destacam a importância dos cuidados de enfermagem centrados no bem-estar do usuário, controle da doença, apoio emocional e estímulo ao autocuidado.

Objective: to identify the nursing care provided to patients diagnosed with Crohn's disease. Method: this is an integrative literature review carried out in the Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature, Nursing Database, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, Scientific Electronic Library Online and Google Scholar. The sample consisted of seven studies. Results: the analysis of the studies reveals a series of significant results in the context of nursing care, including: the need to plan nursing care adapted to the particularities of the disease; the growing relevance of telehealth; symptom monitoring, nutritional guidance, medication administration and emotional support, emphasizing the individualization of this care. Final considerations: the main results of the study highlight the importance of nursing care centered on the user's well-being, disease control, emotional support and encouraging self-care.

Objetivos:identificar los cuidados de enfermería prestados a pacientes con diagnóstico de enfermedad de Crohn. Método: se trata de una revisión bibliográfica integradora realizada en la Literatura Latinoamericana y del Caribe en Ciencias de la Salud, Base de Datos de Enfermería, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, Scientific Electronic Library Online y Google Scholar. La muestra estuvo constituida por siete estudios. Resultados: el análisis de los estudios revela una serie de resultados significativos en el contexto de los cuidados de enfermería, entre ellos: la necesidad de planificar cuidados de enfermería adaptados a las particularidades de la enfermedad; la creciente relevancia de la telesalud; la monitorización de síntomas, la orientación nutricional, la administración de medicamentos y el apoyo emocional, destacando la individualización de estos cuidados. Consideraciones finales: los principales resultados del estudio destacan la importancia de los cuidados de enfermería centrados en el bienestar del usuario, el control de la enfermedad, el apoyo emocional y el fomento del autocuidado.

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INTRODUCTION: Bone marrow transplants primarily depend on people who previously registered to be donors. From then on, the search for compatibility between donor and recipient begins. OBJECTIVE: To describe the historical landmarks and the legal apparatus of bone marrow donor banks in Brazil based on an integrative review. METHODS: LILACS database and PubMed and SciELO journals were used. The term bone marrow transplantation was the descriptor. Eligibility criteria were: articles with the theme of Bone Marrow Transplantation (BMT) and studies carried out on the national territory. RESULTS: A total of 88,855 articles were identified, among which 185 met the eligibility criteria. After they were thoroughly read, 14 articles were selected. The studies pointed out fragments that dealt with important historical landmarks for the establishment of bone marrow transplantation as a conventional treatment for oncohematological diseases. CONCLUSION: The use of BMT has a history of more than thirty years in Brazil. However, none of the articles identified specifically addresses the historical content of bone marrow transplantation.

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Objetivo: compreender o conhecimento dos profissionais de enfermagem acerca das medidas de biossegurança na prevenção de agravos à saúde durante a assistência em hemodiálise. Método: revisão integrativa da literatura realizada nas bases de dados da LILACS e BDENF e no diretório de revistas da SciELO. Foram identificadas 691 obras. Após aplicados os critérios de inclusão e exclusão, a amostra final foi composta por 12 artigos. Resultados: os profissionais de enfermagem aderem parcialmente às medidas de biossegurança e compreendem sua necessidade, assim como detêm conhecimento sobre a temática, muito embora esse mesmo conhecimento não tenha sido aplicado em sua totalidade na assistência. Conclusão: os profissionais detêm conhecimento acerca das medidas de biossegurança e reconhecem a necessidade da sua aplicação como instrumento efetivo no desempenho das suas atividades laborais, adotando e recomendando a sua utilização. No entanto, existem lacunas do conhecimento entre o discurso e a prática assistencial. Considerações finais: condições precárias da Atenção Primária à Saúde implicam em desestruturação de resposta adequada em momentos de emergências sanitárias.

Objective: to understand the knowledge of nursing professionals about biosafety measures in the prevention of health problems during hemodialysis care. Method: integrative review of the literature performed in LILACS and BDENF databases and in the directory of SciELO journals. 691 works were identified. After the inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied, the final sample consisted of 12 articles. Results: nursing professionals partially adhere to biosafety measures and understand their need, as well as have knowledge about the theme, even though this same knowledge has not been applied in its entirety in care. Conclusion: professionals have knowledge about biosafety measures and recognize the need for their application as an effective instrument in the performance of their work activities, adopting and recommending their use. However, there are gaps in knowledge between discourse and care practice.

Objetivo: comprender el conocimiento de los profesionales de enfermería sobre las medidas de bioseguridad en la prevención de problemas de salud durante el cuidado de la hemodiálisis. Método: revisión integradora de la literatura realizada en bases de datos LILACS y BDENF y en el directorio de revistas SciELO. Se identificaron 691 obras. Después de aplicar los criterios de inclusión y exclusión, la muestra final consistió en 12 artículos. Resultados: los profesionales de enfermería se adhieren parcialmente a las medidas de bioseguridad y comprenden su necesidad, así como tienen conocimiento sobre el tema, a pesar de que este mismo conocimiento no se ha aplicado en su totalidad en el cuidado. Conclusión: los profesionales tienen conocimientos sobre las medidas de bioseguridad y reconocen la necesidad de su aplicación como un instrumento eficaz en el desempeño de sus actividades laborales, adoptando y recomendando su uso. Sin embargo, existen brechas en el conocimiento entre el discurso y la práctica del cuidado.

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OBJECTIVE: To identify health promotion actions carried out by professionals in the Family Health Strategy in relation to elderly people. METHOD: An exploratory study with a qualitative approach was performed in Juazeiro do Norte, Ceará, Brazil, with 19 professionals. A recorded, fully transcribed semi-structured interview was used after authorization by the ethics committee under number 501 675. The discussions were analyzed using Content Analysis, organized into thematic categories. RESULTS: Actions of a collective nature were identified, such as activities in groups, meetings, conversation circles, lectures and guidance in the waiting room. Other directed actions were used, such as guidelines during individual consultations and referral to specialized services. CONCLUSION: The need for the discussion of health promotion and actions in relation to old age was highlighted, with debate and reflection on this theme required locally, along with the need to build a network of support for the health of the elderly in a shared manner among professionals, managers and the community.

OBJETIVO: Conhecer as ações de promoção da saúde desenvolvidas pelos profissionais da Estratégia Saúde da Família em relação à pessoa idosa. MÉTODO: Estudo exploratório, com abordagem qualitativa, realizado em Juazeiro do Norte, Ceará, Brasil, com 19 profissionais. Utilizou-se uma entrevista semiestruturada, gravada, transcrita na íntegra, cujos dados foram organizados em categorias temáticas à luz da Análise de Conteúdo e da literatura pertinente. Resultados: Foram descritas ações de caráter coletivo, como atividades grupais, reuniões, rodas de conversa, palestras e orientações em sala de espera, além de ações pontuais, como orientações durante a consulta individual e encaminhamento para serviços especializados. CONCLUSÃO: Evidenciou-se a necessidade de discussão sobre a promoção da saúde e suas ações para realizá-las com idosos, sendo indispensável o debate e a reflexão sobre a temática localmente e a necessidade de construir uma rede de apoio à saúde da pessoa idosa compartilhada entre profissionais, gestores e comunidade.

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Objetivo: identificar a percepção que os estudantes de enfermagem possuem acerca do trabalho do enfermeiro. Método: pesquisa descritiva, com abordagem qualitativa, realizada em uma instituição de ensino superior, durante o mês de novembro de 2014. Participaram do estudo 33 alunos de um curso de graduação em enfermagem. A estratégia adotada para obtenção dos dados foi a entrevista semiestruturada. Os dados foram analisados através da análise de conteúdo. O projeto foi avaliado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa do Centro Universitário Leão Sampaio com Protocolo de AprovaçãoCAAE30960413.4.0000.5048. Resultados: evidenciou-se que há maior número de adultos jovens do sexo feminino. As falas dos estudantes permitiram a organização dos dados em três categorias temáticas, sendo elas “Identificação com a profissão”, “Características humanitárias” e “Funções assistenciais e gerenciais”. Eles relacionam o trabalho do enfermeiro como uma atividade voltada para o cuidado; associam a imagem do profissional como uma pessoa dedicada,com o papel de fundamental responsabilidade na recuperação e reabilitação do paciente, utilizando-se da humanização e dedicação. Conclusão: a análise das descrições revelou que os estudantes percebem a enfermagem como uma profissão que requer dedicação. Visualizam o trabalho do enfermeiro como um profissional de importância na assistência e que existe uma apreensão dos acadêmicos, quando se trata das perspectivas à profissão. Outro fator percebido por eles é que o trabalho é amplo e envolve múltiplas dimensões.

Objective: to identify the perception that nursing students have about the nursing. Methods: descriptive study with aqualitative approach, carried out in a higher education institution, during the month of November of 2014. The studyincluded 33 students from an undergraduate degree in nursing. The strategy adopted for data collection was a semistructuresinterview. Data were analyzed using content analysis. Approved by the Research Ethics Committee of CentroUniversitário Leão Sampaio adopted with CAAE nº30960413.4.0000.5048. Results: there prevalence of young adult female.The speeches of the students allowed the organization of data in three thematic categories, which were: “Identificationwith the profession”, “Humanitarian Features” and “Care functions, management functions”. They describe the work ofnurses as an activity of care; associate the image of the dedicated person with the role of primary responsibility in therecovery and rehabilitation of the patient, using humanization and dedication. Conclusion: the analysis of the descriptionsrevealed that students perceive nursing as a profession that requires dedication. They visualize the nurse as an importantprofessional in care and that there is a great concern of academics, when it comes to prospects for the profession.Another idea perceived by them is that the work is extensive and involves multiple dimensions.

Objetivo: identificar la percepción que los estudiantes de enfermería tienen acerca de la enfermería. Métodos: Estudiodescriptivo con abordaje cualitativo, realizado en una institución de educación superior, durante el mes de noviembre de2014. En el estudio participaron 33 estudiantes de una licenciatura en enfermería. La estrategia adoptada para la recolección de datos fue una entrevista semi-estructurada. Los datos fueron analizados mediante el análisis de contenido.Aprobado por el Comité de Ética en Investigación de la Facultad Leão Sampaio adoptada con CAAEnº30960413.4.0000.5048. Resultados: Hay predominio de mujeres adultas jóvenes .Los discursos de los estudiante permitieron la organización de los datos en tres categorías temáticas, que fueron "La identificación con la profesión","Características humanitarias" y “funciones de atención y gestión”. Ellos describen el trabajo de las enfermeras como unaactividad de la atención; asociar la imagen de la persona dedicada con el papel de la responsabilidad primordial en larecuperación y rehabilitación del paciente, mediante la humanización y dedicación. Conclusión: el análisis de las descripciones reveló que los estudiantes perciben la enfermería como una profesión que requiere dedicación. Visualizan la enfermera como profesional importante en la atención y que es una gran preocupación de académicos, cuando se trata delas perspectivas de la profesión. Otra idea percibida por ellos es que el trabajo es grande e implica múltiples dimensiones.

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INTRODUCTION: In this study, the molecular characteristics of group A rotavirus (RVA) were compared in samples obtained before and after RVA vaccine-introduction in Brazil. METHODS: Eighty samples were screened for the presence of RVA. Positive samples were molecularly analyzed. RESULTS: RVA positivity was 16.9%, with a predominance of G2P[4]. Periods: pre-vaccination: predominance of IId (G1), IId (G2) lineages, and I1 and E1 genotypes; post-vaccination: predominance of Ib (G1), IIa, and IIc (G2) lineages and I2 and E2 genotypes. CONCLUSIONS: Although changes in RVA-circulation pattern were observed in the post-vaccination period, it could not be attributed to vaccination process.

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O Programa de Educação pelo Trabalho para a Saúde objetiva formar grupos de aprendizagem tutorial, servindo de instrumento para qualificar os profissionais da atenção básica em saúde e iniciar os estudantes de graduação ao trabalho seguindo as diretrizes do SUS. O presente estudo tem por objetivo caracterizar as produções científicas derivadas do Programa de Educação pelo Trabalho para a Saúde. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, exploratório-descritiva, baseada nos pressupostos da revisão integrativa de literatura, cujo objetivo foi caracterizar a produção científica brasileira sobre o PET-Saúde. A análise de 71 trabalhos fornece um panorama da forma de atuação do PET-Saúde, evidencia que se trata de uma importante estratégia para formação de profissionais crítico-reflexivos, favorecendo aos acadêmicos a prática de novas vivências, além do estímulo a autonomia e planejamento das atividades. Ainda, viabiliza a inserção dos estudantes na comunidade através de atividades de monitoramento, prevenção e promoção à saúde, possibilitando a aproximação ensinoserviço. As lacunas referem-se à ausência da participação dos profissionais dos serviços na elaboração de estudos que relatem as contribuições do programa na atuação desses profissionais.

The Education Program at Work for Health aims to form learning groups tutorial, serving as an instrument to qualify professionals in primary health care and starting graduate students to work following the guidelines of SUS. The present study aims to characterize the scientific production derived Education Program at Work for Health. This is a qualitative, exploratory, descriptive, based on the assumptions of integrative literature, whose aim was to characterize the scientific production on PET-Saúde. The analysis of 71 papers provides an overview of the form of action PET-Saúde, shows that it is an important strategy for training professionals critical-reflective, encouraging academics to practice new experiences, beyond the stimulus autonomy and planning activity. Also enables the integration of students in the community through the activities of monitoring, prevention and health promotion, enabling service-learning approach. The gaps relate to the lack of participation of professional services in the preparation of studies reporting on the contributions of the program performance of these professionals.

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To determine the positivity rate of human bocavirus (HBoV) 1 and 3 among children who presented with acute gastroenteritis symptoms during the period of 1994-2004 in the Central-West Region of Brazil, 762 faecal samples were tested using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the detection of HBoV DNA. Primers for a segment of the non-structural viral protein 1 (NS1) gene of HBoV-1 and HBoV-3 were used. Twelve HBoV-positive samples were further characterised via genomic sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. Of the samples tested, 5.8% (n = 44) were positive for HBoV-1 or HBoV-3 and co-infection was observed in 14 (31.8%) of the 44 HBoV-positive samples. Nine of the 14 samples were also positive for Rotavirus A and five were positive for Aichi virus. The genomic sequencing of the NS1 partial sequence of 12 HBoV-samples showed that 11 samples were characterised as HBoV-1 and that one was characterised as HBoV-3. The phylogenetic analysis showed that the HBoV-1 samples had a high sequence homology to others previously identified in China, Sweden and Brazil. This is the first study conducted in the Central-West Region of Brazil to detect HBoV-1 and HBoV-3 in faecal samples from children with acute gastroenteritis. Further studies are required to define the role of HBoVs as aetiological agents of gastroenteritis.

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To determine the positivity rate of human bocavirus (HBoV) 1 and 3 among children who presented with acute gastroenteritis symptoms during the period of 1994-2004 in the Central-West Region of Brazil, 762 faecal samples were tested using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the detection of HBoV DNA. Primers for a segment of the non-structural viral protein 1 (NS1) gene of HBoV-1 and HBoV-3 were used. Twelve HBoV-positive samples were further characterised via genomic sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. Of the samples tested, 5.8% (n = 44) were positive for HBoV-1 or HBoV-3 and co-infection was observed in 14 (31.8%) of the 44 HBoV-positive samples. Nine of the 14 samples were also positive for Rotavirus A and five were positive for Aichi virus. The genomic sequencing of the NS1 partial sequence of 12 HBoV-samples showed that 11 samples were characterised as HBoV-1 and that one was characterised as HBoV-3. The phylogenetic analysis showed that the HBoV-1 samples had a high sequence homology to others previously identified in China, Sweden and Brazil. This is the first study conducted in the Central-West Region of Brazil to detect HBoV-1 and HBoV-3 in faecal samples from children with acute gastroenteritis. Further studies are required to define the role of HBoVs as aetiological agents of gastroenteritis.

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Este estudo tem como objetivo conhecer a percepção das pessoas com lesão medular sobre sua condição e investigar algumas de suas características. Estudo Ouvirdescritivo, de natureza qualitativa do tipo exploratória, realizado com vinte e cinco pessoas com lesão medular, participantes de um centro de reabilitação. Os dados foram coletados por entrevistas semiestruturadas, com base em roteiro. A organização, categorização e análise dos mesmos ocorreram segundo análise temática. Emergiram dos dados quatro categorias, além das características dos participantes: diferentes formas de percepção da sua condição; diferentes formas de enfrentamento à sua condição; família, o apoio essencial; e todos têm problemas a ser superados. As pessoas com lesão medular enfrentam e percebem sua condição de diferentes maneiras, relacionadas ao apoio familiar, a capacidade de se autogovernar, a realização de atividades da vida diária e estabelecimento de novos objetivos de vida. O conhecimento dessas questões é importante para a realização do cuidado em saúde.

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo conocer la percepción de las personas con lesión en la médula espinal sobre su condición e investigar algunas de sus características. Estudio cualitativo, descriptivo, desarrollado con veinticinco personas con lesiones de la médula espinal, recogiéndose los datos con entrevistas semiestructuradas. El análisis de contenido encontró que las personas con lesión medular enfrentan y se notan de manera diferente. Este hecho está directamente relacionado con la autonomía que tiene en su estado. El sentirse impotente, hace con que la persona con lesión de la médula espinal se sienta incapaz de gobernarse a sí misma, lo que puede desencadenar un efecto negativo en el proceso de rehabilitación en el cual la búsqueda de la autonomía es objetivo clave. Los resultados de esta investigación indican la necesidad de estudios para investigar más a fondo las diferentes estrategias que las personas con lesión medular utilizan para enfrentar su nueva condición.

This study is aimed at finding out people's perception about their spinal cord injury condition and investigating some of their characteristics. A qualitative, exploratory and descriptive research was performed, in which 25 people with spinal cord injury of a rehabilitation center were interviewed. The data was collected through semi-structured interviews based on an outline. The organization, categorization and analysis were carried out according to a thematic analysis. Four categories emerged from the data and characteristics of the participants: different perceptions of their condition, different ways of coping with their condition; family, the essential support, and everybody has problems which need to be overcome. People with spinal cord injury face and perceive their condition in different ways, related to family support, self-governing ability, performing activities of daily living and setting new life goals. Knowing about these issues is important for health care implementation.

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This is an integrative review with the aim of tracing the scientific production concerning the influence of technological innovation in health care professionals' workloads. Fifty-seven (57) publications presented from 2004 to 2009 were selected from the LILACS and PubMed databases. In the selected studies field research using qualitative approaches and carried out in hospitals predominated. No study had the purpose to analyze the relationship between technological innovation and workloads. In studies involving technological innovation, publications concerning information and communication technologies and new forms of work organizations were highlighted studies concerning conditions which promote stress and Burnout predominated in the workloads theme. Results show an ambiguous relationship between technological innovation and workloads, which are either increased or diminished by innovations.

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Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa com objetivo de rastrear a produção científica acerca da influência da inovação tecnológica nas cargas de trabalho dos profissionais de saúde. Selecionou-se 57 publicações nas bases de interesse de 2004 a 2009. Predominaram as pesquisas de campo com abordagem qualitativa, realizadas em hospitais. Nenhum estudo teve por objetivo relacionar inovação tecnológica e cargas de trabalho. Nos estudos sobre inovação tecnológica destacaram-se publicações sobre tecnologias de informação e comunicação e novas formas de organização do trabalho; no tema cargas de trabalho predominaram estudos sobre condições promotoras de estresse e Burnout. Os achados mostraram que as inovações influenciam as cargas de trabalho de modo ambíguo, podendo aumentá-las ou diminuí-las.

Se trata de una revisión integradora con el fin de rastrear la literatura científica sobre la influencia de la innovación tecnológica en la carga de trabajo de los profesionales de la salud. Fueron seleccionados 57 artículos en las bases de interés 2004 y 2009. Predominaron investigaciones de campo con un enfoque cualitativo, llevado a cabo en hospitales. Ningún estudio buscó relacionar la innovación tecnológica y las cargas de trabajo. En estudios de innovación tecnológica se destacaron las publicaciones sobre tecnologías de la información y comunicación y nuevas formas de organización del trabajo, los estudios de la carga de trabajo promueve estudios sobre el estrés y el Burnout. Los resultados mostraron que las innovaciones afectan a las cargas de trabajo de forma ambigua y puede aumentarlos o reducirlos.

This is an integrative review with the aim of tracing the scientific production concerning the influence of technological innovation in health care professionals' workloads. Fifty-seven (57) publications presented from 2004 to 2009 were selected from the LILACS and PubMed databases. In the selected studies field research using qualitative approaches and carried out in hospitals predominated. No study had the purpose to analyze the relationship between technological innovation and workloads. In studies involving technological innovation, publications concerning information and communication technologies and new forms of work organizations were highlighted; studies concerning conditions which promote stress and Burnout predominated in the workloads theme. Results show an ambiguous relationship between technological innovation and workloads, which are either increased or diminished by innovations.

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This study is aimed at finding out people's perception about their spinal cord injury condition and investigating some of their characteristics. A qualitative, exploratory and descriptive research was performed in which 25 people with spinal cord injury of a rehabilitation center were interviewed. The data was collected through semi-structured interviews based on an outline. The organization, categorization and analysis were carried out according to a thematic analysis. Four categories emerged from the data and characteristics of the participants different perceptions of their condition, different ways of coping with their condition; family, the essential support and everybody has problems which need to be overcome. People with spinal cord injury face and perceive their condition in different ways, related to family support self-governing ability, performing activities of daily living and setting new life goals. Knowing about these issues is important for health care implementation.

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Estudo sobre a pessoa com lesão medular que objetivou investigar algumas características (sexo, idade, tempo de lesão, causa, nível, classificação) e a independência para as atividades diárias. Método: Pesquisa qualitativa, exploratória e descritiva, com a realização de entrevistas semi-estruturadas a 25 pessoas com lesão medular. Os dados foram analisados através da análise temática. Resultados: Constatou-se que são homens jovens, cuja causa da lesão foi a violência. Dependência, nível e classificação da lesão medular não estão diretamente relacionados. Conclusão: São necessários novos estudos sobre lesão medular versus independência funcional objetivando detalhar está relação. O enfermeiro precisa conhecer a pessoa com lesão medular, suas características e potencialidades para poder cuidar visando sua autonomia.

Estudio sobre la persona con lesión de la medula espinal que investigó algunas de las características (sexo, edad, tiempo desde la lesión, causa, nivel, classificación) y la independencia para las actividades de la vida diaria. Métodos: Investigación cualitativa, exploratoria y descriptiva, con la realización de entrevistas semi-estructuradas de 25 personas con lesiones de la medula espinal. Los datos fueron analizados utilizando el análisis temático. Resultados: se encontró que las personas con lesión de la medula espinal son hombres jóvenes, cuya causa de lesion fue la violencia. Ha se verificado que la dependencia, el nivel y la clasificación de lesión de la médula espinal no están directamente relacionados. Conclusión: Se concluye que son necesarios más estudios sobre lesiones de médula espinal en comparación con la independencia funcional destinadas a detallar esta relación. El enfermero necesita conocer la persona con lesión en la medula espinal, sus características y capacidades con el fin de cuidar para que ello sea autônomo.

Study about person with spinal cord injury to investigate some characteristics (sex, age, time of injury, cause, level, classification) and their independence for daily activities. Method: Qualitative, exploratory and descriptive research, with semi-structured interviews with 25 people with spinal cord injury. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis. Results: It was verified that people with spinal cord injury are usualy young men, whose cause of injury was violence. It was found that dependency, level and classification of spinal cord injury are not directly related. Conclusion: We conclude that further studies on spinal cord injury and functional independence should aim detailing this relationship. The nurse needs to know the person with spinal cord injury, its characteristics and potentialities to care for their independence.

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The epidemiological features of rotavirus A (RVA) infection differ between children from developing and developed countries which could result in differences in vaccine efficacy around the world. To evaluate the impact of Rotarix™ on RVA prevalence, we monitored RVA genotypes circulating in Goiânia by monitoring virus in faecal samples from children that had or had not been previously vaccinated. From February-November of 2008, 220 faecal samples were collected from children in seven day-care centres. RVA detection was performed by two methodologies and the results were confirmed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. From the 220 samples, eight were RVA-positive (3.6%) and five were from children that had received either one or two doses of the vaccine. All positive samples were collected from children with diarrhoea during August and September. Genotyping of the RVA characterised five of the viral samples as genotype G2P[4] and one as G8P[4], suggesting that G2P[4] was the predominant circulating genotype in Goiânia during the study. The fact that vaccinated children were also infected by RVA suggests that the vaccine does not fully protect against infection by the G2[P4] RVA genotype.

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The epidemiological features of rotavirus A (RVA) infection differ between children from developing and developed countries which could result in differences in vaccine efficacy around the world. To evaluate the impact of RotarixTM on RVA prevalence, we monitored RVA genotypes circulating in Goiânia by monitoring virus in faecal samples from children that had or had not been previously vaccinated. From February-November of 2008, 220 faecal samples were collected from children in seven day-care centres. RVA detection was performed by two methodologies and the results were confirmed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. From the 220 samples, eight were RVA-positive (3.6 percent) and five were from children that had received either one or two doses of the vaccine. All positive samples were collected from children with diarrhoea during August and September. Genotyping of the RVA characterised five of the viral samples as genotype G2P[4] and one as G8P[4], suggesting that G2P[4] was the predominant circulating genotype in Goiânia during the study. The fact that vaccinated children were also infected by RVA suggests that the vaccine does not fully protect against infection by the G2[P4] RVA genotype.

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The adenoviruses are frequently associated with sporadic gastroenteritis outbreaks in different parts of the world. This study aimed at the molecular characterization of human adenoviruses (HAdV) species and serotypes, in fecal samples from children, by multiplex-PCR and by PCR-RFLP, respectively, followed by genomic sequencing. Of 39 adenovirus-positive samples, 30 (76.9%) were classified as species F, six (15.4%) as species C, and two (5.1%) as species A, and one (2.6%) had a mixed F/C pattern. The serotyping showed that 14 (41.2%) were HAdV-41, 15 (44.1%) were HAdV-40, five (14.7%) were HAdV-5, and five samples could not be serotyped. This is the first study to molecularly characterize HAdV in the Central West region of Brazil, and the results highlight the circulation of the HAdV-5 among children with acute gastroenteritis in this region.

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INTRODUCTION: This was a prospective study that included women seen in the obstetrics and gynecology sector of Hospital das Clínicas, Federal University of Goiás, in Goiânia, State of Goiás, with the aim of detecting rotaviruses, adenoviruses, caliciviruses and astroviruses. Eighty-four women participated in the study and from these, 314 fecal samples were collected. Out of all of the women, 29 were seropositive for HIV and 55 were seronegative, and 45 and 39 were pregnant and non-pregnant, respectively. METHODS: Fecal samples were collected from each woman once every two months over the period from July 2006 to June 2007, and they were screened for rotaviruses by means of polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and immunoenzymatic assays, for caliciviruses and astroviruses by means of RT-PCR and for adenovirus by means of immunoenzymatic assays. The astroviruses were genotyped using nested PCR. RESULTS: Among the 84 patients, 19 (22.6%) were positive for either calicivirus (14/19) or astrovirus (6/19), while one women was positive for both viruses in fecal samples collected on different occasions. Most of the positive samples were collected during the months of July and August (astrovirus) and September and October (calicivirus). None of the samples analyzed was positive for rotavirus or adenovirus. Gastroenteric viruses were detected in 13/19 (68.4%) of the pregnant women, whether HIV-seropositive or not. CONCLUSIONS: The results from the present study showed that neither pregnancy nor HIV-seropositive status among the women increased the risk of infection by any of the gastroenteric viruses studied. This study presents data on gastroenteric virus detection among pregnant and/or HIV-positive women.

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INTRODUCTION: This was a prospective study that included women seen in the obstetrics and gynecology sector of Hospital das Clínicas, Federal University of Goiás, in Goiânia, State of Goiás, with the aim of detecting rotaviruses, adenoviruses, caliciviruses and astroviruses. Eighty-four women participated in the study and from these, 314 fecal samples were collected. Out of all of the women, 29 were seropositive for HIV and 55 were seronegative, and 45 and 39 were pregnant and non-pregnant, respectively. METHODS: Fecal samples were collected from each woman once every two months over the period from July 2006 to June 2007, and they were screened for rotaviruses by means of polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and immunoenzymatic assays, for caliciviruses and astroviruses by means of RT-PCR and for adenovirus by means of immunoenzymatic assays. The astroviruses were genotyped using nested PCR. RESULTS: Among the 84 patients, 19 (22.6 percent) were positive for either calicivirus (14/19) or astrovirus (6/19), while one women was positive for both viruses in fecal samples collected on different occasions. Most of the positive samples were collected during the months of July and August (astrovirus) and September and October (calicivirus). None of the samples analyzed was positive for rotavirus or adenovirus. Gastroenteric viruses were detected in 13/19 (68.4 percent) of the pregnant women, whether HIV-seropositive or not. CONCLUSIONS: The results from the present study showed that neither pregnancy nor HIV-seropositive status among the women increased the risk of infection by any of the gastroenteric viruses studied. This study presents data on gastroenteric virus detection among pregnant and/or HIV-positive women.

INTRODUÇÃO: Este foi um estudo prospectivo que incluiu mulheres atendidas no setor de obstetrícia e ginecologia do Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Goiás, em Goiânia, Estado de Goiás com o objetivo de detectar rotavírus, adenovírus, calicivírus e astrovírus. Oitenta e quatro mulheres participaram no estudo e destas, 314 amostras fecais foram coletadas. Do total de mulheres, 29 eram soropositivas para HIV, 55 soronegativas, 45 e 39 estavam grávidas e não-grávidas, respectivamente. MÉTODOS: Amostras fecais foram coletadas de cada mulher uma vez a cada dois meses pelo período de Julho-2006 a Junho-2007, foram triadas para rotavírus pela metodologia de eletroforese em gel de poliacrilamida (EGPA) e através de ensaio imunoenzimático (EIE), para calicivírus e astrovírus por RT-PCR e por EIE para adenovírus. Os astrovírus foram genotipados por Nested-PCR. RESULTADOS: De 84 pacientes, 19 (22,6 por cento) foram positivas para calicivírus (14/19) ou astrovírus (6/19), sendo que uma mulher foi positiva para ambos os vírus em amostras fecais coletadas em diferentes ocasiões. A maioria das amostras positivas foi coletada no período de Julho a Agosto (astrovírus) e de Setembro a Outubro (calicivírus). Nenhuma das amostras analisadas foi positiva para rotavírus ou adenovírus. Os vírus gastroentéricos foram detectados em 13/19 (68,4 por cento) mulheres grávidas, as quais eram HIV-soropositivas ou não. CONCLUSÕES: Os resultados do presente estudo mostram que nem o estado gravídico das mulheres nem a soropositividade para HIV aumentaram o risco para a infecção por nenhum dos vírus gastroentéricos estudados. Este estudo apresenta dados sobre a detecção de vírus gastroentéricos entre mulheres grávidas e/ou HIV-positivas.

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O Município de Juruti, localizado a oeste do Estado do Pará, possui importante reserva de bauxita, cuja exploração iniciou em 2005. O surgimento ou aumento da frequência de doenças influenciadas por essa exploração, particularmente em relação às hepatites virais, é diversa da observada em qualquer outra região do mundo. Para definir a prevalência das infecções pelos vírus das hepatites A, B, C e D na demanda do hospital municipal de Juruti, entre fevereiro de 2007 e abril de 2008, foram coletadas amostras de soro de pessoas da demanda hospitalar e submetidas à análise dos marcadores sorológicos das hepatites A (VHA), B (VHB), C (VHC) e D (VHD), por técnicas imunoenzimáticas. Nas amostras positivas para os vírus B e C foram realizadas pesquisas para detecção do VHB-DNA e VHC-RNA, por PCR e RT-PCR, respectivamente. Entre as 1.630 amostras coletadas, ocorreu prevalência de 85,6 por cento para o anti-VHA total; de 0,7 por cento para o HBsAg; 9,1 por cento anti-HBc/anti-HBs e 31,4 por cento anti-HBs isolado. Entre os HBsAg+, 9,1 por cento eram HBeAg+; 63,6 por cento anti-HBe+ e 72,7 por cento VHB-DNA+. O anti-VHC foi positivo em 0,1 por cento e não foi detectada sorologia positiva para o VHD. Caracterizamos, em base laboratorial, alta prevalência de infecção pelo VHA, detecção de portadores crônicos e de suscetíveis para o VHB, presença de portador do VHC e a ausência de portadores do VHD. Recomenda-se a realização de estudos epidemiológicos locais, baseados em comunidades, para comparar com os dados hospitalares ora apresentados...

The Juruti Municipality, located to the west of the Pará State, possesses major bauxite reserves, the exploration of which started in 2005. The appearance of some diseases and the increased frequency of others have been influenced by this exploration, particularly in relation to viral hepatitis. These epidemiological trends are different from those observed anywhere else worldwide. To define the prevalence of the infections by the hepatitis A, B, C and D viruses in the Juruti municipal hospital between February 2007 and April 2008, serum samples were collected from patients and analyzed for serological markers of hepatitis A (HAV), B (HBV), C (HCV) and D (HDV) by immunoenzymatic techniques. In samples positive for the hepatitis B and C viruses, assays were performed for the detection of HBV-DNA and HCV-RNA by PCR and RT-PCR, respectively. Among the 1,630 samples collected, the prevalence of total anti-HAV was 85.6 per cent; HBsAg was 0.7 per cent; anti-HBc/anti-HBs was 9.1 per cent and isolated anti-HBs were 31.4 per cent. Among the HBsAg+, 9.1 per cent were HBeAg+; 63.6 per cent were anti-HBe+ and 72.7 per cent were HBV-DNA+. Anti-HCV was positive in 0.1 per cent of the samples and positive serologies were not detected for HDV Laboratory-based characterization revealed a high prevalence of infection by HAV, detected chronic HBV carriers and those susceptible to HBV, identified an HCV carrier and revealed the absence of HDV carriers. Local, community-based epidemiological studies are recommended for comparison to the hospital data presented here...

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