RESUMEN
Penile squamous cell carcinoma is a rare diagnosis in the United States; however, the incidence is significantly higher in developing countries. This cancer is categorized into human papilloma virus (HPV)-associated and independent disease. In this article, we present a rare case of HPV-independent penile squamous cell carcinoma. Our patient was a 75-year-old Caucasian male who initially presented with a penile ulcer which was managed with partial penectomy and adjuvant chemotherapy. The patient was monitored on surveillance and did not pursue lymph node dissection. He was noted to have recurrence with metastatic disease 5 years after his initial presentation. Due to the aggressive nature of his disease, the patient was admitted to the hospital and treated with chemotherapy and immunotherapy.
Asunto(s)
Carcinoma de Células Escamosas , Infecciones por Papillomavirus , Neoplasias del Pene , Humanos , Masculino , Estados Unidos , Anciano , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/complicaciones , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/tratamiento farmacológico , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/patología , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/patología , Neoplasias del Pene/complicaciones , Neoplasias del Pene/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias del Pene/patología , Quimioterapia Adyuvante , Virus del Papiloma Humano , DisneaRESUMEN
Finding a compatible donor for kidney transplant candidates requires overcoming immunological barriers such as human leukocyte antigens (HLA) compatibility and ABO compatibility. Emerging data suggest a role for red blood cell antigens (RCA) in renal transplant outcomes. The incidence of RCA alloimmunization is high in chronically transfused individuals, such as end stage renal disease patients, but whether antibodies to RCA can mediate renal graft rejection remains debatable. The Duffy blood group antigens (Fy) has been shown to be expressed in the kidney, among other tissues. There are some data to suggest that donor-recipient Fy mismatches may increase the risk for chronic allograft damage and that anti-Fy antibodies may be involved in renal graft rejection, however, while it is routine to screen renal transplant candidates for ABO antigens, detailed RCA phenotyping of the donor kidney is not routinely tested. In this paper, we review the current data on the role of Fy in renal transplantation and discuss the potential mechanisms of its biological function.
Asunto(s)
Antígenos de Grupos Sanguíneos , Enfermedades Renales , Trasplante de Riñón , Humanos , Trasplante de Riñón/efectos adversos , Antígenos HLA , Trasplante Homólogo , Donantes de Tejidos , Complicaciones Posoperatorias , Rechazo de Injerto , Supervivencia de InjertoRESUMEN
There is a wide differential diagnosis within polyposis syndromes. Our case represents an interesting and diagnostically challenging diagnosis involving a 41-year-old male who presented with an incidental gastric mass on imaging and a colonic mass seen on colonoscopy. Following multiple endoscopic evaluations, histological analysis, and genetic testing, the patient was ultimately diagnosed with juvenile polyposis syndrome (JPS)/hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) despite the initial suspicion for Ménétrier's disease. His disease course was complicated by an acute upper extremity thrombus and diagnosis of colorectal carcinoma. This case highlights the importance of a thorough evaluation when polyposis syndromes are suspected. Prompt and accurate diagnosis can aid in the treatment, surveillance, and prevention of colorectal carcinoma.