RESUMEN
A hallmark of classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) is that the B-cell-derived Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg (HRS) tumor cells have largely lost the B-cell-typical gene expression program. The factors causing this 'reprogramming' of HRS cells are only partly understood. As early B-cell factor 1 (EBF1), a major B-cell transcription factor, is downregulated in HRS cells, we analyzed whether this downregulation contributes to the lost B-cell phenotype and tested the consequences of EBF1 re-expression in cHL cell lines. EBF1 re-expression caused an upregulation of B-cell genes, such as CD19, CD79A and CD79B, although the B-cell genes FOXO1 and PAX5 remained lowly expressed. The re-expression of CD19, CD79A and CD79B occurred largely without demethylation of promoter CpG motifs of these genes. In the cHL cell line L-1236 fitness decreased after EBF1 re-expression. These data show that EBF1 has the ability to reintroduce part of the B-cell signature in cHL cell lines. Loss of EBF1 expression in HRS cells therefore contributes to their lost B-cell phenotype. Notably, in the cHL cell line KM-H2 destructive mutations were found in one allele of EBF1, indicating that genetic lesions may sometimes have a role in impairing EBF1 expression.
Asunto(s)
Linfocitos B/patología , Biomarcadores de Tumor/genética , Metilación de ADN , Regulación Neoplásica de la Expresión Génica , Enfermedad de Hodgkin/patología , Células de Reed-Sternberg/patología , Transactivadores/metabolismo , Apoptosis , Linfocitos B/metabolismo , Secuencia de Bases , Biomarcadores de Tumor/metabolismo , Western Blotting , Proliferación Celular , Islas de CpG , Perfilación de la Expresión Génica , Enfermedad de Hodgkin/genética , Enfermedad de Hodgkin/metabolismo , Humanos , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Análisis de Secuencia por Matrices de Oligonucleótidos , Regiones Promotoras Genéticas , ARN Mensajero/genética , Reacción en Cadena en Tiempo Real de la Polimerasa , Células de Reed-Sternberg/metabolismo , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa de Transcriptasa Inversa , Homología de Secuencia de Ácido Nucleico , Transactivadores/genéticaRESUMEN
Anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) is a main type of T-cell lymphomas and comprises three distinct entities: systemic anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) positive, systemic ALK(-) and cutaneous ALK(-) ALCL (cALCL). Little is known about their pathogenesis and their cellular origin, and morphological and immunophenotypical overlap exists between ALK(-) ALCL and classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL). We conducted gene expression profiling of microdissected lymphoma cells of five ALK(+) and four ALK(-) systemic ALCL, seven cALCL and sixteen cHL, and of eight subsets of normal T and NK cells. The analysis supports a derivation of ALCL from activated T cells, but the lymphoma cells acquired a gene expression pattern hampering an assignment to a CD4(+), CD8(+) or CD30(+) T-cell origin. Indeed, ALCL display a down-modulation of many T-cell characteristic molecules. All ALCL types show significant expression of NFkappaB target genes and upregulation of genes involved in oncogenesis (e.g. EZH2). Surprisingly, few genes are differentially expressed between systemic and cALCL despite their different clinical behaviour, and between ALK(-) ALCL and cHL despite their different cellular origin. ALK(+) ALCL are characterized by expression of genes regulated by pathways constitutively activated by ALK. This study provides multiple novel insights into the molecular biology and pathogenesis of ALCL.