RESUMEN
Bone infection treatment is a significant challenge for the orthopedic field. 3D printing is a promising technology to produce scaffolds with customized architecture, able to stimulate and support bone growth. ß-TCP and S53P4 bioactive glass (BG) are well-known biomaterials for scaffold manufacturing. However, a multifunctional scaffold, able to inhibit microbial proliferation at the defect site, is of increasing interest to avoid infection recurrence. Tea tree oil (TTO) has aroused interest as an antimicrobial agent to minimize the use of antibiotics. Therefore, combining the regenerative potential of a bioceramic with TTO's antimicrobial properties could result in a scaffold capable of stimulating tissue growth and treating infections. In this context, this study aimed to produce and characterize 3D-printed ß-TCP/S53P4 BG scaffolds coated with TTO. Scaffolds morphological and chemical characterizations were carried out through XDR, SEM, and FTIR analysis. ß-TCP/S53P4 BG scaffolds showed a compressive strength of ~2 MPa and 53 ± 2% of porosity. The scaffolds were coated by two different procedures, using an ethanol/TTO (EtOH/TTO) and a gelatin/TTO (Gel/TTO) solution with 5, 10, and 15% (v/v) TTO. The addition of TTO decreased MG-63 cell viability for both coating groups, but the Gel/TTO group showed higher cell viability. The antibacterial activity of the coated scaffolds was evaluated against S. aureus and higher inhibition of colony formation was found for Gel/TTO group. Therefore, the coating with Gel/TTO was effective in terms of antibacterial activity and cell viability. Such Gel/TTO coated ß-TCP/S53P4 BG scaffolds are proposed for antibacterial bone tissue engineering.
Asunto(s)
Aceite de Árbol de Té , Andamios del Tejido , Andamios del Tejido/química , Aceite de Árbol de Té/farmacología , Staphylococcus aureus , Ingeniería de Tejidos/métodos , Fosfatos de Calcio/farmacología , Fosfatos de Calcio/química , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Antibacterianos/química , Impresión TridimensionalRESUMEN
The design of biomimetic biomaterials for cell culture has become a great tool to study and understand cell behavior, tissue degradation, and lesion. Topographical and morphological features play an important role in modulating cell behavior. In this study, a dual methodology was evaluated to generate novel gelatin methacrylate (GelMA)-based scaffolds with nano and micro topographical and morphological features. First, electrospinning parameters and crosslinking processes were optimized to obtain electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds. GelMA mats were characterized by SEM, FTIR, DSC, TGA, contact angle, and water uptake. Various nanofibrous GelMA mats with defect-free fibers and stability in aqueous media were obtained. Then, micropatterned molds produced by photolithography were used as collectors in the electrospinning process. Thus, biocompatible GelMA nanofibrous scaffolds with micro-patterns that mimic extracellular matrix were obtained successfully by combining two micro/nanofabrication techniques, electrospinning, and micromolding. Taking into account the cell viability results, the methodology used in this study could be considered a valuable tool to develop patterned GelMA based nanofibrous scaffolds for cell culture and tissue engineering.