RESUMEN
The data obtained in the clinical and laboratory study of 72 hospitalized patients with acute enteric infection are presented. The observed outbreak was caused by H. alvei producing heat-stable enterotoxin. The role of this etiological agent is also confirmed by simultaneous occurrence of the disease after using the same foodstuff, a short incubation period, the severity of the course of the disease with pronounced symptoms of neurotoxicosis, a high detection rate of H. alvei in material taken from patients at the acute period of the disease, rapid disappearance of this agent in the period of convalescence and a pronounced rise in the titer of specific antibodies to H. alvei in the dynamics of the disease. At the same time in the feces of 8 patients rotavirus antigen was detected, which, in combination with residual catarrhal phenomena, hyperemia and granularity of the pharynx, yellow stool, was indicative of the simultaneous circulation of rotavirus among these patients.
Asunto(s)
Infecciones por Enterobacteriaceae/complicaciones , Infecciones por Enterobacteriaceae/microbiología , Gastroenteritis/microbiología , Hafnia alvei/patogenicidad , Infecciones por Rotavirus/complicaciones , Infecciones por Rotavirus/microbiología , Rotavirus/patogenicidad , Enfermedad Aguda , Adolescente , Adulto , Anticuerpos/sangre , Antígenos/sangre , Convalecencia , Brotes de Enfermedades , Heces/microbiología , Hafnia alvei/aislamiento & purificación , Humanos , Masculino , Síndromes de Neurotoxicidad/microbiología , Rotavirus/aislamiento & purificación , Índice de Severidad de la EnfermedadRESUMEN
The studies carried out in a maternity house, employing a set of virological and serological methods, revealed the facts of introduction of rotavirus infection into the maternity house, and followed the further spread of the infection. Epidemiological surveys evaluated the sources of infection (parturients, newborns, medical personnel), means of spread of rotavirus infection, and analysed the epidemiological advantages of wards for mother and newborn baby staying together.
Asunto(s)
Maternidades , Infecciones por Rotavirus/epidemiología , Adulto , Anticuerpos Antivirales/sangre , Antígenos Virales/análisis , Heces/microbiología , Femenino , Humanos , Inmunoglobulina M/sangre , Recién Nacido , Cuerpo Médico de Hospitales/estadística & datos numéricos , Moscú/epidemiología , Prevalencia , Alojamiento Conjunto , Rotavirus/inmunología , Rotavirus/aislamiento & purificación , Infecciones por Rotavirus/inmunología , Infecciones por Rotavirus/microbiología , Estudios SeroepidemiológicosAsunto(s)
Brotes de Enfermedades , Gastroenteritis/epidemiología , Infecciones por Rotavirus/epidemiología , Adulto , Femenino , Gastroenteritis/diagnóstico , Humanos , Mucosa Intestinal/patología , Intestino Grueso/patología , Intestino Delgado/patología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Infecciones por Rotavirus/diagnóstico , Federación de RusiaRESUMEN
The authors describe the results of observation and clinico-laboratory examination of patients during seasonal rises of the rotavirus infection incidence in 5 districts of the Moscow region in 1984-1987. The diseases ran their courses in the form of gastroenteritis and enteritis and were marked by a great number of the grave patterns (42-46%), mainly in children of the first three years of life, by a high percentage (77.5%) of the aggravated premorbid status of patients with the grave patterns. The rotavirus nature of diarrheas was supported by the data of direct electron microscopy, ELISA, and solid-phase coagglutination test. The symptom-complex of the clinical manifestations of rotavirus infection was characterized in detail. The histologic and morphometric data pertaining to two lethal outcomes were discussed. It has been demonstrated that respiratory viral infections, primarily influenza, produced an adverse effect, promoting the formation of the severe patterns and the onset of unfavourable outcomes of rotavirus infection in children.
Asunto(s)
Brotes de Enfermedades , Gastroenteritis/epidemiología , Infecciones por Rotavirus/epidemiología , Estaciones del Año , Preescolar , Gastroenteritis/diagnóstico , Humanos , Lactante , Moscú , Infecciones por Rotavirus/diagnóstico , Población UrbanaRESUMEN
Two children (a 6-month-old girl and a 9-month boy) died from Rotavirus gastroenteritis as evidenced by virological, electron microscopic, and immune fluorescence studies of intestinal tissue. Histological and morphometric examinations of the small intestine revealed acute diffuse enteritis with enlarged and shortened villi, infiltration of intrinsic plates with lymphocytes, plasma cells and macrophages, enhanced mitotic activity of epitheliocytes and their increased lymphocyte-induced infiltration. The hepatic tissue showed central lobular fatty infiltration. The above changes should be regarded as manifestations of Rotavirus infection. Pneumonia detected in one of the children had been caused by influenza infection.
Asunto(s)
Gastroenteritis/patología , Infecciones por Rotavirus/patología , Gastroenteritis/etiología , Humanos , Lactante , Intestino Delgado/microbiologíaRESUMEN
Properties of a virus isolated from a patient with rotavirus gastroenteritis (the diagnosis verified by direct electron microscopy) were studied. The virus was identified as a rotavirus in tissue culture neutralization and complement fixation tests. It was shown to replicate through a significant number of passages in continuous cell cultures (Vero, RH) as well as in primary cell cultures of human and animal origin (human embryo kidney, green monkey kidney); some features associated with rotavirus propagation are described.
Asunto(s)
Rotavirus/aislamiento & purificación , Enfermedad Aguda , Animales , Anticuerpos Antivirales/análisis , Pruebas de Fijación del Complemento , Heces/microbiología , Gastroenteritis/microbiología , Humanos , Microscopía Electrónica , Pruebas de Neutralización , Rotavirus/inmunología , Rotavirus/ultraestructura , Infecciones por Rotavirus/microbiología , Cultivo de Virus/métodosRESUMEN
The possibility of rotavirus detection in feces of patients with acute enteric diseases by the agar gel diffusion (AGD) test was studied. The effectiveness of this method was compared with that of the standard method, direct electron microscopy. Both methods showed good correlation of the results, but the AGD test is methodically much simpler which recommends it for diagnosis of rotavirus infection. Rotavirus-specific hyperimmune calf serum may by used as a serological diagnostic preparation for the detection of human rotavirus antigen.
Asunto(s)
Antígenos Virales/análisis , Rotavirus/inmunología , Enfermedad Aguda , Agar , Heces/microbiología , Humanos , Inmunodifusión/métodos , Enfermedades Intestinales/diagnóstico , Microscopía Electrónica , Rotavirus/ultraestructura , Infecciones por Rotavirus/diagnósticoRESUMEN
A method of rapid diagnosis of rotavirus infections is described. It is based on the isolation of viral RNA from the feces of patients with viral gastroenteritis and determination of RNA mobility by 6% polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. It was demonstrated that rotavirus infection could be diagnosed after long-term storage of fecal specimens as well. The method is of interest for epidemiological and genetic studies of human rotavirus diseases.