RESUMEN

Clinically healthy Norwegian elkhounds were tested for glucosuria by urine dipstick analysis and the results were compared with a group of dogs of other breeds during 15 dog shows. Fifty-two of 187 Norwegian elkhounds (27.3 per cent) and 15 of 202 dogs of other breeds (7.4 per cent) were glucosuric during the dog shows; the difference was statistically significant. Two of the glucosuric elkhounds and one non-glucosuric elkhound developed signs of kidney disease during the year of the study.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Although a number of studies have evaluated the associations between use of postmenopausal hormone therapy (HT) and mammographic density, few have assessed the effects of the medications containing estradiol (E2) plus norethisterone acetate (NETA). In particular, there are few data on the effects of the low-dose E2/NETA regimen. METHODS: We included data from 724 women, aged 50-70 years, residing in south-east Norway, who participated in a cross-sectional study conducted within the Norwegian Breast Cancer Screening Program. We assessed mammographic density using a previously validated computer-assisted method. RESULTS: After adjusting for age at screening, number of children and body mass index, women who currently used HT had 6.0% higher percent mammographic density than never-users, p < 0.0001. Women who used either low- or high-dose continuous combined E2/NETA regimens had 7.7% (p < 0.0001) and 8.8% (p < 0.0001) higher percent mammographic density than never-users, respectively. CONCLUSION: Our study suggests that the effect of E2/NETA regimens on mammographic density could be at least as detrimental to the breast tissue as several other estrogen + progestin regimens. Our results suggest that both low- and high-dose E2/NETA influence mammographic density, but there were some indications in our analyses that the effect of low-dose E2/NETA could be slightly lower than that of the older high-dose regimen.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Breast cancers diagnosed between screening examinations among women who attend a breast cancer screening program are defined as interval cancers. The Norwegian Breast Cancer Screening Program started as a pilot project in 1996, and data from the first 2-year interval are available. Our study quantifies interval cancers in the pilot project and explores characteristics and factors that may be associated with interval cancer. Interval cancers in the screening population were identified through the Cancer Registry of Norway. The frequency of invasive interval cancer was calculated as cases per 10,000 screened and as observed/expected ratio. Characteristics of the interval cancers were compared to screening-detected and clinical cancers. Breast density was assessed in a blinded review of 3 categories of screening mammograms. Information on hormone replacement therapy (HRT) use was collected from a questionnaire. The frequency of invasive interval cancers was 18.2 (15.9-20.7) per 10,000 screened and the observed/expected ratio was 0.49 (0.43-0.56). The frequency in the second year of the interval was higher than reported from other programs. The median tumor size of the interval cancers was 19.5 mm and 44.0% of the patients had affected axillary lymph nodes. The interval cancer cases had higher proportions of dense breasts and reported use of HRT compared to screen normal and screening-detected cases. The reported frequency of interval cancers is similar to comparable programs. The interval cancers differed significantly from the cancers detected in the first screening round and were more similar to clinical cancers. Interval cancer was associated with dense breasts and use of HRT. Screening programs must keep these associations in focus.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

According to preset criteria, 1,194 women at risk for inherited breast carcinoma were selected and subjected to examination. Six hundred and three women were examined once, 591 were followed for a mean of 1.8 years. Twenty infiltrating cancers (median age 49 years) and 16 precancers (median age 44 years) were found, demonstrating that breast carcinoma continued to occur in the selected families as expected under the hypothesis of dominant inheritance. At first round, 14 (1.2%) infiltrating carcinomas and a total of 22 (1.8%) cancers or precancers were found. Incidence rates of 0.58% pr. year for infiltrating cancers, and 1.04% pr. year for cancer or precancer were calculated. This confirms the tentative conclusions that were drawn in our previous report. These are the first prospective reports documenting how to delineate a high risk group for premenopausal breast cancer, and how to diagnose cancer at an early stage. All but two affected women had cancer without lymph node metastasis. Although a longer observation time is needed, we cautiously conclude that the results are in keeping with our aim of providing safety for those at risk. Clinical use of predictive genetic testing may be implemented within these families.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Hepatic abscesses represent the most common non-enteric complication of amebic infection, and occur in 1-25% of the patients. We describe two male patients, 44 and 47 years old, who presented hepatic abscesses after travelling in endemic regions. We stress the importance of accurate and early diagnosis. Ultrasonography and computed tomography were of major importance as diagnostic tools.

Asunto(s)

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

By selective enzymolysis, or chemical fractionation, a minor polysaccharide component has been isolated from yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) glucan. This minor component has a degree of polymerization of about 130-140, a highly branched structure, and a high proportion of beta-(1-->6)-glucosidic linkages. The molecules also contain a smaller proportion of beta-(1-->3)-glucosidic linkages that serve mainly as interchain linkages, but some may also be inter-residue linkages.

Asunto(s)

Asunto(s)

Asunto(s)

Asunto(s)

Asunto(s)

Asunto(s)

Asunto(s)

Asunto(s)

Asunto(s)

Asunto(s)

Asunto(s)