RESUMEN
Nihilistic delusions are unique psychopathological experiences characterized by the belief of being deceased, decayed, or obliterated. This case report sheds light on a patient grappling with nihilistic delusions, highlighting the strategies for treating and managing this psychiatric condition. The pathophysiology of Cotard's syndrome remains elusive, with proposed mechanisms being largely speculative. Further research is imperative to gain a comprehensive understanding of the underlying mechanisms. Neurological assessments should be conducted in patients with Cotard's syndrome to rule out organic etiologies.
RESUMEN
Dissociative identity disorder (DID), previously recognized as multiple personality disorder, impacts approximately 1.5% of the population. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, Text Revision (DSM-5-TR), outlines various dissociative disorders (DDs), including depersonalization/derealization disorder, dissociative amnesia, DID, unspecified DD, and other specified DDs. Among these, DID stands out as the most severe, characterized by persistent depersonalization/derealization and dissociative amnesia. This case report explores the symptomatology of DID, available treatments, and the role of trauma.
RESUMEN
Survivor's guilt is the response to an event that some people experience when they survive a traumatic event or situation that others did not. This psychological phenomenon can be associated with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety disorders, and complicated grief. Survivor's guilt is described as the manifestation of tension, distress, or solitude that is triggered by a celebration of life, references to the deceased, and expressions of sympathy. Survivor's guilt is difficult to treat, and the treatment will depend on the severity of the patient's symptoms and the individual's specific needs. This symptom is often overlooked, as it gets grouped into the broader recognized disorder of PTSD. It has been studied within various contexts, including instances of multiple causality, bereaved populations, and HIV-positive men.
RESUMEN
In individuals with depression and anxiety, the composition or alteration of their gut microbiota can significantly affect their psychological symptoms. Articles for this study were selected using PubMed and NCBI (National Center for Biotechnology Information) with the following search terms: "gut microbiota," "depression," "anxiety," "probiotics," and "prebiotics." These studies evaluated the composition of the gut microbiota and the decrease in symptoms of depression and anxiety due to treatment with probiotics and prebiotics. Only papers published after 2015 were included. There was a significant relationship between the composition and alteration of the gut microbiota and the presence or variation of symptoms of depression and anxiety. Treatment with probiotics or prebiotics improved the symptoms of these mental health conditions. This literature review examines how different prebiotics and probiotics affect mental health and how altering individuals' gut microbiota correlates with depression and anxiety. Treatment with probiotics or prebiotics may decrease the severity of these mental disorders by altering the gut microbiota.
RESUMEN
This case report presents the case of a 58-year-old Caucasian male with hypercapnic respiratory failure (type 2 respiratory failure) and septic shock attributed to pneumonia. He also had multiorgan dysfunction and was subsequently diagnosed with neurosyphilis in the setting of underlying HIV. The patient initially presented with worsening shortness of breath and bilateral lower extremity edema. Further evaluation revealed HIV positivity with immunosuppression. The presence of neurologic symptoms on physical examination prompted investigation for an alternative etiology, ultimately leading to the diagnosis of neurosyphilis.
RESUMEN
The mental disorder known as aboulomania, characterized by pathological indecisiveness, is not listed in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, Text Revision (DSM-5-TR), widely used by mental health professionals to diagnose mental illnesses. However, it is frequently observed alongside other mental disorders. Aboulomania is linked to neurotic thinking or "neurosis," which pertains to a mental disorder arising from previous anxiety. This case presentation is on a 40-year-old Caucasian male, with a past psychiatric history of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and moderate cannabis use disorder, with no known medical history, who was involuntarily admitted to the psychiatric ward. Prolonged hospitalization of over two weeks was attributed to his severe and persistent indecisiveness, which hindered progress in discharge planning. In order to tackle this problem, the patient received encouragement from his treatment team to take small, concrete actions to deal with his indecisiveness. This case report emphasizes the significance of aboulomania in causing long-lasting indecisiveness and provides valuable insights on how to overcome this condition.