RESUMEN
Retail live poultry markets (LPMs) may act as a reservoir of avian influenza viruses (AIV). In this study we test the hypothesis that a rest day in the LPMs where the stalls are completely emptied of poultry, cleansed, and restocked will reduce the isolation rates of avian influenza viruses. The isolation rate of H9N2 subtype viruses from chicken was significantly lower after the rest day than prior to it, indicating its impact in reducing transmission. In contrast, Newcastle disease virus (NDV) isolation rates appear unaffected by this intervention, possibly reflecting differences in herd immunity or virus transmission dynamics.
Asunto(s)
Manipulación de Alimentos/normas , Virus de la Influenza A/aislamiento & purificación , Gripe Aviar/diagnóstico , Enfermedades de las Aves de Corral/virología , Aves de Corral/virología , Animales , Hong Kong , Virus de la Influenza A/clasificación , Gripe Aviar/epidemiología , Enfermedades de las Aves de Corral/diagnóstico , Enfermedades de las Aves de Corral/epidemiología , Estaciones del AñoAsunto(s)
Eliminación de Componentes Sanguíneos/instrumentación , Recuento de Leucocitos/instrumentación , Leucocitos , Eliminación de Componentes Sanguíneos/métodos , Eliminación de Componentes Sanguíneos/normas , Plaquetas , Falla de Equipo , Eritrocitos , Estudios de Evaluación como Asunto , Citometría de Flujo , Fluorometría , Humanos , Recuento de Leucocitos/métodos , Control de Calidad , Reino UnidoRESUMEN
Human hepatitis B virus (HBV) is an important cause of nosocomial infections and can be transmitted by contaminated instruments. However, tests of the efficacy of sterilization of materials and equipment contaminated by HBV are difficult to perform because the virus cannot be cultured in the laboratory. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the capability of a low temperature, hydrogen peroxide gas plasma sterilizer (Sterrad, Advanced Sterilization Products, Irvine California,) to inactivate duck hepatitis B virus (DHBV). In laboratory efficacy studies using DHBV dried on to glass filter carriers and exposed to one-half of the hydrogen peroxide gas plasma sterilization process, there was a 10(7) or greater decrease in the viral titer, with no infectivity detected on the carriers after treatment. In-use studies were performed using a laparoscope that was experimentally contaminated with DHBV to mimic the possible transmission of infection between successive patients. Following exposure to the hydrogen peroxide gas plasma sterilization process no transmission of DHBV infection from the laparoscope occurred despite obvious visual soiling with blood (N = 8) while the transmission rate for the unprocessed laparoscope (positive control) was 100% (26/26), and that for instruments after a water wash was 63% (7/11). In conclusion the hydrogen gas plasma sterilization process completely inactivates DHBV a representative of the hepadna group of viruses.
Asunto(s)
Infección Hospitalaria/prevención & control , Desinfectantes , Infecciones por Hepadnaviridae/prevención & control , Virus de la Hepatitis B del Pato/fisiología , Peróxido de Hidrógeno , Esterilización , Animales , Patos , Contaminación de Equipos , Infecciones por Hepadnaviridae/transmisión , Virus de la Hepatitis B del Pato/aislamiento & purificación , Esterilización/métodosAsunto(s)
Puente de Arteria Coronaria/enfermería , Puente de Arteria Coronaria/rehabilitación , Cuidados Críticos/métodos , Ambulación Precoz/métodos , Intubación Intratraqueal/enfermería , Planificación de Atención al Paciente , Cuidados Posoperatorios/métodos , Puente de Arteria Coronaria/efectos adversos , Puente de Arteria Coronaria/economía , Humanos , Evaluación en Enfermería , Investigación en Evaluación de Enfermería , Evaluación de Programas y Proyectos de Salud , Gestión de la Calidad Total/organización & administraciónRESUMEN
A culturally sensitive 3-month intervention was provided to 18 Caribbean Latino men and women with non-insulin-dependent (type 2) diabetes mellitus. Compared to the randomly assigned control group, the intervention group showed statistically significant decreases in total calories, fat calories, percent of calories from fat, saturated fat calories, and percent of calories from saturated fat The intervention group showed increases in calories from carbohydrates and in the percent of calories from fiber.