RESUMEN
While different classes of abused drugs interact with distinct signaling substrates, it appears that all utilize receptors in the mesolimbic dopamine system to mediate their reinforcing effects. The regulator of G-protein signaling (RGS) proteins modulate G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling by increasing the rate of GTP hydrolysis of G proteins. This study was undertaken to determine whether morphine, cocaine, or amphetamine would modulate RGS4 mRNA levels in relevant brain regions. Acute administration of morphine and cocaine decreased levels of RGS4 mRNA in the reticulotegmental pontine nucleus (RtTg) and locus coeruleus (LC). Increases in RGS 4 mRNA levels were observed in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) and dorsal central gray (CGD). Acute drug challenge after chronic drug administration increased RGS4 mRNA in the CGD and decreased RGS4 levels in the red nucleus and RtTg. Interestingly, the LC exhibited biphasic modulation, with decreased RGS4 mRNA levels after acute administration and increased levels after chronic administration. These findings indicate that RGS4 mRNA levels are modulated in a similar manner by different drugs of abuse and imply that a common substrate could mediate some effects of abused drugs.
Asunto(s)
Encéfalo/efectos de los fármacos , Encéfalo/metabolismo , Drogas Ilícitas/farmacología , ARN Mensajero/metabolismo , Animales , Masculino , Ratas , Ratas Sprague-DawleyRESUMEN
In the spring of 1998, the sixth and final class in the collaborative nursing program of the University of British Columbia (UBC) and the Vancouver General Hospital (VGH) will graduate, thus ending the almost 100-year history of nursing education at the hospital.
Asunto(s)
Hospitales Generales/historia , Relaciones Interinstitucionales , Facultades de Enfermería/historia , Universidades/historia , Colombia Británica , Educación en Enfermería/historia , Historia del Siglo XIX , Historia del Siglo XXRESUMEN
Between 1967 and 1990 inclusive, 28 patients with paragangliomas of the neck were diagnosed at the University of Alabama at Birmingham Affiliated Hospitals. There were 11 men and 17 women, whose ages ranged from 12 to 76 years (mean, 47 years). Tumor locations included the carotid bodies (19 cases), the vagus nerves (three), supraglottic larynx (two), the left lateral pharyngeal wall (one), posterior to the right jugular vein (not otherwise defined) (one), subcutaneous neck tissue (one), and a cervical lymph node with unknown primary (one). Diagnostic workup included angiography (23 cases) with preoperative embolization (three), computed tomography (one), magnetic resonance imaging (two), and urinary catecholamine assay (four). All 28 patients underwent resection of the lesions. Cranial nerve damage occurred in 11 patients (39%). There were no perioperative deaths or cerebrovascular accidents, although one of two saphenous vein grafts became thrombotic after carotid body tumor resection.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias de Cabeza y Cuello/diagnóstico , Paraganglioma/diagnóstico , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Biopsia , Niño , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Neoplasias de Cabeza y Cuello/mortalidad , Neoplasias de Cabeza y Cuello/secundario , Neoplasias de Cabeza y Cuello/cirugía , Humanos , Complicaciones Intraoperatorias , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Neoplasias Primarias Secundarias , Paraganglioma/mortalidad , Paraganglioma/secundario , Paraganglioma/cirugía , Tasa de SupervivenciaRESUMEN
A specific and sensitive HPLC-analytical method was developed for the determination of 3-methoxy-6-sulfanilamidopyridazine (sulfadiazine) and 2,4-diamino-5-[3,5-dimethoxy-4-(2-methoxyethoxy)]-benzylpyrimidine (tetroxoprim), a new competitive inhibitor of bacterial dihydrofolate-reductases. The method has a sensitivity limit of 50 ng tetroxoprim/ml and 150 ng sulfadiazine/ml serum.