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Objective:To compare the reliability and validity of the Standard Swallowing Function Assessment Scale (SSA) with those of the GUSS Swallowing Function Assessment Screen (GUSS) in screening for and evaluating dysphagia among stroke survivors.Methods:Forty-seven stroke survivors had their swallowing function evaluated using the GUSS scale and the SSA scale. The results were compared with those of endoscopic swallowing function examinations.Results:Both scales delivered good reliability and validity. The SSA scale′s test-retest reliability had an ICC value=0.828 and an inter-evaluator reliability with an ICC value=0.909. Those were better than the GUSS scale′s values, but the latter had better intrinsic reliability (Cronbach′s α=0.939). Both scales showed good structural and calibration validity, with the sensitivity of the GUSS scale (72.73%) superior to that of the SSA scale, but the GUSS scales′ specificity, Jordan index and area under the operating characteristics curve were inferior to the SSA scale′s values. Combining the two scales in dysphagia screening could produce an area under the curve of 0.77.Conclusion:Both the SSA and GUSS scales have good reliability and validity in screening for swallowing disorders after a stroke. In clinical practice, the SSA alone or the two in series can improve diagnoses so as to prevent aspiration after a stroke.
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Objective To investigate epidemiology of human papillomavirus(HPV) infection in females of this area.Methods Hybrid technology was performed to detect HPV subtypes in 2 509 females with age of 16-79.ThinPrep cytology(TCT),leucorrhea routine examination and other detections were also performed.The detection results of HPV detection and the correlation between HPV infection and other diseases were analyzed.Results The overall prevalence of HPV was 13.9%,with 10.4% and 3.3% of high-risk and low-risk HPV prevalence respectively.The most common high-risk HPV types were 16,58,18,33 and 56 subtype,and the most common low-risk HPV types were 11,6 and 43 subtype.There were two peaks of HPV prevalence at age of 16-20 years and >55-60 years,and the single infection was prevalent.Compared with the healthy subjects,the HPV detection rate in patients with cervicitis and cervicitis/vaginitis were higher(P<0.05).In addition,the rate of HPV infection was higher in Ureaplasma urealyticum positive subjects than negative subjects(P<0.05).Conclusion The increasing detection rate of HPV,especially the high-risk subtype of 16,58 and 33,might be related to lower genital tract infection.
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Objective To approach the effect of CYP3A5 6986A＞G (rs776746) and ABCB1 3435C＞T (rs104564) on plasma tacrolimus(FK506) dose adjusted blood trough concentrations(C0/D) in kidney transplanted patients.Method Totally 125 renal transplanted recipients were recruited,and gene sequencing method were used to detect the genotype of CYP3A5 6986A＞G and ABCB1 3435C＞ T.FK506 trough concentration of 125 patients was detected by enzyme multiplies immunoassay technique (EMIT) after the surgery over 6 month.The relevance between the ratio of trough concentration/dosage and polymorphisms was analyzed.Result In 125 renal transplanted receipients,the allele frequency of CYP3A5 and ABCB1 genetic variants was 74％ and 34.8％,respectively.After 6 months,the C0/D ration in the homozygous mutant CYP3A5 * 3/* 3 receiptients was significant higher than that in the homozygous wild type * 1/* 3 and heterozygous mutant * 1/* 1 receiptients (P ＜ 0.05).And there was no significant difference of the Co/D ration between CYP3A5 * 1/* 1 and CYP3A5 * 1/* 3 receipients(P＞0.05).The the C0/D ration in homozygous wild type ABCB1 T/T and homozygous mutant T/C receipients was significant higher than that in heterozygous mutant C/C receipients (P＜0.05),and there was no significant difference of the C0/D ration between T/C and T/T receipients (P＞ 0.05).Conclusion The study shows that the the polymorphism of CYP3A5 and ABCB1 genes was significantly correlated with the trough C0/D value of the recipients after renal transplantation who were treated by Tacrolimus for more than half a year.The detection of the SNP of the CYP3A5 and ABCB1 will be useful for FK506 dosage adjustment.
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Objective To study the effect of cytomorphological analyses of malignant lymphomas in serous effusions .Methods Aspirating serous effusion were analyzed immediately ,then centrifugated ,stained with Wright-Giemsa ,and observed under micro-scope .The cytomorphological characteristics of lymphomas in serous effusions was analysed .Results 62 cases of malignant lym-phomas were found in 1 440 cases of the serous effusion .The diagnosis efficiencies of lymphomas were 89 .55% for sensitivity , 99 .85% for specificity ,96 .77% for positive expectant value ,99 .49% for negative expectant value and 99 .38% for total effective rate .Lymphoma cells were watched more in pleural effusion(46 cases) than in ascites(18 cases) and pericardial effusion(3 cases) . Cytomorphology of lymphomas included vacuoles ,large cells ,small cells and irregular cells .Conclusion The cytomorphological analysis of malignant lymphomas in serous effusion has an instructive significance to the clinical auxiliary diagnosis .
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Objective To explore the effects of keratinocyte growth factor receptor (KGFR) transgene on sodium channel in alveolar type Ⅱ cells with LPS-induced acute lung injury, to provide the evidence for gene treatment in acute lung injury. Method Totally 40 male Sprague-Dawtey rats were randomly divided into four groups, including normal control (n=8), injured control (n=10), normal transgene (n=10) and injured transgene (n=12). The models of acute lung injury were produced using LPS, and the successful criteria was the obvious enlargement in the lung tissue. The rats in normal transgene group and injured transgene group were injected with 1 mL of KGFR adenovirus vector through rats' tail vein. At 72 hours later, the rats in injured control group and injured transgene group were injected with LPS in dose of 5 mg/kg (BW). While rats in normal control group and normal transgene group were injected with equivalent saline simultaneously. Another 48 hours later, rats in the four groups were killed. The lung tissue were collected for analysis. The expression of sodium channel in rats' alveolar type Ⅱ cells were detected by immunohistochemistry and immunoeectron microscope. Difference among the experimental groups were estimated by ANOVA analysis (LSD-t-test). There was statistical signifi-cance when P<0.05. Results The levels of sodium channel expression in rats' alveolar type Ⅱ cells were differ-era, with normal control group (47.7±3.33), normal transgene group (46.9±5.21), injured tramgene group (29.19±4.11) and injured control group (5.1±2.3). The level of sodium channel expression in injured trans-gene group was lower than that in normal transgene group (t=9.134, P<0.001) and normal control group (t=10.601,P<0.001), but signifieantly higher than that in injured control group (t=16.466, P<0.001). Conclusions The transgene vector can effectively promote the expression of sodium channel in alveolar type Ⅱ cells in rats with LPS-indueed acute lung injury, and can alleviate sodium and water reteraion in alveolar.